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"Anthills of the Savannah", 2004.
An analysis of the novel "Anthills of the Savannah" by Chinua Achebe.
1,053 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the book "Anthills of the Savannah" written by Chinua Achebe, that explores the conflicts associated with cultural change. The paper explores the formation of a new independent state and the issues that arise in the process. The paper includes an overview of the larger political issues that exist, as well as the conflicts that arise for individuals in the new state.
From the Paper
"The Nigerian Civil War began when the Igbo tribe, which was Achebe's tribe, separated from the three other ethnic groups in Nigeria and formed their own independent state known as Biafra. Years of conflict followed as Nigeria tried to reclaim the state of Biafra. The conflict eventually ended after Nigerian armed forces killed over two million Biafrans. Anthills of the Savannah deals specifically with the formation of a new independent state and the conflicts that are associated with this. Folorunso (91) describes this saying that the book deals with "the recession of humanism caused by several years of military intervention in the nation's politics." This shows that even though the military officially ended the independent state of Biafra, there were conflicts within that contributed to its fall. It is these conflicts that are the basis for Achebe's novel."
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International Intervention, 2005.
This paper discusses the legal and political aspects of international intervention, particularly in the case of Somalia and Mozambique.
1,470 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that international intervention is justified in the case of incidents of systematic abuse of human right or genocide such as in Cambodia and Rwanda; suppression of the clearly represented will of the majority such as the case in Haiti; control of the civilian mass by warlords and criminal gangs such as in Somalia and Liberia and illegitimate and inhuman use of power by one side or the other at the time of a civil war involving ethnic or religious self-determination. The author points out that the United Nations is the best agency to provide legitimacy to intervention; the Security Council obtains its power to intervene in disputed situations from the Chapter 7 of the United Nations Charter. The paper states that military intervention is more effective when deployed in the circumstances of a continuing political peace process.
From the Paper
"Against this backdrop, it is quite possible to probe into the reasons for the failure of the intervention in Somalia and the effectiveness of the interventions in Mozambique. In case of Somalia a total degeneration of the state structures has been noticed and this has resulted in a circumstance where different clans struggled to attain the authority in absence of the central government. In the Mozambique the emerged civil war between Resistencia Nacional Macambicana (Renamo) and the Frente de Libertacao de Mocambiue (Frelimo) demonstrated a traditional illustration of the conflict where the very occurrence of the government was the basic reasons of the conflict, thereby necessitating intervention by an outsider to become the only mode of attaining the peaceful and negotiated settlement to the conflict. The international community attempted to intervene in the civil war for maintenance of normalcy and peace through the establishment of UN Operation in Somalia or Unosom2. Similarly the cessation of disputes and for conducting of elections for a democratic government is overseen by the establishment of the UN Operation in Mozambique or Onumoz."
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"The Emergence of an American Ethnic Pattern", 2004.
An analysis of "The Emergence of an American Ethnic Pattern" by Nathan Glazer.
722 words (approx. 2.9 pages), 0 sources, $ 25.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Nathan Glazer's "The Emergence of an American Ethnic Pattern". The paper explains Glazer's opinion that affirmative action is creating a 'tribal' America. The paper contends that rather than a cohesive American identity, Glazer argues that Americans are becoming increasingly identified with their personal racial, religious and ethnic differences. The paper disagrees with Glazer's views and states that affirmative action acknowledges a historical past that cannot be ignored when creating the future and also offers a potential vision of a new America, based upon a vision of a beautiful, pluralistic mosaic of identity.
From the Paper
"True, civil rights and voting rights have remedied some of the abuses codified in American law. Still, the social ramifications of the legal disenfranchisement of African Americans, Indian Americans, and other disenfranchised groups still exist with these once legally discriminated against communities. The social actions of lynching, local laws discriminating against Chinese and Catholic Americans, the denial of land rights to American Indians, and other social abuses still have long-standing social effects that do not disappear as the words of the 'Jim Crow' laws disappeared from the law books of the South. Discrimination today exists, even if it is not in law, it does in fact and common, often unspoken practice."
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Kashmir, 2005.
A discussion about the roots of the conflict over the Kashmir region.
1,401 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
The issue of whether the region of Kashmir should be an independent state, part of India, or part of Pakistan, has been a source of serious conflict ever since India and Pakistan were partitioned into two different countries in 1947. This paper explains that, when that partition occurred, the two new countries were divided along largely religious lines: Most residents of the new country of India was Hindi, while most residents of the new country of Pakistan were Muslim. The writer points out that Kashmir, however, did not have any one dominant religion that could guide its destiny. The issue of who should govern Kashmir has been a source of contention and three wars since 1947 along with persistent border disputes.
From the Paper
"Some see the recent inclusion of Kashmir leaders in peace talks as one of the events most likely to help stabilize the region (Hardgrave, 1998), as in the past the Kashmiri desires have been ignored except when one side or another has attempted to manipulate them for their own goals. Some, however, believe that it is too soon to be optimistic, that 18 months of peace does not mean the underlying issues have dissipated (Kumar M., 2005). It seems likely that the region's best chance for a lasting peace is to continue to include Kashmiri leaders as active participants in any peace negotiations (Hardgrave, 1998)."
