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The Physical Environment of Iran, 2006.
This paper discusses the impact of human activity on the environment in Iran.
1,385 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that Iranian population continues to increase at a rapid rate because of the establishment of public health preventive services, which have significantly reduced maternal mortality and raised life expectancy at birth. The author points out that, as the population increases wildly, Iran fails to address its environmental crises and now faces deforestation and desertification of its arid areas, over-fishing of lakes and rivers, industrial and urban waste, continued destruction of wetlands and reservoirs and pollution of the Persian and Caspian Seas by spilling chemicals and oils into them. The paper states that Iran must phase out leaded gasoline, require its people to use catalytic converters, assume a serious long-term approach in environmental protection and focus their direction on developing gas fields and reducing dependence on oil, not only to reduce pollution but also to diversify and strengthen its economy.
From the Paper
"Poisonous carbon emissions in Iran have steadily increased in the last two decades by 240% since 1980 or from 33.1 million metric tons in 1980 to 80.8 million metric tons in 2000. The uncontrollable growth of the population has clearly meant an increased and constantly increasing number of cars. The volume of automobile exhaust in Iran alone constitutes 1.3% of the world's total of carbon emissions. While Iran's carbon emissions are lower compared with those in the United States and other industrialized or developed countries, its rampant use of leaded gasoline and the volume of cars without catalytic converters account for the massive levels of carbon monoxide in Iran's urban areas."
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Selling Medical Supplies in Mozambique, 2006.
This paper is a marketing analysis of the selling of medical supplies in Mozambique.
2,120 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in addition to an acute incidence of AIDS, the local disease situation including bubonic plague, cholera, dengue fever, hepatitis A, malaria, meningitis, schistosomiasis and typhoid fever, presents an increased opportunity for selling medical supplies in Africa's Mozambique. The author points out that Mozambique's severe, generalized AIDS epidemic handicapped by a meager health infrastructure, pockets of population concentration and increased economic contact with adjacent nations with HIV prevalence rates. The paper relates that, although the National Health System (NHS), which is the primary service provider of allopathic service in Mozambique, faces extremely limited human and material resources, the NHS has managed to enhance the coverage of the health system since the last decade through an increase in the health facility infrastructure and health sector staff.
From the Paper
"While entering Africa's anti-AIDS drug market the company has to be considered as the top performer in the Black Economic Empowerment -- BEEE in South Africa and its expansion into the remaining region of Africa is backed by the SA Health Minister Manto Tshabalala Msimang. The new sector of trade and investment into Africa will render a crucial boost to the SA Black business that believes it has a hard task breaking into the white business world. The health minister stated that the local production of the anti-retroviral HIV treatment drugs which is being backed by the World Health Program must be seen in the context of the "regional" meaning of the African continent."
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Wilderness Camping, 2005.
This paper discusses the requirements of wilderness camping on the Tahoe Rim Trail on the ridge tops of the Sierra Nevada mountains along the shores of Lake Tahoe.
1,100 words (approx. 4.4 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, as long as the camper takes a few precautions, the Tahoe Rim Trail is an excellent location for experiencing wilderness camping and having a wonderful camping adventure. The author points out that, for most of the trail's route, there are no established campgrounds; therefore, campers must follow the U.S Forest Service's (USFS) guidelines for "dispersed camping" along the trail, which means campers can choose a campsite anywhere along the trail, but the site must be within 300 feet on either side of the trail and should not be within 200 feet of a water source. The paper gives instructions for avoiding bear activity along the Trail and watching out for rattlesnakes.
From the Paper
"Clearly, wilderness camping such as that along the Tahoe Rim Trail depends on successful planning before the hike. If campers are planning to hike the entire trail, they will need to plan on carrying enough food and water for the entire trip, which can run into quite a bit of supplies. They can replenish water in some of campgrounds along the way, and there are some water sources along the trail. If water from these sources is used, campers should carry a portable water purification system. Campers should never drink unfiltered or purified water from natural sources. Food will be a major part of the planning effort, and a major portion of the weight carried on the trip."
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Day Care in China, 2006.
Research on opening a day care center in China.
1,314 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper offers an inconclusive overview of what is needed of a foreigner to China to open a day care center within China. The author offers general geographical information on China and its population. The paper also explores rules, law and regulations that may apply when opening a day care center as a foreigner.
