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US Army, 2006.
A review of the challenges and hurdles of the US Army.
1,699 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the challenges facing a Second Lieutenant in the US army. The paper also discusses what lies in store for the US Army in the next 3-10 years, such as keeping abreast of technological innovations and intelligence measures, coping with potential budgetary cutbacks and declining international support for US military interventions.
From the Paper
"Bello (2005) suggests among the challenges the US army will face in upcoming years include the world's "repudiation of the massive war crime" of the US against the Iraqi people. It is important to remember that while the US acted in intentions they believe to be benevolent, this sentiment is not necessarily echoed as evidenced by the above statement universally. Many view actions by the US military and army as aggressive and carried out under false pretexts (Bello, 2005). Protests against Washington have inspired political offensives in recent years in an attempt to convince "the peoples of the world to put Iraq behind them" (Bello, 2005). Realistically speaking, given this information one may only assume that under potentially hostile conditions in some circumstances US army officials and agents in the upcoming years will have to work diligently on improving the reputation of the US army, on building relationships with foreign representatives and upholding the honorable name of the US military given a less than perfect record in some respects. The goals of members of the US army will include continuing to promote peace keeping ventures and promote democracy while facing in some circumstances potentially hostile work environments."
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"Blowback", 2007.
An analysis of the foreign policy of the United States, as described in the book "Blowback: The Costs and Consequences of American Empire" by Chalmers Johnson.
853 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the book "Blowback: The Costs and Consequences of American Empire" written in 2000 by Chalmers Johnson. The paper discusses the concepts presented in the book with regard to the United States' foreign policy, particularly its apparent policy of 'going it alone', and it comments on the consequences of this approach to politics.
From the Paper
"At times, Johnson sounds eerily precedent in his predictions of terrorism, and his discussion of the seriousness of the United States actions having the unintended consequences of stimulating terrorist attacks against America around the world. It is hard to believe this book was authored in 2000, when the World Trade Center towers still stood tall. Johnson's advocacy against the United States functioning as the world's policeman, rather than attempting to act as part of the international community, is also important advice, sadly unheard, when the United States contemplated intervening in Iraq."
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George Orwell's '1984', 2006.
A review of the history of the time and events leading up to the writing of George Orwell's book, '1984'.
1,361 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews the book '1984' by George Orwell. The paper takes a look at the current events and history of that time in which the book was written and discusses how the events that take place in the book, correlate to real life occurrences. The paper further discusses how the situation of the time influences Orwell's characters.
From the Paper
"Clearly, this echoes Stalin's purges of the 1930s where perhaps millions of individuals were arrested, imprisoned and forced to confess to crimes that they may or may not have committed. Soviet citizens were watched constantly and the smallest accusation could result in being put on trial. The only thing that the Soviet Union wasn't capable of doing was actually seeing inside people's heads. As it was, the government simply assumed that the people were guilty of crimes against the state. The purges were driven by Stalin's paranoia and fear of dissension. The same could be said of Oceania where any small disturbance could become larger and threaten the integrity of the state. Everything had to be under the control of the central government."
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The Cold War, 2006.
A review of the Cold War, the events leading up to it and what eventually transpired.
1,260 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the period from 1945 to 1992, in which the communist nations lead by the Soviet Union and the democratic nations lead by the United States were involved in a war of propaganda, diplomacy, military enforcement, arms races, and ideology known as the "Cold War".
From the Paper
"It was in 1945 that the Cold War truly began in earnest, due to a great number of events. First, the Allied forces defeated both Germany and Japan within four months, ending WWII. However, as mentioned, 1945 also saw the death of Roosevelt, the appointment of Truman, and the eviction of Prime Minister Churchill from office. Thus, of the three individuals primarily responsible for the maintenance of ties between Communist and democratic countries, only Stalin remained (Hinds and Windt, 62). Additionally, the Land Lease program, vital for the reconstruction of the Soviet Union following the war, was suddenly halted by Truman in 1945 (Gaddis, 67). Without assistance, the war ravaged country could not afford to rebuild.
However, it was with the in-war and post-war conferences between the Soviet Union, the United States, and England that the Cold War began to intensify. "
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China: The Burgeoning Superpower?, 2007.
