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The History of Printing in Ancient China, 2008.
An analysis of the history of printing during the Tang Dynasty and the Sung Dynasty in Ancient China and its relationship to Buddhism and Confucianism.
1,726 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper shows the important role that Buddhism and Confucianism played in the development of printing. It then shows the important role that printing played in the development and history of these two religions. The paper particularly discusses the history of printing from the time of the Tang Dynasty and the Sung Dynasty in Ancient China.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The Very Beginning of Printing - Tang Dynasty (618-906)
Reasons why Printing was Invented - Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty
The Diamond Sutra
Buddhist and Confucian Books Printed in the Sung Dynasty
Importance of Printing to Buddhism and Confucianism
Commercial Uses for Printing
Conclusion
From the Paper
"As has been shown above, the Ancient Chinese were the first to develop printing, during the Tang Dynasty and the Sung Dynasty. The main reason they did this was because printing was needed to produce and distribute more religious texts. In particular, Buddhist texts were the reason why early printing was developed. Printing then made possible the production of the first complete Buddhist canon. So, it must have been very important in spreading and developing Buddhism in China. Although printing was soon used for commercial applications, it continued to be important for religious literature. During the Sung Dynasty, it was used to produce Confucian books. Thanks to the invention of printing, a fair amount of early religious works still exist today."
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Philip of Macedon, 2008.
This paper explains how Philip of Macedon changed the course of history.
815 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 29.95
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Abstract
This paper argues that Philip of Macedon changed history in two significant ways. The paper relates that he used guile and diplomacy to preserve Macedonia in the face of constant threats from its enemies and also turned Macedonia's army into a fearsome fighting force. The paper further explains that this would allow Macedonia to eventually lay waste to its enemies, would end the predominance of the Greeks and Thracians and would give his Philip's son, Alexander, the tools he needed to be an imperial power. The paper shows how without Philip, many history-changing events could not have happened.
From the Paper
"To begin with, Philip changed the course of history by saving his nation from the brink of destruction through diplomacy. To wit, when he ascended the throne in 359 BC, Macedonia was ringed by hostile peoples - the Thracians, Illyrians and various Greek colonies - and had just been humbled by the Illyrians on the field of battle. At the same time, Paeonia was independent of Macedonian control and rival claimants to the throne of Macedon were challenging his rule, emboldened by the support they were receiving from foreign powers (History of Macedonia.org, 2003)."
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Algeria: From Independence to Civil War, 2008.
This paper argues that Algeria's war for independence (1954) ultimately led to its civil war (1990s).
1,125 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the Algerian civil war that began in 1991 and extended until 2002 with the defeat of various Islamic fundamentalist groups by the secular government and its forces. The paper argues that the roots of the civil war in the 1990s can be found in the country's war of independence from the French that began in the mid 1950s and ended in 1962. The paper concludes by showing how all the conditions that led to the civil war's outbreak in the early 1990s are still present today.
From the Paper
"As so much of international conflict throughout history, the political, social, and economic instability that led to civil war in Algeria during the early 1990s has its roots both in its colonial past as well as in its struggle for independence. Algeria gained its independence from France in 1962 but this independence is estimated to have cost the country more than 300k killed while other estimates have placed the number much higher at more than 1m individuals killed due to its armed struggle against France. France struggled mightily to retain its Algerian colony even in the face of increasingly national and global trends for colonial powers to relinquish control of former colonies. Much of the instability that manifested itself during the late 1980s and early 1990s that led to civil war can be traced to the war for independence against the French which actually lasted over a period of 8 years."
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The Watts Riot, 2008.
This paper looks at the racial violence in Los Angeles in the 1960s.
1,454 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the events and occurrences that led up to the Watts riot. This includes the urban decline in the inner city, racially biased highway construction, preferential suburban housing developments for whites and racial segregation in communities and schools. The paper shows how the Watts riot was an inevitable outcome of this racial, social, and economic divide that plagued Los Angeles and the rest of the country in the 1960s.
Outline:
Introduction
The Watts Riot
Urban Decline
Highway Construction
Suburban Development
Racial Segregation
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In the 1960s, civil unrest was anything but uncommon, from the women's movement to the Chicano movement, to the "Black power" uprising, each group claiming rights that they were entitled to, but had never sought so vigorously before. In Los Angeles, California, this civil awareness eventually escalated in the form of a riot that would send shockwaves across the country, the Watts Riot of 1965.
"The events and occurrences leading up to the riot are many including such things as urban decline in the inner city, racially biased highway construction, preferential suburban housing developments for whites, and racial segregation in communities and schools."
