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Ovarian Cancer, 2006.
An analysis of the impact of income levels on access to chemotherapy treatment among African-American and white women.
1,143 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how income can influence the care of cancer patients. According to the paper, those in higher income groups have greater access to better treatment and care. This paper extends to peer-reviewed studies of ovarian cancer in African-American and white women in general. The paper aims to isolate case studies and scientific investigations that provide additional insights into the guiding research questions concerning the impact of income level on access to chemotherapy treatment for ovarian cancer.
Outline:
Introduction
Statement of Problem
Importance of Study
Scope of Study
Rationale of Study
Methodology
From the Paper
"Furthermore, researchers report that ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate among all female reproductive system cancers among African American women because the disease is not diagnosed in most cases until it has reached advanced stages; fortunately, though, there are promising clinical trials underway that focus on chemotherapy (Health hotline, 2003). Clearly, then, early detection and treatment are vital components of an effective clinical intervention, but healthcare resources are by definition scarce and therefore can be reasonably expected to go to those who have the ability to pay for them. Indeed, lower-income women in general do not have access to the same level of medical care, nor can they always afford to take time off from work, if they are employed, to seek such care, as their white middle-class counterparts (Kinnon, 1999). "
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African-American Youth and Crime, 2007.
This paper examines African-American youth, affective disorders and the criminal justice system.
2,120 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer discusses that African-Americans are arrested for crimes out of all proportion to their numbers. The writer notes that many claim prejudice, but others simply point to the facts. The writer relates that a higher percentage of African-Americans are arrested and imprisoned, because they are responsible for the bulk of criminal acts. The writer then questions whether these juvenile criminals are solely responsible for their actions. Further, the writer discusses whether the environment in which these children are raised gives rise to the affective disorders, the drug use and the culture of violence, that plagues many of these youngsters from their earliest years. The writer concludes that figures show conclusively that a variety of social ills have made African- Americans far more prone to engage in criminal activity - and in particular violent criminal activity - than any other ethnic group. The writer notes that as long as this situation continues, African-Americans will be a legitimate focus for the war on crime.
From the Paper
"Economic depression, population decline, crime, out-of-wedlock births, and single parenthood have created a downward spiral that no amount of government has been able to stop. The new minority culture of drugs and crime is not only entrenched, it is growing continually worse. Drug use itself leads to the making of many other irresponsible decisions. By lowering the inhibitions, it causes the user to act more on impulse than might otherwise have been the case. Unsafe sex not only spreads potentially deadly diseases like AIDS, but also produces many unwanted children. Just as bad in many ways, is the fact that many of these children, while cared for, end up being raised by single parents. Juvenile delinquency, in particular, is a frequent consequence of this arrangement. And still more troublingly, juvenile delinquency is not just a personal or familial problem; it is a social problem as well. Children raised in broken homes are for more susceptible to becoming criminals than those raised in two parent households. The child's life is incomplete. He does not receive the attention or the guidance that he deserves. Psychologically, he believes that has been rejected by his society, by what he views as society in early childhood - his family. The missing parent leaves a void that must be filled."
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The Harlem Renaissance, 2007.
This paper portrays how Africa became a symbol of identification for African-Americans during the Harlem Renaissance.
1,221 words (approx. 4.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how by the end of the 19th century, Black Americans were freed from slavery, but they were not entitled to progress and equal rights in society. The paper explains that the new educated, proud and urbane African-American was in sharp contrast to the rural, ignorant and humble Negro plantation worker. These Black Americans were unwilling to give up their rights as Americans. The paper describes the Harlem Renaissance and shows how African-Americans defined their black pride and identity in a society dominated by whites. The paper demonstrates how Africa became a symbol of identification for the blacks during this period and Harlem played an important role in the development of ideas, styles, language and culture.
From the Paper
"By the end of the 19th century, Black Americans had long been out of the shackles of slavery, but they felt that the majority white population had not accepted them as freemen, entitled to progress and compete for their place in the society. A large black elite, educated, prosperous and professionals to the core had also developed by then. Some recognized themselves to be black but there were also those who believed themselves to be "not-Negro". Famous American writer Jean Toomer, for example, did not want to be recognized as black. Toomer was reluctant to have his work incorporated in Alain Locke's book 'New Negro' and in an interview remarked that "I have not lived as [a Negro], nor do I really know whether there is any colored blood in me or not" (Jean Toomer's Washington and the Politics of Class, 2006]."