From the Paper
"Questions that one should ask when considering opening a day care in China include: What are the rules and regulations for opening a business in China? Are there available properties that will suite ones needs? Who will my customers be? What rates are currently being charged for day care in China? What supplies will be needed, can these supplies be purchased in china, or will they need to be imported? What will the hours of operation be? What certifications are needed if any? Is there a market for day care in this area?
The above questions are just a few of the questions that need to be answered before one can establish a daycare. "
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Community Profile, 2006.
A discussion on the communities of Brooklyn and Queens in New York.
850 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
This paper gives a cross section on Brooklyn, discussing physical location, population per square mile, household income and racial census. The author explores crime in both Brooklyn and Queens and reasons for its decreasing rates.
From the Paper
"Crime rates in Brooklyn have decreased over the past years. In a period of 10 years from 1993 to 2003 the crime rates in Brooklyn dropped by a huge 63 percent. The total reported incidents were only 44,648 while in 1993 this figure was way above 80,000. A mega change was seen in the motor vehicle theft rates that fell by about 44 percent thus forming only 33 percent of the total crimes committed. Its crime index is approximately 19 crimes per 1000 inhabitants which is much lower that the entire city's crime index being at about 29 crimes. In a study in the year 1998 it was observed that 2 percent of a 15 year old black or African American is likely to get killed before he reaches 45 (U.S. Bureau of the Census). "
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Cuba, 2005.
This paper is an extensive literature review of the economic and political history of Cuba with emphasis on Castro.
20,010 words (approx. 80.0 pages), 41 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Cuban Missile Crisis remains one of the primary reasons why Castro is held at arm's length by the U.S. government even as other parts of the world have ceased being Communist-led or have sought some accommodation with the U.S. and achieved it. The author points out that the economy of Cuba has continued to deteriorate because Cuba was less able to get international assistance when the Soviet Union changed and was pressured by the United States to remove troops and other personnel from Cuba. The paper concludes that, for all the speculation made by various commentators, the form a post-Castro Cuba will take is unknown because the circumstances of the transition are not known, meaning whether Castro will be removed by death or by some other means, who will be his immediate successor and whether there will be any violence involved in the transition. Many quotations.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Background
History
U.S. Response
The Hawk's Cay Conference
Latin America
Florida
The Cuban Economy
The Promise of Castro
Cuba after Castro
Future of U.S. Policy
Projections into the Future
Discussion
From the Paper
"The people reacted to poor economic conditions in 1994 by rioting in the capital. Even more Cubans now tried to reach the United States, producing a crisis so that President Clinton had to take steps to stop them. This produced a crisis in the U.S. as many in the Cuban community here objected. What the Clinton Administration did was to change the rules concerning the admittance and rejection of refugees from Cuba. The first of these changes is that Cubans who have been in detention camps in the Guantanamo Bay Naval Base will be admitted to the United States over the next few years. This comes after several denials that those refugees would ever be allowed into the country."
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The City State of Genoa (900-1550 AD), 2005.
This paper discusses the history of Genoa, a seaport in northwestern Italy, which emerged as an important Italian city-state in the Middle Ages.
2,140 words (approx. 8.6 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, being hemmed in by a mountainous hinterland and not having many natural resources, Genoa chose to use sea trade as its vehicle to prosperity. The author points out that it cleverly used its participation in the First Crusade against the Saracens to win trade concessions from the Christian principalities and to dominate the major international trade routes between Europe and the East as a "middle man" in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea areas. The paper relates that its ultimate eclipse as an independent trading nation was due to internal feuding and its prolonged conflict with the other Italian maritime city-states of Venice and Pisa.
Table of Contents
Significance of Genoa's Geography
Relations with Foreign Powers
Early Trading
Genoa's Role in the First Crusade
Trade Routes
Genoese Trade with the Ottomans
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Genoa, therefore, became an important port city mainly as a result of its geography. But while looking to expand its possessions further the city-state faced several constraints. The Alps and Alpennines to the north meant that there was little scope of expansion inland. The area had little mineral resources and limited flat land for agriculture or pasture for animals. Fishing was not a lucrative option due to the sudden drop in the ocean beds from the coastline. Although it had access into Lombardy through a high road, beyond the valleys of Polcevera and Bisagno, lay the greater power of Milan precluding any ambitions of further advancement."
