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"New World Order", 2005.
This paper explores the current meaning of the phrase "new world order".
930 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the term "new world order" was first used by then-President George H.W. Bush and his peers in the early 1990s to describe new alignments of power after Communism's initial collapse in 1991. The author suggests that today, the "new world order" is one in which (1) trans-global corporate power is, in and of itself, a "power player" like never before and (2) the U.S., France, Russia and Britain are fighting terrorism primarily from Islamic religious followers. The paper expresses concern that, since 9/11, changing social values include an increased willingness on the part of many American citizens as well as many British, Spanish and other ones who now feel directly threatened by the specter of terrorism, to give up voluntarily many basic rights and freedom such as the use of video public surveillance.
From the Paper
"In essence, then, today's post-911 "New World Order" has become a more scared one - far more scared today, in fact, than when the post-World War II Communist threat was taken seriously. Increasingly, moreover, just as, when in the four or five decades following World War II, the Eastern and Western worlds were polarized against one another (e.g., the United States and its allies against the Soviet Union and its allies, and China and its allies), the non-Islamic and Islamic worlds are now similarly polarized. Meanwhile, as America focuses on Iraq, where no nuclear danger exists, North Korea has developed nuclear arms; Iran is well on the way to doing so, and China remains as formidable as ever."
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The Dominican Republic and the U.S., 2006.
An analysis of the relationship between the Dominican Republic and the United States.
3,346 words (approx. 13.4 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the relationship between the Dominican Republic and the United States between the historical period of 1960 and 2000 was long-standing, sometimes mutually symbiotic, but more often than not, was sycophantic in nature on the part of the Dominican Republic and imperialistic on the part of the United States. This paper is concerned with the presentation of how the relationship between the two countries has evolved throughout the centuries and whether it has been for the better or for the worse.
Outline
The U.S. Role
The Dominican Republic Role
From the Paper
"President Ulysses S. Grant's appeal for the Annexation of Dominican Republic is without a doubt, one of the most important documents in the history of the bilateral relations between the U.S. and the Dominican Republic. It explains the position of the American President regarding the commercial viability of the Dominican Republic that the nascent empire looked to gain if able to annex this territory. This request to the Congress was delivered at a time when the Dominican Republic had just become an independent republic. With significant eloquence, Grant's address to the Congress responds to the question of why the U.S. should annex the Dominican Republic. This appeal was followed in December of 1870 by Charles Sumner's speech, who gave a rousing monologue on the Senate floor against the proposed annexation of the Dominican Republic."
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Immigration to the United States, 2006.
A paper surveying the history of immigration laws in the United States.
2,352 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
The author of this paper relates the opinions of various groups on the issue of immigration to the United States. In addition, the paper provides a survey of immigration laws throughout United States history. The paper discusses the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and shows its limitations in dealing with immigration issues. The paper examines the issue of asylum and political refugees as it currently applies. In addition, the paper provides an explanation of how the United States immigration quotas operate.
From the Paper
"Immigration is a subject that creates controversy, with many calling for less immigration as a way of enhancing security and improving the economy, and with others citing immigration as one of the main forces boosting the economy throughout American history. All Americans derive from immigrants, of course, except for the Native Americans who themselves had immigrated across the Bering Strait thousands of years ago. Immigration has changed over the course of American history, in part reflecting conditions elsewhere in the world, while also showing in the legal system how Americans view people from other countries, welcoming some and rejecting others. The issue has become enmeshed in security concerns since 9-11, with calls for reform to alter the number and type of immigrants allowed into the country. Some two percent of the world's population are migrants or refugees, and most lack basic human rights. While the Universal Declaration of Human Rights recognizes a citizen's right to leave a country, nothing is said about rights following the arrival in another country, and often this is a greater problem. More than 100 million people around the world are living in countries where they are not citizens, and another 23 million are displaced in their own countries. In spite of the huge numbers of people involved, constitutions, laws, and governments restrict the rights of these people to move freely, to speak, and to be heard. In addition, the present structure of recognized human rights provides no framework within which the rights of migrants can be discussed."
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The North Vietnamese Army and National Liberation Front, 2006.
A paper on the North Vietnamese Army and the National Liberation Front during the Vietnam war.
875 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper is about the North Vietnamese Army and the National Liberation Front, the forces that opposed the U.S. Military during the Vietnam War. The paper describes how these two groups were disorganized, unskilled and uneducated.