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'Incidents In The Life of a Slave Girl', 2006.
A review of the book 'Incidents In The Life of a Slave Girl' by Harriet Jacobs.
2,068 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper critically examines Harriet Jacobs' 'Incidents In The Life of a Slave Girl'. The paper argues that one of the narrator's critical strategies for escaping her master's designs include gaining some limited control over her sexuality.
Overview:
Analysis of Text
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Jacobs focuses on many other themes tied in with this including highlighting her role as a mother and as a family member. Linda's role as mother serves to enhance her sexual agency and further inspires aggression and frustration from her would be perpetrator, Dr. Flint. However her motherhood also protects her in some ways from Dr. Flint's advances and affords her greater strength and purpose to carry on despite her harsh circumstances. Linda's narratives in the work include many themes that are evidenced in other slave narratives including stories and tales of survival and freedom, however the work is most well noted for its focus on sexuality and themes of motherhood (UNC, 2004). Jacobs focuses on the "cruel realities that plagued black women in the nineteenth century" (Gates, 2001; UNC, 2004). These realities are evidenced in Brent's inner thoughts and deeds including her decision to become a mother out of wedlock. "
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Cold Hatred, 2007.
A discussion of "Where is the Voice Coming From?" by Eudora Welty.
1,304 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how Eudora Welty introduces her readers to the mind of a sociopath killer in her short story "Where is the Voice Coming From?". The paper discusses how the author strikingly illustrates the anatomy of racial hatred. The paper examines the short story that is a chilling account of a cold and calculated murder set in the South during the 1960s; the murder of a black man who had been campaigning for equal rights in the town of Thermopylae. The paper shows how the story is written in first person from the killer's perspective, without divulging his name, to allow Welty to retain a sense of moral distance from the character, who deserves no humanization or sympathy that a name would confer.
From the Paper
"The narrator is a resentful, spiteful man who murders Roland Summers because he hates seeing African-Americans achieving economic parity with whites, let alone superceding poor whites in the South. Throughout "Where is this Voice Coming From," the narrator reveals his resentful attitude. He says that the black man lives "pretty close to where I live," emphasis on the "I" to emphasize his hatred for simply living in the same region as black people. The narrator's resentment grows deeper and becomes more directly connected to economic parity. For example, he states, "his street's been paved," refers to his "new white car," and his "paved driveway.""
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The 14th Amendment, 2007.
An examination of the history of the 14th Amendment of the United States Constitution.
2,057 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how the Fourteenth Amendment was designed and legislated during the Presidency of Andrew Johnson. The paper discusses how this amendment, although intended to act as a linchpin for freedom and equality for all African-Americans after the Civil War, actually created consequential conditions which only aggravated the true plight of these courageous and often overlooked people. The paper focuses on the years 1866 to 1918.
From the Paper
"Following the appointment of Andrew Johnson as President of the United States on April 15, 1865, just one day after the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln, four states of the former Confederacy, namely, Arkansas, Louisiana, Tennessee and Virginia, contained small groups of loyal men who had organized nominal state governments during the Civil War, all of which were recognized by Lincoln and then supported by Johnson. On May 29, 1865, Johnson appointed a provisional governor of North Carolina and told him to call a convention aimed at repealing the ordinance of secession and striking from the state constitution all references to slavery. Thus, with this simple process, President Johnson outlined identical plans for the reconstruction of the six remaining Confederate states."
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Two African-American Philosophers, 2007.
This paper compares two early 20th century African-American leaders and philosophers: W.E.B. du Bois and B.T. Washington.
980 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Booker T. Washington, living in the South that still had not come to term with race equality, realized that he needed the support of the white majority to provide education and support for black causes. The author points out that, on the other hand, W. E. B. du Bois, living in the liberal North, wanted to see an America with social equality where individuals would be rewarded according to their merits not their color. The paper states that, in recent terminology, Washington's philosophy can be said to advocate apartheid; whereas, du Bois was the predecessor of the philosophy of Martin Luther King.