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Eastern and Western Marriages, 2004.
A comparative analysis of marriage rituals and customs in North America and Asia.
1,001 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
Given the basic differences between the Asian and North American cultures, this paper provides a comparative analysis of the different practices and beliefs in marriage in the American, Malaysian and Japanese contexts. Moreover, the paper also delves into the occurrence of both hybridization and persistent exclusivity of prevalent cultures in these societies (American, Malaysian and Japanese). The paper contends that in effect, marriage rituals are characterized as dynamically developing to include or allow social changes that happen in terms of looking for a potential domestic partner.
From the Paper
"One important aspect of these numerous distinctions is the differences in marriage rituals among peoples of the Eastern from the Western cultures. Take as an example the differences in the marriage practices between North American and Asian nations: the latter are considered as subsisting to more elaborate and implicitly meaningful ceremonies while cultures in Western societies are often considered as straightforward and practical. Furthermore, religion plays a vital role in strengthening marriage practices among Asian cultures, while it plays minor significance for those who had been assimilated with North American norms on marriage and domestic partnership."
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Diversity in the Workplace, 2005.
This paper is a sexual harassment case study which demonstrates the value of diversity in the workplace.
990 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that one might assume that the more varied the workforce population, the more opportunities for misunderstanding in the workplace; however, in a more varied workplace population, employees are much more likely to be tolerant of and more willing to understand each other. The author points out that, when a workforce lacks diversity, managers and other key organizational representatives fail to put into place diversity training programs that recognize the cultural and ethical differences of minority people. The paper concludes that sexual harassment is one example of a problem that might be mitigated by a more diverse workforce and that the case supports the argument that diversity might facilitate more understanding and tolerance in the workplace.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Case Analysis
From the Paper
"In this particular situation, one employee approached his manager because he felt that a co-worker was sexually harassing him. "John" claims that "Jessica" the new employee on the line, physically abused him on more than one occasion. When asked to describe what exactly happened, John stated that every time he bumped into Jessica in the mornings, she would come up to him, give him a hug and pat him on the shoulders. John, a happily married father of three, thought that the woman might be coming onto him. Upon closer examination however, the manager in question realized that Jessica was from a traditional Thai family that has just moved to the states a few years ago. She always greeted everyone she knew with a hug, and even sometimes offered a kiss on the cheek. Her actions were anything but sexual harassment, however since John was unaccustomed to any similar advances from employees, he felt the woman was out of line."
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Australia, 2004.
An analysis of the issues of race and ethnicity in Australia.
1,494 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses how the concepts of race and ethnicity perpetuate inequality in Australian society. The paper presents a brief history of race relations in Australia. The paper contends that race and ethnicity have long been at the core of inequality in Australian society. The paper explains that for many decades, race and ethnicity have been used to exclude certain Australians from mainstream society.
Outline
Introduction
Race, Ethnicity and Inequality in Australia
Literature Review
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Like many other nations, Australia was colonized by white settlers, who forcibly removed Aboriginal people from the lands they inhabited for centuries. In Australia, colonization brought the slaughter of millions of Aboriginal people. According to a book entitled, Race, Colour and Identity In Australia and New Zealand, the remnants of colonization have brought about many years of racial hostilities and tension in Australia. The book asserts that on the postcolonial era many have conceded that there is a need for reconciliation I Australia. The book asserts that such reconciliation involves "coming to terms with a history and the continuing legacy of oppression, dispossession, discrimination, forced assimilation, of attempted genocide (Docker & Fischer)." "
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Multiculturalism and Diversity Training, 2005.
A look at the increased attention multiculturalism and diversity training have drawn in the world of psychology.
3,517 words (approx. 14.1 pages), 16 sources, APA, $ 98.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how multiculturalism and diversity training developed within the realm of psychology. The paper encompasses succinct definitions and histories of multiculturalism and diversity training and explains that they were created in an effort to explain that the behaviors observed in individuals must, in some ways, be attributed to their cultural backgrounds. The paper also focuses on diversity training and its usefulness in the work place.
Introduction
Multiculturalism and Diversity Training
Diversity Training
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Harris (1999) explains that multiculturalism also encompasses sexual orientation, gender and alternative lifestyles (lifestyles that are separate from traditional American Values) (Harris 1999). Because our society is composed of people who differ greatly in terms of race ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation and lifestyles there is a constant battle over what is acceptable in mainstream society (Harris 1999, Hinz 1996)."
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Past Prejudice and Life Satisfaction, 2005.
This paper discusses the relationship between past prejudice, racism and discrimination and life satisfaction in African-Americans.