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The Industrial Revolution, 2008.
Looks at the impact of the Industrial Revolution.
1,455 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the industrial revolution affected the entire world and that the enormity of its impact involves technological, cultural, economic and political changes. The paper then uses symbolic interactionism to study these phenomena, which was comprised of three revolutions. The paper stresses that the key to the industrial revolution was energy, which was essential for all machines. The paper concludes that the impact of the industrial revolution is very similar to the force society currently is experiencing, which is called globalization.
From the Paper
'As a result of the industrial revolution, the costs of food production were substantially reduced. Crop yields initially were increased through the development of farm machinery and then later through the introduction of various chemicals. The industrial revolution introduced a tremendous diversity of choices in terms of products and services. Service industries grew up, among which were the oil companies. Delivery of food and other goods was then facilitated through the construction of highways specially designed for the rapid transport of materials.'
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The Separatist Movement in Quebec, 2008.
A historical review of the separatist movement in Quebec focusing on whether progress is being made towards peaceful co-existence within Canada.
2,260 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
This paper states that, no matter what anyone does, the separatist issue in Quebec is never satisfactorily resolved and simply goes on being a bone of contention. The paper goes on to review the origins of the "Quebec issue" and identify the unique set of historical conditions from which the issue developed. The author of the paper argues that the British did all they could to set the stage for peaceful co-existence between Anglophones and Francophones in Canada; however, a sector of Quebecers has remained persistently opposed to peaceful co-operation and has kept alive the spirit of separatism.
From the Paper
"The Quebec Act, which was passed by the British Parliament in 1774, has justifiably been called statesmanlike. Certainly, it seems to have been a determined effort to deal in a just way with the unique circumstances in Quebec. It was also an inspired reply to the complex question the British government faced: "What would be a good law for a former French community, cut off from France, united to England, a close neighbor of American colonies, and now infiltrated with Englishmen and Americans?""
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The Presidency of George H. W. Bush, 2008.
An analysis of the success and failure of the presidency of George H. W. Bush.
2,170 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
This paper examines some of the major events during George H. W. Bush's presidency. The paper analyzes his accomplishments during his presidency and explains that his influence was such that it is at times difficult to remember that he was only a one-term president. In fact, some of the events that took place during his presidency, as well as his response to them, are still having an effect today. The paper concludes that President George Herbert Walker Bush is an intriguing blend of both success and failure. The paper suggests that though his military actions were swift and apparently successful in terms of accomplishing certain set goals, they were not significant in reducing the overall problems in either Panama or Iraq.
Outline:
Major Events
Panama Invasion
The Savings and Loan Bailout Scandal
The Americans with Disabilities Act
The Collapse of the Soviet Union
Persian Gulf War
Success or Failure?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Even before Bush's presidency, Manuel Noriega was considered a serious problem. The Reagan administration had attempted to provide Noriega with aid for the Contras, which he then used to send illegal drugs into the United States (Childress 83). In addition, Noriega had already been found to be involved in money laundering for the considerable drug trade that went through Panama. Finally, this dictator was considered guilty of many human rights violations of his country's people. According to Ryan J. Barilleaux and Mark Rozell, George Bush himself expressed the desire to see Noriega removed from his position, in May 1989 and, for the reasons mentioned above, the American public favored his overthrow (28)."
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"Revisiting America" Through the Eyes of Susan Wyle, 2008.
A review of the book "Revisiting America" by Susan Wyle.
1,090 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at Susan Wyle's book "Revisiting America". The paper explains that this book is a collection of stories of national treasure and bound together through her love of teaching, writing and desire to understand the implications of American History on our world today. The paper examines how Wyle uses a historical context to look at issues such as race, culture and conflict through the memories of people whose lives history sculpted. The paper also points out that each story calls for tolerance when dealing with ethnic differences in a way no other has seemed to be able to do. In conclusion, the paper shows that Susan Wyle, through her methods of teaching, has brought all her readers into her think tank and enlightened many.
From the Paper
"Another example of how Wyle (2004) demonstrates the commonality between all human beings is through minority groups. Although minority groups preserve their culture they also process the broader culture of their host country--in this case America. Take the immigration of the Irish. Although they left their country behind they brought with them their language, their religious beliefs, their culture specific foods and beverages and their music--by migrating to America the Irish brought their culture and became interdependent with the host culture of America."
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The Cuban Missile Crisis: The Unsung Leadership of Khrushchev, 2008.
An in-depth argumentitive report on the Cuban Missile Crisis and its implications as a result of the interactions between Kruschev and JFK.