This paper examines whether China's strength poses a threat to the United States.
2,534 words (approx. 10.1 pages), 26 sources, MLA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the beliefs that in the post-Cold War era, China has emerged as a serious threat to the United States. While some consider China a threat because of its economic success, there are others who feel that China's cultural mindset might cause problems for societies that it finds inferior to its culture. The paper contends, however, that to view China as a threat simply because its economy is growing or its military strength is increasing reveals nothing but America's deep insecurities. The paper explains that containment may be a safer option than encouragement or an open arms policy, but it will have a negative impact on US-China relations. The paper highlights the importance of avoiding an unwanted war.
From the Paper
"China has always been a fascinating subject of study for the United States and debates over whether it should be dealt with clenched fists or open arms have now engulfed the political circles in the country. What is the better way of dealing with China that is seen by many as the new strategic threat? Is containment better than engagement? (1) Scholars and politicians alike are wondering about what China's new reality is and where exactly is it headed. David M. Lampton, former president of the National Committee on U.S.-China Relations, expressed his dissatisfaction with different prevailing images of China in the US and said that "it is time to step back and look at where China is today, where it might be going, and what consequences that direction will hold for the rest of the world.""
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US Deterrence Strategies After The Cold War, 2006.
An in-depth analysis of the post Cold War US deterrence strategies.
22,206 words (approx. 88.8 pages), 74 sources, APA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the opinions of many after September 11th, that the present form of terrorism has made classical deterrence theory outdated. According to the paper transnational terrorism has totally dented conventional wisdom, which had dictated proceedings during the cold war. Similarly, rogue states all over the world, in general, and the Middle East and South Asia, in particular, have created a great deal of tension in Washington. The paper further discusses how the role of the American rival states, such as, North Korea and China and the functions and limitations of the UN Security Council have completely transformed the security structure of the sole hyper power of the world. This paper tries to elucidate the best possible deterrence strategy the United States should pursue after the cold war.
Outline:
Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of the Study
Justification of the Study
Research Design and Methodology
Collection of Data
Data Analysis and Search Tactics
Limitations of the Study
Part 2
Transnational Terrorism
The Rogue and the Rival States
The U.N. Security Council
Conclusion of This Section
Part 3
Literature Review
Classical Deterrence Theory
The End of Cold War deterrence
A New Justification
Conclusion of This Section
Part 4
The First Case Study: The Strategic Triangle (US/China/Russia)
The Sino-Russo Partnership
The US-Russian Labyrinth: A Subtle Relationship
The Source for Cooperation and Divergence
Effect of the End of Cold War
Conclusion of This Section
The Second Case Study: Deterring North Korea
US Policy on the Korean Peninsula Since 1945
The Future of the U.S. Foreign Policy on the Korean Peninsula
The Status Quo Option
The Hard-Line Option
Compromise
Early Bush Administration Policy
Conclusion
The third Case Study: Transnational Terrorism
Counter-terrorism in a Global Society
Conclusion
Part 5
Observation and Conclusion
Correcting the Strategic Gaps in the U.S. Approach to Homeland Defense Concentrating Less on Who is Responsible and More on What They Ought to be Responsible of
Planning for Higher-Probability, Lower-Consequence, and Lower-Probability, Higher-Consequence Events
From the Paper
"At the threat of generalization, one could make a case that US relations with China were greatly powered by two issues: the vicissitudes in the Sino-Russo association and--the more significant of the two--the Taiwan problem. For 30 years following the "People's Republic of China" (PRC) emergence in 1949, the United States carried on to acknowledge the adversary Chinese government (the Republic of China, or ROC) that had moved to Taiwan after trailing behind the civil conflict on the mainland. The path to ultimate US standardization with the PRC in 1979 was cemented by US President Richard Nixon, whose striking plan was to build a coalition with China--which was, at that time, in conflict with the Soviet Union--in an effort to oppose the increasing Soviet threat. However the United States, in spite of everything, maintains informal relations with the Republic of China. Certainly, under the "Taiwan Relations Act," a piece of internal US legislation, Washington is under a duty to defend Taiwan's safety and therefore carry on arms sales to the isle .