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The Economy of India, 2005.
This paper discusses that India exhibits great promise in terms of economic growth and presence in the international community.
935 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that India has a consistent increase in its GDP, the economy is steadily growing, foreign investors have shown confidence in India's economic infrastructure and indigenous products are found in abundance. The author points out that, on the other hand, unemployment is rampant, corruption in political and economic circles is inexorable and poverty is a pervasive issue. The paper concludes that, despite all its problems, independent India is a much better place than occupied India was under British rulers, who were neither more intelligent nor savvier when it came to social and economic matters and did not care about the local people.
From the Paper
"The government is inefficient and incapable of dealing with rising poverty and unemployment. This is mainly grounded in government's denial of actual economic and social conditions of the country. It appears that either the government officials are completely unaware of the situation in the country or they are hell-bent on ignoring the truth that's staring them in the face. This is clear from following statement of former Prime Minister Rao when he began one of his speeches by "delineating the social structures into three segments.""
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The Quabbin Resevoir, 2006.
A geological and historical overview of the Quabbin Reservoir near Boston.
1,430 words (approx. 5.7 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 47.95
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Abstract
This paper studies the Quabbin Reservoir, located sixty-five miles west of Boston, Massachusetts. The paper traces the history and geological construction of the reservoir, beginning in 1939. The paper also examines the reservoir's structural benefits and its ability to supply water to the entire city of Boston. Other aspects studied by the paper include the reservoir's management by various state and local authorities, public access to the reservoir, and predictions for the future of the Quabbin.
From the Paper
"There is a long history of cooperation among those agencies concerned with the Ware River watershed, including the Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, the Army Corps of Engineers, and the MA Department of Environmental Management, now the DCR Division of State Parks and Recreation (Executive pp). Maintained, visible boundaries protect the integrity of property, provide a frame of reference for policing and monitoring, and provide essential proof when a dispute or encroachment occurs (Executive pp). The number of MDC Rangers assigned to the Quabbin - Ware River watersheds has grown since 1996 from one to seven, and ranger patrols include pro-active surveillance of DCR/DWSP controlled lands with emphasis on popular access locations around the Ware River watershed (Executive pp). Presently, Watershed Rangers spend an average of 16-20 hours per week covering responsibilities on the Ware River watershed (Executive pp). The DCR has care and control of approximately 57 miles of gravel access road and numerous miles of non-gravel road on the Ware River (Executive pp). Activities that are dependent upon a good access road system include fire protection, forest management, water sampling, research, and ranger patrols (Executive pp). The DCR fire policy, in conjunction with better coordination between DCR, the Division of State Parks Recreation, and local fire departments, has improved fire response time and suppression efforts, and provides assistance to the local fire departments as directed by the local fire chief, usually for mop up operations (Executive pp). At present, twenty-three DCR employees are certified and available to participate in fire suppression operations (Executive pp)."
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Rainforests, 2006.
An analysis of environmental challenges in Central and South America.
2,050 words (approx. 8.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
For several decades, many Americans have been aware that the rainforests of Central and South America are shrinking as well as the fact that the lost of significant amounts of rainforest could well have a negative effect on the entire world as well as the immediate areas in and near the former forests. This paper examines how the environmental issue of rainforest loss, with its accompanying soil erosion, contamination of the water table and loss of biodiversity, is caused by many factors that interplay with each other.
Outline
Introduction
Deforestation
Cultural Contributions
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Consideration of humankind's impact on the rainforests should begin with the people who have the longest histories there. The indigenous peoples of these rainforest lived for millennia without doing unrecoverable ecological damage (Barnham & Coomes, 1997), even though "slash and burn" farming was a traditional way of life. In "slash and burn" agriculture, the people simply cut down the wooded area and/or burn the vegetation off so they can use the land for their own agricultural purposes (Morrison, 2001). When these groups of people farmed in this manner, however, they moved on to new areas when the land became depleted. Gradually, the rainforest reclaimed the disused farmland, reducing the impact of this farming approach (Morrison, 2001). "
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Human Geography, 2006.