1,379 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses the importance of the challenges that arose between Kruschev and Kennedy during the Cuban Missile Crisis and the result of their actions and decisions.The paper endeavours to portray Kruschev as the person responsible for easing tensions in the area and not being responsible for causing the Cuban missile crisis and further shows that, in fact, as a result of Kennedy's actions in the area, Kruschev had no option but to assist Cuba as he did. The paper appends relevant source material.
From the Paper
"Those who want to rescue Khrushchev's reputation from the dustbin of history frequently note that the Soviet Premier was every bit as responsible in his thinking as was Kennedy during the height of the crisis and, in many respects, even before it began. For instance, whatever his failings, it was not Khrushchev who stepped up surreptitious assaults against Castro, launched the ill-fated Bay of Pigs invasion - those were all things initiated by the Kennedy Administration. Further, the aggressive American build-up under Kennedy was understandably worrisome for the Soviet Leader, who had to watch this unfold fully cognizant of the fact that NATO had missiles pointed at the heart of the Soviet Union from nearby Turkey (Meyer, 113). Seen in that light, Khrushchev's secretive military support of Castro during the summer and fall of 1962 was entirely understandable - even if he erred in deploying missiles by stealth to the tiny island. More significantly, Kennedy's clandestine and not-so-clandestine efforts to unseat Castro surely raised tensions between the Soviet Union and America inasmuch as the US President had to have known on some level that the Soviets would feel compelled to protect the embattled Cuban leader from US efforts to kill him. All in all, the blame for the escalation of the crisis prior to mid-October of 1962 cannot solely, maybe not even mostly, laid at the feet of Nikita Khrushchev."
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A Rugged Individualist, 2008.
This paper looks at Thomas Paine as a rugged individualist.
962 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer explains that rugged individualism can be defined as a belief that all individuals can succeed on their own with very little help from government. The writer notes that Herbert Hoover's administration was a proponent of rugged individualism possibly to the detriment of the country, as the stock market crash of 1929 and the Great Depression took place during Hoover's presidency. The paper then demonstrates why Paine was a rugged individualist through examination of his writings, "Common Sense" and "American Crisis". The writer maintains that one can take the creating of the American Constitution as a call from a rugged individualist to separate man from government while bringing him into an interdependent relationship with government. The writer concludes that this type of involvement with government and rugged individualism is different than the Hoover Administration's definition of government and rugged individualism.
Outline:
Definition
Introduction
Analysis
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The rugged individualism that Paine was defining called for lack of government oppression not lack of government. The constant increase in taxes and rules of movement and trade were suffocating the Colonists to a point where they developed hate for government and in relation to getting English rule out of the Colonies they became rugged individualist. But when the Colonist talked of the government they would create it was an interdependent government and the rugged individualist fervor was not part of the Constitution."
"History shows that even before Paine's "Common Sense' pamphlet came out there were strong sentiments in blaming the British for the sufferings of the colonies. "Common Sense" sharpened this focus and placed direct responsibility onto King George III."
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Divergent Patterns of Agricultural Productivity, 2008.
An analysis of the reasons behind the divergent path phenomena of agricultural productivity growth in France and England.
2,573 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper explain the divergent patterns of agricultural productivity growth in France and England. The paper looks at different labor practices, preferences for rural over urban activity and the ability to engage in agriculture given what is provided by the country's geographical landscape. It uses these factors to explain the reasons behind the divergent path phenomena of agricultural productivity growth.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
1900 Agricultural Outlook: France versus England
Pre-1900s: An Early State of Equal Agricultural Activity
Agrarian Transformation and Industrialization
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Meanwhile, England embraced industrialization and urbanization. In the early 1700s, England was far from such industrialization, and there was "little economic growth in Britain in the second half of the eighteenth century" (Mokyr 81-2). When the Industrial Revolution eventually did arrive in England, it did not represent, contrary to popular thought, "a macroeconomic event that led to a sudden acceleration of the rate of growth, although growth eventually became an inevitable corollary" (ibid 82). On the other hand, it represented more of a "wave of gadgets" sweeping over Britain post-1760, which allowed goods to be produced more efficiently and at a higher quality (ibid). It also represented, depending on one's opinion, either the trigger for raised living standards or the signaling of lowered living standards for England (Nardinelli). Agricultural growth was certainly part of this revolution. Many scholars cite one of the main features of the Industrial Revolution as a movement from inorganic to organic materials (E.A. Wrigley, 1987 cited in Mokyr 83). Other important developments were increases in using machinery as labor power, something agricultural England embraced as France selected to retain its human labor pool as its primary agricultural power source. While the French farmers worked on the crops and fields with hand tools, machines in England became commonplace agricultural tools (ibid)."