Washington's Taiwan association has bedeviled its dealings with the Republic of China from this time onwards, even more so following 1988 when Taiwan's political leadership demonstrated growing inclinations in the direction of a separatist route outside the One China state-of-affairs. All through a brief disagreement amid mainland China and Taiwan in 1996, the United States sent off two naval battle factions to the Taiwan channel to demonstrate moral cooperation for Taiwan (and maybe to gratify President Clinton's congressional associates). An unintentional war with China was hardly prevented only with the sensible removal of the US carrier Independence, at the same time as, the second carrier, the Nimitz, was still on its route as of the Mediterranean Sea. The narrow escape drove home the Republic of China's sincerity in relation to Taiwan to the Clinton management, forcing it to assume a soul-searching evaluation of Sino-US strategy. The concluding decision for Clinton's "thoroughgoing" engagement policy concerning the Chinese, which he practiced all through his second presidential tenure, was to prevent himself from being heaved into an unintentional war with China on behalf of Taiwan ."
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Economic Contact between China and The United States, 2007.
This is a study exploring American and Chinese business relationships.
3,868 words (approx. 15.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 105.95
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Abstract
This study shows the differences between ethics, culture, family history, and other factors that influence successful managers and profitable business managers. It includes a comparison of Chinese and American management, which looks at techniques at home and abroad, how managers are chosen for their positions, how they rise within the organization and what identifiable differences there are between management in private enterprise and state run organizations.
From the Paper
"We should also look at information we may be able to acquire concerning companies involved in joint ventures. This information can usually be found on the we sites of the US partner and in their in house literature which is distributed to share-holders, prospective investors and to trade publications for public relations. Certain targets emerge for study in this area: companies involved in finance, oil production, manufactured goods and other business areas where the low cost of Chinese labor or the high efficiency of US firms has been deemed beneficial to one of the two countries. A company which fits into this category would be National Oilwell, which has joint ventures with several Chinese companies and takes advantage of the low cost of labor while providing the competence of highly trained and experienced engineers, plus well machined parts which cannot currently be obtained in China."
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The Afghan Economy, 2007.
An analysis of the factors contributing to the turmoil associated with the Afghan economy.
1,918 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper investigates the current status of the Afghan economy and presents opposing views on this issue. It suggests that years of war, as well as the recent involvement of America in Afghanistan, combined with religious, political and social issues have impacted the economy of the country. The paper concludes that while there has been growth in the Afghan economy, there are many problems that threaten to stifle the further growth of the economy.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Opposing Opinions On This Issue
The Afghan Economy
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In fact in 2003 research revealed an increased dependency on poppy as a way for Afghans to survive. In addition the growing of Poppies has had the impact of increasing the amount of land rent, borrowing and marriage costs (Goodhand 2004). As a result desperate measures are taken to repay debts including absconding, and the premature marriage of daughters (Goodhand 2004). The article also explains that creditors are becoming more authoritarian in their approach, by kidnapping daughters and compulsory land purchases, to guarantee repayment (Goodhand 2004). The inability to repay debts has resulted in a great deal of conflict (Goodhand 2004). The author explains that an average accumulated debt per household of $1,835 was found through the research (Goodhand 2004). Many of the Farmers have two to six years to repay their debt. This means that many farmers are trapped in the opium economy for many years into the future (Goodhand 2004)."
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Peace and Conflict, 2007.
This paper questions if humanity can survive the 21st century and beyond.
1,032 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
The paper maintains that it has become more important than ever to understand concepts such as "peace," "conflict," "war" and "order" and how these concepts are created or sustained. The paper demonstrates how these issues have assumed new relevance and importance today as many regions of the world continue to be wracked by ethnic-inspired conflicts, violations of human rights and genocide. The paper discusses the benefits of potential research on how to promote and sustain economic and social growth without provoking conflict, thus allowing the citizens of the world to experience both peace and prosperity in the future.