From the Paper
"Contrary to what some historians believe, the North Vietnamese Army and the National Liberation Front during the Vietnam War were anything but an organized and efficient unit, for in reality, these two entities were disorganized, peasant forces that operated under the so-called leadership of the Communists in North Vietnam and their counterparts in the Soviet Union and Communist China. According to A.J. Langguth, the North Vietnamese Army and the National Liberation Front, headed by Nguyen Huu Tho, "were hardly the fighters" which a prominent American journalist had deemed them, for following one of many skirmishes, the troops "had killed only one unarmed farmer who was living with his wife and children in a hut painted with anti-government slogans" (160-61)."
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International Criminal Justice System, 2006.
An outline of a model for a global system of law enforcement and justice.
2,376 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper proposes that an International Criminal Court based upon already existing working models of criminal justice systems could and should be established. Next, the paper examines some of the existing models of law enforcement and explains how they could be expanded and combined in order to create a global system of law enforcement that would supercede the current national systems in operation, rather than be subordinate to them.
Outline
Argument against International System
European Model Already Exists
Lessons from the International Criminal Court
Positive: It Pre-exists Incidents
Negative: It has Limited Jurisdiction
Historically, Global Investigation of Financial
Misdeeds Useful for New Organization
UN Crime Conferences Establish Grounds for Action
UN Already has Mandate
Interpol Already has Experience and Good Reputation
Combine These, Use Facets of Each
From the Paper
"There is a major argument against forming a true international justice agency often cited by opponents, that in creating such an entity, individual states would lose a portion of their sovereignty. However, there are already components of such an agency, from finding and arresting criminals to bringing them to justice, in place. Expanding them, at a time when sending information across national boundaries is instantaneous and universal, seems essential, more essential, in fact, than was the creation of the European Union, once a seemingly impossible concept as well. It was, for example, unthinkable that European nations would relinquish their own currencies in favor of an international standard, at least among those nations."
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The Asian Monetary Fund, 2006.
A paper on the purposes of the Asian Monetary Fund.
3,724 words (approx. 14.9 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 102.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the purpose of the Asian Monetary Fund and its origins. The paper explains how Japanese Vice-Minister of Finance, Eisuke Sakakibura, originally drew up the proposal, which was tabled until recently. The paper goes on to explain the objections of the United States to the proposal, and the international trade ramifications of creating an Asian Monetary Fund.
table of contents:
What is the Asian Monetary Fund?
What is its purpose?
How does it affect International Trade?
What effect does it have on the U.S. economy?
Why is it important?
Other relevant information on the Asian Monetary Fund
From the Paper
"The Asian Monetary Fund is the reform measure of the International Monetary Fund, amidst severe economic crisis of East Asia, since the Second World War, were considered as too imposing and too stringent. This led many to seriously think of mild reforms to eradicate the possibility of future economic exigencies. Some others inclusive of Japanese Finance Minister Kiichi Miyazawa and South Korean Prime Minister Kim Jong-Pil went to the extreme and argued that IMF is quite incapable of healing the ailing Asian economics. They advocated the constitution of Asian Monetary Fund as an alternative to IMF reforms. The prevailing economic disaster in Asian regions has made the Asian institutions vulnerable to serious flaws as well as their responsive towards informality and consensus. The creation of Asian Monetary Fund was first proposed by Japanese Vice-Minister of Finance Eisuke Sakakibura during the year 1997. (Asian vs. International: Structuring an Asian Monetary Fund)"
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U.S Farm Subsidies, 2005.
This paper discusses the U.S. policies of farm subsidies in relationship to the international agricultural market.
1,620 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, although the United States provides proportionally less support for its farmers overall than the E.U., it is the second largest supporter of agriculture in the developed world; some commodities, such as sugar, have overall support at E.U. levels. The author points out that evidence suggests that the current U.S. barriers hit the very poorest countries hardest. The paper relates that direct support given to U.S. farmers and the presence of significant trade barriers for certain products means that the United States agricultural production is higher than it would be otherwise, which lowers world prices; moreover, U.S. direct export subsidies, export credits and food aid are likely to have a further depressing effect on world prices.
From the Paper
"This evidence also suggests that the United States Generalized System of Preferences, U.S. GSP, program is not particularly generous with respect to agricultural products, a point supported by some WTO calculations. The estimated gap between the average agricultural tariff faced by middle-income countries, who will largely have GSP terms, and OECD ones, who will mainly face MFN rates, in the United States is only 1.5 percent. A wide range of agricultural products are indeed excluded from coverage under the U.S. GDP, and even the U.S. Africa Growth and Opportunity Act, AGOA, excludes many significant agricultural products."
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Future Wars of the Middle East, 2006.
A research paper exploring the possibility of a future breakout of war in the Middle East and North Africa due to the scarcity of water throughout the region.