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Film: "The Queen", 2008.
Analyzes the film "The Queen", directed by Stephen Frears.
2,665 words (approx. 10.7 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 80.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the film "The Queen" is an intimate and often shocking portrayal of the Royal Family as it faces the great crisis of the death of Princess Diana. The author believes that film is very much like a Shakespearean play, especially "Hamlet". The paper relates that the entire focus of this film is the conflict between what Diana represented and what the monarchy actually is. The author concludes that, even though the Queen is depicted in the most human and ordinary way, the final emphasis is on her determination and personal power to meet the almost impossible challenge of modernizing the monarchy.
From the Paper
"The second part of the film takes place two months after the funeral of Diana. Referring to the monarchy, the Queen asks Blair if he believes the affection that people feel for this institution will be diminished because of Diana's death and the Royal Family's behavior during that time. Blair replies that he does not feel that people's attitudes will be negative. It is clear during this private conservation with Blair that the Queen intends to be in control. She wants information but not in the form of advice."
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The Seven Years War and the Quebecois Identity, 2008.
Examines the historical development of the Quebecois identity especially the period after the Seven Years War, also known as the French and Indian War.
1,260 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper explains the phenomenon of the Quebecois linguistic and political identity and the deep and complex divisions between Anglophone and Francophone cultures, which have existed from the very founding of both the English and French colonies in North America in the early 1600s. The author describes the period following the end of the Seven Years War (1756-1763), which was one of the earliest phases in the evolution of the uniquely Quebecois identity and arguably the most significant because it solidified this cultural distinctiveness. The paper relates that this war, which was disastrous for France and French possessions in the New World, marked the end of New France and the beginning of the intensification of the Quebec identity as it conceived of itself in opposition to its new and unwelcome English government.
From the Paper
"On the heels of France's defeat, Britain entered into an abortive policy of assimilation of its French subjects in Canada; however, resistance on the part of French Canadians brought this policy to an end with the Quebec Act (1774), by which the people of Quebec obtained their first Charter of Rights, paving way for additional recognition of their language and culture. From a political standpoint, the Act permitted French Canadians to preserve French civil law; thus it was doubly influential in the development of a distinct Quebecois identity."
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Reconstruction as a National Phenomenon, 2008.
An examination of the ways that important aspects of US Reconstruction legislation were national in their implications.
1,108 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how the politics of Reconstruction did have a nationwide impact which has changed the nature of our government up till the present day. In particular, the paper looks at the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments and the Civil Rights Act of 1875 and their national implications.
From the Paper
"By the late 1870s, the varied patchwork of legislation, armed force, and partisan compromises that was Reconstruction had petered out, and Southern whites began to reassert their dominance, bringing an ambiguous end to this phase of history. While unquestionably impacting the lives of Southerners tremendously, the politics of Reconstruction did have a nationwide impact which has changed the nature of our government up till the present day. By the power of Constitutional amendments such as the 14th and 15th, and precedent-setting legislation such as the first Civil Rights Act, the Federal government vastly extended its reach and influence, asserting its power to override state laws and even to replace state governments seen to be failing to follow Constitutional requirements. The ongoing tension between states' rights and the Federal government continues to generate strong political controversies even today."
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George W. Bush's Presidency, 2008.
An analysis of the failing of the presidency of George W. Bush, focusing on the war of terror.
2,453 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the presidency of George W. Bush, focusing on his failings, particularly with regard to the war on terror. The paper argues that Bush has proven himself to be an ineffective leader, but that his leadership failings are due to the extraordinary events that happened during his tenure. The paper suggests that in calmer times, he may well have been an unremarkable, adequate president.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
The War on Terror
Patriot Act
Antagonizing Secular Society
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Bush is a poor leader, and his presidency will be remembered for his ineffective handling of Iraq and American civil liberties. He has bungled a war, compromised his people's freedom, and created rifts within his own society. Even if he is not a deliberately treacherous individual, he is a menace to his country. He was not up to the job. It can only be hoped that in the future the Republican Party will forward a smarter, tougher, and more imaginative candidate.
"And yet, there is also the lingering anxiety that George W. Bush was not chosen because he had the capacity to be a strong president. Just like his father's Vice-President, Dan Quayle, Bush does not seem to have been chosen because he would be good at his job. Part of this suspicion is hinged on the bizarre fact that George W. was chosen to succeed his father in campaigning for the presidency. For one thing, George W. was a bad student in school, had a scanty political history, and was generally not much of a man to begin with. On the other hand, brother Jeb Bush is a career politician and regarded as intelligent."
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