Outline:
Introduction
Guiding Research Questions
Methodology
Potential Contributions of Research
From the Paper
"Consequently, some nations will use conflict as a method of eliminating these externalities by either confiscating part of the resources of a belligerent country so that the excess is minimized or, as was recently used by U.S-led coalition forces in Iraq, by modifying the political structure of the adversary, thereby achieving the same fundamental objective. Indeed, the violent furor witnessed recently over the publication of religious cartoon by a Danish newspaper is proof positive that the world is an uneasy and increasingly dangerous place where conflict and war can erupt over fundamental differences in worldviews that will simply not go away any time soon. Taken together, then, these issues have assumed critical global importance, and may in fact represent the most pressing issues facing mankind today."
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Oil, 2006.
A discussion on oil supply, foreign relations and future use in the US.
1,857 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper begins with a discussion on America's demand for oil, at any cost, to produce energy. It includes schematic representation to qualify points made. It continues to explore the correlation between America's foreign relations and its need for oil. The author also expands on the importance on planning for a replacement of oil and securing oil supply for the future.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Oil Supplies and Foreign Relations
Securing Future Energy Requirements
Conclusions
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Environmental concerns, high cost of domestically produced oil does not promise huge oil increases from domestic resources. But US will have continued access to international market. Rehabilitation of Libya in international community will allow US to import oil from this desperate for cash country. Even Russia has offered to sell Oil to America. The present panic in the oil markets is due to the uncertain political situation. It seems very likely that as soon as this crisis is over we will perhaps once again discard our search for increased domestic supplies and go back to the business as usual of relying on cheap supplies from the Gulf."
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The Cost of Power, 2006.
An analysis of the violent conflicts in China and Guatemala during the Cold War.
3,582 words (approx. 14.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 100.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes the political structure, power struggles and the historical conditions that let to violent confrontations in China and Guatemala during the Cold War. The paper poses the following questions -Why did violent conflicts take place in these countries and what led to the formation of centralized power in both states? The paper further questions why participants followed some of the obviously unjust and harmful state policies. The paper concludes with an analysis of how the Cold War shaped people's lives and beliefs in these two countries.
Outline:
Introduction
Questions
Thesis
Internal
External
Political Strategies
Violent Confrontation
Conclusion
Works Cited
From the Paper
"Given their long history of military rule, the Cold War provided another perfect justification for Guatemalan authorities to continue their brutalization of the population, and their abuse of power. Ambitious politicians had powerful incentives to use ethnicity as a way to justify their own power-seeking plans and legitimize their rule. When power struggles were fierce, authorities portrayed other ethnicities as a threatening force in order to boost their in-group solidarity and further consolidate their own political positions. These leaders did not hesitate to do whatever was necessary to get and to keep power."
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The European Union, 2005.
This paper explores the origins and expansion of the European Union (EU).
2,490 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the most noteworthy benefits of joining the EU, which the expansion of the EU would magnify, are the free movement of goods, services, people and capital; stable price structures and internal and external security as well as improved social conditions, employment prospects and industrial conditions for the citizens of member nations. The author contends that the desire of Eastern Europe to become a bigger part of the EU can hurt the EU because of the corruption, crime and poverty in Eastern Europe, which was created with the fall of communism in the 1990s. The paper relates that the old members of the EU are limiting the benefits to which new EU members are entitled and are moving toward a more selective membership into the EU as exemplified by the case of Turkey, which is discussed at length in this paper.
Table of Contents:
Birth of the European Union
The Pros of the Expansion of the EU
Cons of EU Expansion
Restrictive Admission to the EU
The Future Expansion of the EU-Experts Speak Out
Closing Thoughts on the EU
From the Paper
"Because of Europe's history of war and destruction throughout the late 1800's into the mid 1900s, many European leaders believed that the best way to secure a lasting peace throughout Europe was to create an economic and political bond between her nations. In 1950, it was proposed that the coal and steel industries of Western Europe be united. In response, the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) was formed in 1951 by Belgium, West Germany, Luxembourg, France, Italy and the Netherlands. Because of the success of the ECSC, its member nations formed the European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM) and the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1957, with a goal of creating a common market (Europa-EU at a Glance). "
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The European Union, 2006.
A discussion of the European Union and the difficulties of unifying diverse countries.