From the Paper
"When Washington complained of inequality he presented its effect not upon the black Americans but upon whites. If white southerners saw no reason for higher education for black Americans, Washington agreed. If southerners opposed voting for blacks, Washington went along and opposed it 'for present'. His views would certainly be
considered 'pathetic' by today's black Americans. Even in his own time, black activist Henry Turner declared "will have to live a long time to undo the harm he has done our race.""
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The Clay Bill, 2007.
This paper presents the arguments of Daniel Webster and Calhoun on the "Compromise of 1850."
828 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the 1850 Henry Clay laws that were later known as the Clay Bill or "Compromise of 1850." Henry Clay's proposition prompted much controversy, but was ultimately passed via two separate measures in Congress. The paper explains that Webster promoted passage of the Compromise of 1850 because he viewed unification of the north and south as the most important political issue for consideration. The paper examines how Calhoun approached the Compromise as an opportunity to discuss the evils of the power hungry north. The paper reveals that while at first glance it may seem that the Compromise of 1850 supported more free states and the abolition of slavery, in fact it made life more difficult for fugitive slaves.
Outline:
Introduction
Analysis of Text
Conclusions
From the Paper
"Daniel Webster promoted passage of the Compromise of 1950 through his speech, which highlighted the importance of creating a solidarity among people living in the north and the south. Webster's primary argument included the position that since the time of the Constitution much change had occurred within the states. Webster suggests that the North and South were once in agreement that slavery was at best an "immoral and an evil practice", and that such practice could only be considered "inhuman and cruel.""
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Agape In The Ethics Of Martin Luther King, Jr., 2007.
An analysis of how agape factors in the ethics of Martin Luther King, Jr. and his pursuit of justice.
47,143 words (approx. 188.6 pages), 94 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This research attempts to discern what Martin Luther King, Jr. meant by love and justice. The paper shows how he referred to these phrases as they relate to God's dynamic action seeking to create, restore and preserve God's community by participating in creation. The paper begins by describing how de facto racism and other forms of social injustice have become widely accepted norms both in the church and American social and economic life in the 21st century.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Chapter 1 Introduction
Significance Of Research
Methodology
Literature Review
Chapter 2 Love In Its Different Forms
Sacrificial Love
Mutual Love
Love As Equal Regard
Delivering Love
Chapter 3 Justice As Agape Love In Action Within Community
Radical Agape Love--Loving One's Enemies
Love, Justice, And The Image Of God
Love, Justice And Unity
Love, Justice And Integration
Chapter 4 Freedom, Sacrifice And Communal Responsibility
Limits To Freedom In The Beloved Community
Community Ruled By Agape Love
Agape Love And Interdependence
Communal Responsibility That Cares Comprehensively
Chapter 5 King's Vision Of Dynamic Love
The Command To Love
Love, Justice And Goodwill
Self-Giving And Cross-Bearing
Creative Altruism
Chapter 6 King's Vision Of Justice And The Beloved Community
The Color-Blind Doctrine From Plessy To King
Color-Blind Or Color Conscious?
Beyond Civil Rights: Poor People's Campaign For The 21st Century
King's "Law" Of Justice As Agape Love In Action
Chapter 7 Tokenism And Justice: An American Perspective
The Increasing Significance Of Class And Race: From King To The 21st Century
Statistical Data Of Economic Disparity Along The Color-Line
God's Law Of Justice And The Role Of The Church As Custodians Of Agape Love
Chapter 8 Conclusion
What Should Christians Be Doing To Keep Justice As Agape Love In Action?
Where Do We Go From Here?