20,838 words (approx. 83.4 pages), 48 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This dissertation presents a case study of the possibility of future wars throughout the Middle East and North Africa due to water scarcity and limited water resources presently being experienced in that region. The paper starts by revealing the gravity of the situation by showing the present statistics surrounding the problem of water scarcity throughout the world. Thereafter, the paper highlights the importance of water in the national economy. From then on, the paper discusses the present situation of water scarcity in the Middle East by noting the present available resources of water in the Middle East. Lastly, the paper highlights the reason underlying possible future water wars in the Middle East and North Africa. The paper concludes by briefly analyzing the findings and assessing possible variables and alternative scenarios that might be adapted by the Middle East and North African states to avert war.
Table of Contents
Abstracts
Synopsis
Introduction
The Importance of the Availability of Water
Presently Available Water Resources in the Middle East
The Conflict in the Future
Hypothesis
Review of Related Literature
Methodology
Collection of Data
Data Analysis and Search Tactics
Limitations of the Study
Findings
Geographic Location
Regional Tension, Disharmony and Centuries of Conflict
Vague International and National Laws
Population Explosion
Increase Demand and Decrease Supply
Pollution
Water Exploitation Methods
Economic Growth in the Middle East
Border Conflicts
The Domestic Situation and Regional Conflicts
Assessment of Expected Variables
Conclusion
From the Paper
"At present, as mentioned above, approximately 40% of the world's population is dealing with the scarcity of water. In fact, hundreds and thousands of humans travel all year long in search of water. They live their lives like nomads and remain in one place until they have utilized the water resources. While, this picture is very noticeable in the Middle East countries, more and more countries are joining the listing of such countries. Experts fear that if the present situation is not given the due attention, then by the middle of this century, almost 65% of the world's population will be confronting water scarcity and famine (Steve Lonergan, 1996). The gravity of the situation in the Middle East can be gauged from the fact that in the mid 1990's almost 8 countries from this region fell below the international standards of "absolute water scarcity," while many others had been on the brink of falling below the redline (Robert Engelman and Pamela LeRoy, 1993). This situation occurs when the yearly per capita fresh water accessibility of a nation drops below 500 cubic meters. These 8 countries in the Middle East faced inbuilt problems and difficulties of water scarcity that severely threatened the public healthcare structure, as well as, hindered the growth and development of the socio-economic system. To add to the difficulty, these regions have one of the highest population growth rates in the world. One does not have to be a rocket scientist to determine the fate of countries if their water resources come to a stand still while their population is rapidly growing at the rate of more than 3 percent (Ashok Swain, 1996)."
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Latin American Union, 2006.
An analysis of the idea of creating a social institution, resembling the European Union structure, for Latin American countries.
2,888 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the rationality of creating a social institution for Latin American countries, resembling the mechanisms of the European Union. The paper starts by discussing the role of international institutions and organizations in the present world order. Next, the paper provides a complete, yet concise, review of literature relevant to the discussion and then provides the rationale for the creation of a social institution in Latin America. The paper argues in favor of such an institution's formation by revealing the failures of the international institutions and global organizations and by highlighting the dilemmas of the national governments in the present world order. Lastly, the paper provides a brief, yet concise mechanisms of the social institution that will assist the Latin American countries in resolving the present discrepancies and problems confronting them.
Table of Contents
Abstract
Introduction
Review of Related Literature
The Rationale for the Creation of a Latin American
Social Institution
An argument in Favor of the Creation of a
Latin American Social Institution
The Possible Mechanisms of the Latin American
Social Institution
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The thought of creating an international social institution in Latin America, resembling The European Union structure needs careful examination as it is clear from the above mentioned facts that research and study on this subject is neither very extensive nor very comprehensive. However, before we assess the justification and the possible working structure of an international institution in Latin America, it is imperative we briefly review the theories pertaining to this subject so that we may be able to clearly evaluate not only the workings of the Latin American social institution but also the fundamental reasons and motivations underlying such a development."
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U.S. Foreign Policy in the Middle East, 2006.
An overview of the objectives of U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East and whether it can be considered morally justifiable.
2,462 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the quagmire of Middle East politics and how the U.S. has conducted its foreign policy in that region of the world. The paper discusses whether U.S. objectives and its foreign policy in the Middle East are morally justifiable and concludes that they are because the goal of the U.S. is primarily one of helping people of the third world countries, while at the same time protecting her own interests.