1,603 words (approx. 6.4 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 52.95
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Abstract
The paper addresses the founding of the European Union and its organizations. The paper discusses how different theories of international relations view political events in vastly different ways. The paper specifically examines the standard schools of thought (realist, liberalist, and feminist) regarding these international organizations, regarding their opinion on EU developments. The paper analyzes how diversity has given the region much of its culture and heritage, but it is now faced with the task of finding a method of coexisting under a federation of states in the EU. The paper concludes that despite the "growing pains" created by the tension between different states and varying degrees of cooperation among these states, the EU has evolved quickly into an effective and influential organization.
From the Paper
"Realists see regional organizations like the EU as "a gathering of sovereign states" all acting in their own self-interest and perpetually in conflict with the other states (McCormick 1999, p. 10). These conflicts, say realists, may be delayed, purposely set aside, or even settled, but each state will continue to operate within its borders under its own authority. Realism sees the state as a member of the international organization only because such membership is the most viable method of state survival in the global system (ibid.)."
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Genocide, 2006.
A discussion of the history of genocide and its implications.
1,977 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the history of genocide in the world. It discusses specific examples of genocide and gendercide throughout history - focusing on when and where they took place, as well as details of how and why they were carried out. It also discusses law that have been established with regards to acts of genocide.
From the Paper
" One of the most notorious modern acts of gendercide and genocide in the world occurred in the Bosnian silver-mining town, called Srebrenica, in July 1995 (Jones 2001). The events in this town were the culmination of the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina, the most vicious genocidal battleground in the Balkans conflict. This conflict started in 1992 and was characterized by large-scale genocidal and gendercidal acts. The Balkans is a major mountain range in Southeast Europe spanning 563 kilometers from Yugoslavia through central Bulgaria to the Black Sea. Bosnia is a region in the northern part of Herzegovina, while Herzegovina is the region in the southern part. The Serbs were the settlers in Bosnia in the seventh century until it became independent in the 12th century. It came under the control of Turkey in 1463 along with Herzegovina until the latter's conquest by the Austro-Hungarian Empire after 1878 and the addition of Bosnia in 1908. After World War II, Bosnia and Herzegovina united to form a constituent republic of Yugoslavia, which existed from 1946 to 1991."
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Historical View of Australia, 2006.
This paper discusses the history of Australia in order to understand the country's economic, strategic and political stance of the twentieth century.
2,363 words (approx. 9.5 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 72.95
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Abstract
This paper elucidates on the history of Australia highlighting the challenges and how the country was able to curb them in a successful manner. Australia's relations with the United States during the twentieth century, the Australian monetary system, the Commonwealth Bank and the problem of Australian national debt are looked into for a better understanding of the economic, strategic and political stance in the twentieth century. The success of the Australian Commonwealth bank is analyzed as being the prime success of the Australian economy, while the problem of national debt is looked at as a major crisis occurring in the otherwise glorious century in Australian history. Following is a comprehensive analysis that acquaints the reader with the weaknesses and strengths of Australia.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Historical Background
Australia and United States Relationship in the Twentieth Century
The Commonwealth Bank and Australian Monetary System
Central Bank 1920-60
Downside of Australia: Constitutional Crisis of 1975 and Problem of National Debt:
Role of USA in Resolving the Crisis:
Issue of National Debt
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The new federation quickly moved towards the institutionalization of its economic and socio-political and industrial revampment for the perusal of prosperity. What followed was governance that gained popularity for its liberal legislation.
Australia immediately instituted high protective tariffs in order to restrain competition to Australian infant industry. This gave a major head start to the Australian industrial development, a form of supplementation for the infant industry to develop without facing any unhealthy competitions until its ready for the world market. In the next two decades many important enactments were ratified. Most notably, Pacific Island Laborer's Act 1901, Immigration restriction Act 1901, Commonwealth Franchise Act 1902, Judiciary Act 1903, Conciliation and Arbitration Act 1904, Supreme Court Ordinance no. 9 of 1911, Commonwealth Electoral Act 1924 and Belfour Declaration 1926. In fact, the two decades of legal formulation serve as a milestone of Australian development as an industry, society, government and economy. The Laborer's Act of 1901 was enacted to deport a vast majority of the Pacific Islanders by December 1907."
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