From the Paper
"The nature and function of agape love in action requires a backward glance to traditional Greek mythology as communicated by Hesiod in particular, and poets and philosophers in general. According to Gordis, "The Greek epic poet Hesiod described human history as consisting of four successive ages, of gold, silver, copper, and iron, and the present was the last and the worst. The Prophets reversed this universal belief by positing the conviction that man's Golden Age lay in the future." While the Civil Rights Movement has not fully achieved all of its objectives, the movement managed to realize some fundamental reforms. For example, legal segregation as a system of racial control was dismantled, and African-Americans were no longer subject to the humiliation of various "Jim Crow" laws. According to Turner, "By 1956, a great deal of black blood had been spilled challenging the Jim Crow system, but the civil rights movement had achieved some major victories on the path to full black citizenship. The Civil Rights Act of 1964, Voting Rights Act of 1965, and Pres. Lyndon Johnson's war on poverty established the promise for full integration of African-Americans into society." Furthermore, a wide range of public institutions were opened to all citizens and African-Americans achieved the right to vote and the influence that went with that right in a free democracy; nevertheless, scarcely a day goes by the underlying racial tensions in America do not erupt in some form or another."
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African-American Culture, 2007.
A discussion on the origins and makings of the African-American culture.
1,064 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
This paper claims that the study of the historical evolution of states such as Ghana, Mali and Songhai is essential for understanding the differences in the cultural and social approaches. It explains that the African-American culture and the identity and sense of belonging of a shared system of values has been the result and the reaction to the violent contact the Africans were forced to have with their western oppressors.
From the Paper
"Despite this however, inside the territory that is nowadays defined by the African borders, different and distinct civilizations were emerging, each with it specificities, but at the same time they were manifesting themselves inside similar general guidelines. This is why, it can be said that the African culture was in fact one which developed in a rather secluded atmosphere, without the pressure or influences of other cultures. This can be explained by the fact that the European notion of geography in particular revolved around certain concepts such as terra nullius which reduced all non western world to the Christian project "which perceived itself in both its textuality and significance as the most perfect expression of human culture" (Middleton,1997, p. 18)"
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Affirmative Action, 2007.
Argues that people should not rely on the reverse discrimination policy of affirmative action to get them what they want in life.
774 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that affirmative action is not a panacea for society's problems and injustices; it is a legal strategy to level the playing fields of academic and professional development. Laws alone cannot propel people into the lives they want; there must be the compliment of passion and commitment to overcome all obstacles in the pursuit of a personal goal. The paper argues that affirmative action does get minorities opportunities they would not otherwise have, yet ultimately the responsibility of achievement rests not with the government but with the individual.
From the Paper
"We live in a very competitive, very volatile global arena today and those that take the affirmation to make themselves more relevant and stronger in it will have the best assurance against discrimination: knowledge and a passion to apply it. Yet Affirmative Action seeks to control the circumstances of people's lives so they don't have to find that passion, and that is just wrong. Instead of making a persons' life easy, they should make the person stronger to overcome obstacles."
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Diabetes Mellitus, 2007.
A research proposal to examine the high rate of type II diabetes in the African-American population.
1,952 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 57 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This research examines the diabetes epidemic among African- Americans; the broad range of risk and structural factors that contribute to the disease onset in this population group. The paper focuses on the African-American population, disproportionately affected by diabetes. This study effort emphasizes the necessity for equal application and implementation of health care interventions in the context of disease populations, disease management of the most common, costly and complex treatable diseases, as well as, chronic conditions with the greatest disparities in care.
Outline:
Abstract
I. Diabetes in People of Color
i) Understanding
ii) Aims and Objectives
iii) One Voice Counts
II. Review of Relevant and/or Related References
From the Paper
"On an average, African Americans are 1.8 times more likely to have diabetes than whites of similar age. For every six whites with diabetes, 10 African Americans have diabetes, accompanied with a 27 percent higher mortality rate. Nearly 3.2 million (13.3 %) of all African Americans have been diagnosed with diabetes and suffer from higher rates of serious complications, which include heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, blindness, kidney disease, nervous system disease, amputations, neuropathy, dental disease, and complication of pregnancy. Diabetes, one of the most common and costly health problems, is also among the most preventable diseases."
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Niagara Movement, 2007.
This paper discusses W.E.B. Dubois and the Niagara Movement and looks at its importance for the African-American people.