An overview of the topic of human geography.
1,457 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
Geography, as a science, has two main branches--physical geography and human geography. This paper examines how, while physical geography deals with all aspects related to the environment, human geography handles much more sensitive issues, such as how the human being, as an individual and in a group, blends into the environment he lives in and how certain processes develop within such a group. It also looks at how more specifically, human geography is concerned with such aspects as political, economical, social or demographic geography, anything related to human activity and evolvement in a geographic context.
From the Paper
"In terms of social geography as part of human geography, perhaps no other book exemplifies the traditional human relations and traditions still existing in Gabon, part of Western Africa, nowadays. If we consider Africa and Gabon, as an integrant part of the African continent, we may point out towards three separate historical periods that determine local cultural geography. These are pre-colonial, colonial and post-colonial .
One of the characteristics of African culture, including Gabonese traditions, is the fact that while historically and temporarily, the countries of Africa belong to the 21st century, in many cases, the tribal traditions have persisted in many regions and these clearly belong to pre-colonial times."
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Future Wars of the Middle East, 2006.
A research paper exploring the possibility of a future breakout of war in the Middle East and North Africa due to the scarcity of water throughout the region.
20,838 words (approx. 83.4 pages), 48 sources, MLA, $ 249.95
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Abstract
This dissertation presents a case study of the possibility of future wars throughout the Middle East and North Africa due to water scarcity and limited water resources presently being experienced in that region. The paper starts by revealing the gravity of the situation by showing the present statistics surrounding the problem of water scarcity throughout the world. Thereafter, the paper highlights the importance of water in the national economy. From then on, the paper discusses the present situation of water scarcity in the Middle East by noting the present available resources of water in the Middle East. Lastly, the paper highlights the reason underlying possible future water wars in the Middle East and North Africa. The paper concludes by briefly analyzing the findings and assessing possible variables and alternative scenarios that might be adapted by the Middle East and North African states to avert war.
Table of Contents
Abstracts
Synopsis
Introduction
The Importance of the Availability of Water
Presently Available Water Resources in the Middle East
The Conflict in the Future
Hypothesis
Review of Related Literature
Methodology
Collection of Data
Data Analysis and Search Tactics
Limitations of the Study
Findings
Geographic Location
Regional Tension, Disharmony and Centuries of Conflict
Vague International and National Laws
Population Explosion
Increase Demand and Decrease Supply
Pollution
Water Exploitation Methods
Economic Growth in the Middle East
Border Conflicts
The Domestic Situation and Regional Conflicts
Assessment of Expected Variables
Conclusion
From the Paper
"At present, as mentioned above, approximately 40% of the world's population is dealing with the scarcity of water. In fact, hundreds and thousands of humans travel all year long in search of water. They live their lives like nomads and remain in one place until they have utilized the water resources. While, this picture is very noticeable in the Middle East countries, more and more countries are joining the listing of such countries. Experts fear that if the present situation is not given the due attention, then by the middle of this century, almost 65% of the world's population will be confronting water scarcity and famine (Steve Lonergan, 1996). The gravity of the situation in the Middle East can be gauged from the fact that in the mid 1990's almost 8 countries from this region fell below the international standards of "absolute water scarcity," while many others had been on the brink of falling below the redline (Robert Engelman and Pamela LeRoy, 1993). This situation occurs when the yearly per capita fresh water accessibility of a nation drops below 500 cubic meters. These 8 countries in the Middle East faced inbuilt problems and difficulties of water scarcity that severely threatened the public healthcare structure, as well as, hindered the growth and development of the socio-economic system. To add to the difficulty, these regions have one of the highest population growth rates in the world. One does not have to be a rocket scientist to determine the fate of countries if their water resources come to a stand still while their population is rapidly growing at the rate of more than 3 percent (Ashok Swain, 1996)."
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Water Resource Management, 2005.
This paper discusses extensively the utilization of environmental information for water resource management of the Emirate of Abu-Dhabi.