From the Paper
"As far as the scourge of terrorism is concerned, it is a sad but true fact that no leader has managed to succeed in getting to the very root of the problem and thereby finding an appropriate solution to it. There may be a satisfactory explanation for this fact; it may be that the very nature of terrorism being what it is: quite unpredictable and also very asymmetrical, it is virtually impossible to find an adequate solution to the problem, and the underlying issues are so many and so widespread that it is an unattainable goal to hope to find an ideal solution to combat 'terrorism'. In fact, it can be safely stated that the West has actually and virtually outstayed its welcome in most parts of the world, especially in the Middle East, rich in oil as it is, and the leaders in those parts of the world, fuelled by their innate greed, grew from being mere allies of the West to real and true despots, and this because of the one thing that all the world needs: Oil. In fact, Osama bin Laden, as well as Saddam Hussein were allies of the USA in both the US war against Afghanistan as well as in the US war against Iraq respectively. (Going Tactical)"
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The Goals of Oxfam International, 2006.
This paper examines the goals and accomplishments of Oxfam International, an independent non-government organization, dedicated to fighting poverty and related injustices around the world.
1,630 words (approx. 6.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper details the history and organizational structure of Oxfam International, founded in 1995 by a group of independent non-government organizations that banded together to achieve a greater impact in reducing poverty through their collective efforts. This paper delves into Oxfam's rebuilding efforts in Asia, after the 2005 tsunami disaster, in which the organization raised over $200 million, to provide long term relief to the affected countries. This paper details the efforts and accomplishments of Oxfam International in Nigeria, where the organization has made tremendous progress in the region, fighting slavery and discrimination. This paper discusses Oxfam's work in war-torn Sudan, where they have been helping more than 700,000 individuals in Darfur and Chad. This paper examines Oxfam's Make Trade Fair project, which calls on governments, institutions and multinational companies around the world to come together and form new trade practices, in order to combat global poverty. This paper also details the four main goals of non-governmental organizations, such as Oxfam, which include, setting agendas and negotiating outcomes, by means of research and lobbying in humanitarian and emergency situations.
Table of Contents:
Mission Statement
Organizational Structure
Recent Projects
Rebuilding After the Tsunami
Fighting Slavery and Discrimination in Nigeria
Sudan Crisis
Make Trade Fair
Four Roles of NGOs
Media Reports
Analysis
From the Paper
"Since the massive earthquake and tsunami disaster in Asia, Oxfam's humanitarian and reconstruction efforts through its 12 Oxfams around the world jointly raised approximately $200 million and now put to use in providing mid-and long-term relief in the affected countries and in helping the people is these countries rebuild their lives. The funding is to provide immediate water and sanitation, food and shelter in those regions affected by the tsunami. Oxfam continues to build temporary shelters, install water tanks, and provide emergency supplies like hygiene kits. Oxfam does this in collaboration with the governments of those countries, other non-governmental organizations and partners."
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Sovereign Ratings, 2006.
This in-depth paper analyzes the significance in assessing and rating a particular country's assets and liabilities as well as its overall impact on the global economy.
4,681 words (approx. 18.7 pages), 42 sources, MLA, $ 120.95
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Abstract
The writer of the well-researched paper examines the history of sovereign ratings which have been around since approximately 1979. This paper details the importance of sovereign ratings, which basically assess the financial worth of an individual country. This paper analyzes the methods in which countries are rated, which include calculating the financial history, current assets and liabilities of a particular country. Sovereign ratings are significant when calculating whether or not a particular country can repay its debt, or whether the country in question will choose to default on its debt, to the lending country. This paper delves into the relevance of these ratings, when dealing with international trade and currency. This paper explores the various risks involved in lending money to sovereign nations. This paper examines the methodologies that are generally used by rating agencies, such as Standard and Poor's and Moody's. The writer discusses the various shortcomings that are associated with sovereign ratings, while discussing why certain countries, such as Korea and Malaysia do not have good ratings. This paper also supplies two tables relevant to this particular topic, including a sovereign credit rating, listed by country.
Table of Contents:
Literature Review
Introduction
History of Sovereign Ratings
Methodologies Used by Rating Agencies
Shortcomings
Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper
"While sovereign ratings are seen to be very important, more recent history is still suggestive of the fact that lending to sovereigns remains very risky. A survey taken by Standard & Poor's that dealt with 72 governments and looked at the debt based on outstanding foreign and domestic currency indicated that 30 of these had defaulted at least one time on either foreign or domestic currency debt since 1970. None of these sovereigns had any type of sovereign rating by a rating agency that was recognized internationally before they defaulted but nine of them have been rated subsequently by Standard & Poor's and Moody's. The frequency of default for many of these countries has been relatively high and this has been something that has caused a lot of stress and concerns for individuals in those sovereign countries that are simply trying to conduct good business today without being held back by the past."