1,355 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explains that the Niagara Movement reflected the growing opposition, going back to the days of the Civil War and President Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation which freed the slaves from their bondage, towards racial discrimination. The writer looks at the Niagara Movement under the leadership of W.E.B. Dubois and William Moore Trotter which was initiated in order to create and maintain aggressive political and social action with the aim of securing full citizenship rights for all black Americans. The writer points out that in a declaration of principles, W.E.B. Dubois and the Niagara Movement made it clear that black Americans must accept certain duties in order to achieve their God-given rights, duties which Dubois clearly realized were essential for all black Americans and which today's African-Americans, by a very large majority, continue to respect on a daily basis.
From the Paper
"It has been pointed out by a number of historians and scholars that the selection of Harper's Ferry as the meeting place for the Niagara Movement in 1906 was a very radical decision which caused some concern among black intellectuals and forced many to distance themselves from the movement. One of these intellectuals was Booker T. Washington, then residing and teaching at the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama. Washington at this time was widely considered as the quintessential distributor of philanthropic gifts and donations to black educational institutions throughout the United States and was prominent playing the role of appointing qualified blacks to jobs in the
federal government and acted as the strongest and most influential force in black America. Thus, his opposition to the Niagara Movement's decision to meet at Harper's Ferry paved the way for other prominent black Americans to choose not to be associated with the movement. Washington's opposition, in conjunction with a split between Dubois and Trotter, greatly weakened the movement to where within a few years it has lost much of its effectiveness and support."
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African-Americans and Reconstruction, 2007.
This paper discusses the Reconstruction period in America and looks at the treatment of African-Americans.
3,670 words (approx. 14.7 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 101.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer looks at the Reconstruction period and examines how the African-Americans were treated. The writer also discusses that there were issues that Caucasian individuals had to deal with as well, and many of these issues also affected the African-American population. The writer concludes that African-Americans have never completely gained their freedom, but things are working toward more freedom for African-Americans. The writer maintains that when they are no longer judged by the color of their skin, they will truly be free.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
African-Americans and Bias
Violence and Significance
Problems with Reconstruction
The Emancipation Proclamation
Land Grants and Job Opportunities
Masters and Freedmen
The Freedom of African-Americans
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Originally, the Reconstruction was hailed as a terribly boring time in U.S. history, but much of it is rich with interesting information and recently some credibility has come back to it, designating it a part of history that deserves further study. Many believed that everything that was learned and accomplished throughout the Reconstruction had been lost before it was actually over and that the idea of social improvement that it carried ended up being a failure. However, some of the things that were accomplished during the reconstruction and a great deal of what was learned remained with the country after it was over and built the foundations for many of the things that go on today.
The Reconstruction period was very valuable for many reasons and not all of these had to do with the emancipation of African-American individuals. Examples such as the slaves who took care of Jefferson Davis's plantation after he died indicated that African-Americans were very much interested in the reconstruction and found it very valuable."
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Racial Identity In African-American Students, 2007.
An analysis of the literature discussing academic achievement in advanced mathematics at the high school level among African-American students.
2,701 words (approx. 10.8 pages), 54 sources, MLA, $ 81.95
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Abstract
This paper aims to conduct a literature review that focuses on the attitudes of teachers toward students in terms of their expectations for a student's achievement. The paper discusses the outcomes in educational achievement of African-American students in the mathematics and science advanced placement (AP) courses and looks at how students' racial identity affects their academic achievements.
Outline:
Objective
Review Of The Literature
From the Paper
"When the surveys/questionnaires were complete the statement of a teacher was revealed as conveying that the critical factor to the success of African American students in advanced mathematics to be the factor of "high expectations and collaborative leadership" (Ibid) The teacher goes on to state that collaboration in the school in inclusive with assessment, curriculum and reform advisers working in cohesion together. The teacher stated specifically that "It's about having high expectations...it's not okay that because these kids come from poverty or from an unsupportive home, or because these parents aren't knocking on the door of the school, to accept low performance. If I got something that wasn't the best piece of work, before I might have excused it and thought, "Well they don't have anyone to help them a t home."" Now I'm asking: What can I do to aid this child, to give him or her more support? "(Ferguson & Holt, 2006)"
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