11,805 words (approx. 47.2 pages), 36 sources, MLA, $ 229.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, to understand the importance of water resource management, environmentalists must understand the importance of the geography and political structure of Abu Dhabi, one of seven Emirates in the United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.), which is a feudal society with absolute power in the hands of the Sheikh and his ministers, located on the Arabian Peninsula. The author points out that the region has a fragile ecosystem, which already shows the effects from oil exploration, transportation and processing. The paper stresses that water is a precious commodity in the desert and every country in the region is actively investigating the options to make the best and most effective use of this commodity. Many charts, diagrams and illustrations.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Conventional and Unconventional Water Sources
Importance of Water Resource Management
From the Paper
"Environmental protection groups and governments are constantly engaged in a struggle to critically identify the measures that can be taken to protect and save the environment. The need to develop a consistent tool that can be used universally by all countries is increasingly being stressed upon. One such tool is the Environmental Sustainability Index (ESI). A product of the World Economic Forum, the ESI has been created to measure countries based on a wide-ranging and comprehensive set of factors that are designed to 'rank' to country. In reality, many of the issues and the concerns that are displayed in the ESI relate more to the concerns of the Western's more developed nations and many of the developing countries around the world feel pressurized to maintain standards that are not ideal for their situation."
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Democratic Republic of Congo, 2005.
This paper discusses the geography, including the history and economy, of the Democratic Republic of Congo.
1,675 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Democratic Republic of Congo, formerly known as Zaire, has been plagued with ethnic turmoil and civil war, exacerbated by the massive influx of refugees from Rwanda and Burundi, which has reduced a once prospering country into a state of turmoil. The author points out that there are over 200 African ethnic groups in the Democratic Republic of Congo of which the majority of these are Bantu. The paper explains that the U.N.'s Human Development Index (HDI), which is a composite of human development indicators, such as longevity, knowledge and education, and economic measurements, is a better system of determining living standards than the GDP alone; Democratic Republic of Congo ranks very near the bottom. Many graphs and charts.
Table of Contents
Democratic Republic of Congo Background
Introduction
Geographic Placement
Ethnic Composition of the Democratic Republic of Congo
Religious Composition of the Democratic Republic of Congo
Colonial History of the Democratic Republic of Congo
Form of Government for the Democratic Republic of Congo
Main Sources of Economic Activity
Structure of the Economy of Democratic Republic of Congo
Economic Background
Nominal and Real GDP Per Capita for the Previous 10 Years, in US$
Nominal and Real GDP Per Capita for the Previous 10 Years, in LCU
Comparison of Two Graphs
Life Expectancy
Adult Literacy Rate
Primary School Enrollment Rate
Human Development Index (HDI)
HDI Formula
HDI Versus GDP
5 Obstacles to Economic Development in the Past 5 Years
Actions that Could be Taken to Overcome These Challenges
From the Paper
"Currently the country is under a dictatorship and is presumably transitioning towards a representative government; however, this has yet to be realized. A 500-member transitional National Assembly, along with a 120-member Senate was installed in July of 2003. These members were drawn from groups that signed the Pretoria Accord in December 2002. Elections were scheduled to be held in June of 2005; however, these are not likely to take place. Instead, it is likely that the transitional government will remain in place until the early part of 2006. President Joseph Kabila heads this transitional government. The transitional government includes an executive president, four vice-presidents, and a cabinet that is drawn from five armed groups, the unarmed political opposition, civil society, and the previous government of Joseph Kabila."
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Wines of Hungary, 2006.
An overview of the Hungarian wine regions and industry.
750 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
The Arabian writer, Ibn-Rostech, mentions Hungarian vine growing in his 10th century chronicle. This paper examines the regions in Hungary where wine is successfully grown and manufactured. It discusses the different wines which grow in specific regions.
From the Paper
"The Valley of Mor runs between the Vertes and the Bakony mountains, and is the home of the Ezerjo, where the climate is cooler than average, mild winters, and long summer days (Hungarian1 pp). Vine varieties include Ezerjo, Rizlingszilvani, Leanyka, and Chardonnay (Hungarian1 pp). The climate in the Mecsekalja region, where vines have been grown for some 2,000 years, is sub-Mediterranean, sheltered from the north wind, hot summers with lots of sunshine, and mild winters, producing varieties that are full-bodied and high in sugar, and include Cirfandli, Italian Riesling, Chardonnay, and Furmint (Hungarian1 pp)."
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