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Environmental Factors vs. Economic Development, 2006.
This paper analyzes the manner in which environmental factors impact on the economic development of the United States and Japan.
1,889 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 60.95
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Abstract
This paper delves into the close relationship between the U.S. and Japan, while discussing the mutual advantages of increased economic trade and strategic military alliances in response to a growing threat from North Korea. The writer of this paper analyzes how particular environmental factors, such as social background, political systems, regulatory requirements, educational levels and religions have influenced the economic development of both nations. This paper compares the differences and similarities between the U.S. and Japan on a variety of topics, including religion and literacy. The U.S. is at a slight disadvantage compared to Japan in terms of literacy rates, 97% of the population over the age of 15 years is literate, compared to 99% in Japan. According to the World Bank, however, the U.S. scored slightly ahead of Japan in terms of overall educational opportunities. This paper also presents various graphs and tables, illustrating the scores and economic placements of both the U.S. and Japan, as cited in the World Bank's Knowledge Economy Index.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Review and Analysis
Comparison and Analysis of Key Metrics
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"Companies that compete within a regulated environment are subject to legal and economic constraints that are not faced by firms in unregulated environments; consequently, such companies are exposed to high levels of determinism which can severely limit the strategic choices available. According to Carlile and Tilton, there is a significant challenge involved in understanding the Japanese regulatory environment for those whose primary frame of reference is the regulatory environment found in Western countries. The fiscal situation that emerged was even worse than that which had induced the 1980s administrative reform movement, and Japan's debt level quickly soared to the highest level among the leading advanced industrialized countries. With the official discount rate eventually dropping to 0.5 percent, further lowering of interest rates was not an option."
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Japan's Economic Development, 2006.
This paper analyzes the importance of Japan's foreign direct investment (FDI), to its economic development and growth.
2,686 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper defines FDI inflow as the investment one particular country or nation receives from another, while outflow is the amount of resources leaving the investing country into the source country. This well-researched paper focuses on the history of Japan's economy and the recent significant increase of FDI inflow into the country. The writer of this paper compares Japan's FDI flows to those of other countries. The ratio of inward FDI compared to nominal GDP in 2000 was only 1.1% in Japan, which compares to 27.9% in the U.S., 32.4% in the UK and 22.4% in Germany. The writer contends and explains why Japan's FDI flows are crucial for economic development and growth in other nations as well as on its own shores. This paper delves into the various programs instituted by the Japan Investment Council, which is geared towards making the public aware of the role of Japan's FDI and its overall importance to the economy.
Table of Contents:
Executive Summary (Abstract)
Background
History
Statement of Problem
Research
References Cited
From the Paper
"As of September 2004, foreign-affiliated firms employed some 1.02 million workers in Japan, JETRO research finds. This figure represents only 2.4 percent of Japan's total permanent workforce and lags well behind that of other developed countries such as the U.S. at 5.5 percent and Germany at 5.4 percent. In Japan's finance/insurance sector, however, the share of foreign-affiliated company employment accounted for 8.2 percent of the sector's total permanent workforce. Subsidiaries of foreign companies employ the most, at 598,657 workers, followed by sub-subsidiaries at 373,566, and Japanese branches of foreign-owned companies, at 51,218. By industry category, affiliates in the manufacturing industry employ the most, at 37.4 percent, followed closely by the wholesale, retail and restaurant sector, which accounts for 34.1 percent of the total figure for Japan."
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NAFTA, 2005.
This paper discusses the effect of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) on Mexico's economy.
1,370 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, a decade after the enactment of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) creating a borderless economy, Mexico has benefited from free trade but problems remain if it is to compete effectively with the rest of the world. The author points out that, the unemployment rate is close to zero in northern Mexico where manufacturing still is concentrated; however, manufacturing facilities are spreading out to other parts of the country. The paper stresses that, in spite of the vast improvements in the last ten years, Mexico still has some serious challenges ahead such as (1) the need to create one million new jobs each year in order to absorb the young workers entering the market and (2) smaller companies have trouble upgrading technology because of higher borrowing costs.
From the Paper
"Mexico has come a long way from the catastrophic financial crisis of 1994-1995, when millions of Mexicans were thrust into poverty and life savings were wiped out. Two million jobs were eliminated. The early days of NAFTA had failed to benefit Mexico as expected, and most of the manufacturing exports still came from the maquiladora sector along the northern border with the U.S. A corrupt and unstable political environment limited foreign investment. In January 1995, President Clinton was motivated to provide a $47 billion bailout of the Mexican economy."
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