10,005 words (approx. 40.0 pages), 47 sources, APA, $ 202.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that racism has long term effects, which can impact directly the life satisfaction of African-Americans; life satisfaction is an assessment of overall conditions of existence as derived from a comparison of an individual's aspirations to his or her actual achievements. The author identifies six main types of discrimination: 1) Historical/persistent prejudice, 2) social paranoia, 3) persistent prejudice pain, 4) discrimination denials, 5) historical fear, and 6) historical bias. This paper explains that, throughout history, the color of a person's skin and other physical characteristics provided a means for easy classification.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Prevalence
What is Prejudice?
Slavery
Racial Inequalities
Is It Genetic or a Learned Behavior?
Long-Term Effects of Prejudice
The O.J. Simpson Trial
The Burning of Black Churches
Six Types of Discrimination
Life Satisfaction
Adult Life Satisfaction - Terms and Concepts
African Americans and Life Satisfaction
Relationship between Black Identity Development and Life Satisfaction
Research Question
From the Paper
"The American justice system prides itself for being color blind, yet more than half of the prison population is made up of black men or women, accounting for one million individuals in prison. African Americans make up only fourteen percent of all drug users in America, yet constitute thirty-five percent of all drug arrests, fifty-five percent of all drug convictions, and seventy-five percent of all drug admissions for drug offences. Statistically, more than eight out of every ten African Americans males will be arrested at some point in their lives. The pattern of racial bias in these statistics has been confirmed by the research of the US Commission on Civil Rights. Marable (2000) believes that racial stereotypes among African Americans as violent, aggressive, hostile, and short-tempered influence white judgments about crime. It is commonly believed that judges are inclined to give black and Latino defendants more severe judgments of guilt and lengthier prison sentences than whites who commit identical crimes."
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| Term Paper # 61975 |
temporarily unavailable
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Female Circumcision and Conflict Resolution, 2005.
A research proposal which addresses the issue of female circumcision and conflict resolution.
2,578 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper proposes to study the reasons behind the practice of female circumcision and the true magnitude of the problem. It also provides a review of the literature that deals with this issue. The paper explains that a study will then be conducted by the researcher in the African country of Kenya that will provide information relevant to the topic and what can be done to stop this practice from continuing to take place.
From the Paper
"The practice of female circumcision still goes on in Africa and other areas of the world. It is most prevalent in African countries such as Somalia, Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, and Yemen, among others (Djibouti, 2005). There are various reasons why this ritual circumcision takes place, and there are three different types of circumcisions that are performed, depending on the tribal laws and regulations that are accepted in a particular region. It is important here to discuss these types, why this practice still exists, what - if anything - is being done to stop it, and what can be done to change things so that the practice no longer takes place. The main point of conflict for this particular practice is that there is a debate regarding the individual rights of the women versus the tribal identity that they have."
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Effective Counseling, 2005.
An investigation into methods of counseling that are most effective within the context of cross-cultural counseling.
1,657 words (approx. 6.6 pages), 12 sources, APA, $ 53.95
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Abstract
This paper conducts an observational and investigational analysis of what the critical factors are that determine an effective cross-cultural counseling relationship. More specifically, the researcher attempts to investigate the following question: "What method of counseling is most effective in enabling a counselor to build rapport and trust in a cross cultural context." The researcher conducts a comprehensive review of the literature available on cross cultural counseling and counseling competencies in order to determine what factors may impact the counseling relationship with particular regard to cross-cultural relationships.
Abstract
Introduction
Significance of the Study
Hypothesis
Method
Literature Review
Results
Discussion
From the Paper
"According to research the most important aspect of cross-cultural counseling that needs to be examined is how a practice is conceptualized(Bogo, George & Tsang, 2003). Traditional counseling methods are often defined as "ethnocentric" even though the client base that many practitioners work from is ethno culturally diverse in nature (McNeill, Horn & Perez, 1995). Many practitioners unfortunately still believe that ethnicity is not a dimension of identity, but rather see it as a client characteristic, thus their practices do not work to embrace ethnic identity as an experience to be shared by all parties involved in the counseling process (Bogo, George & Tsang, 2003)."
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Human Rights, 2005.
This paper discusses the concept of human rights, which has its origin in the moral philosophies of Aristotle and the Stoic philosophers.
1,725 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the theory of human rights has broadened in concept over the centuries; its contemporary form includes securing for individuals the necessary economic, political and social conditions required to lead a minimally good life regardless of their caste, color, nationality, religion or gender. The author points out that, despite some objections raised mostly by people with vested interests to the doctrine of human rights, most people around the world are in agreement that human rights should not only be respected but also be promoted actively. The paper relates that frequent human rights violations are still taking place around the world, as witnessed in Darfur (Sudan) and Abu Gharib (Iraq).
Table of Contents
Historical Origins and Development
Three Generations of Human Rights and its Current Concept
Objections to Human Rights & Their Rebuttal
The Moral Relativists' Argument
Do Human Rights Intrude on State Sovereignty?
Religious Objections
What are the Consequences of Disregarding Human Rights?
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The theory of human rights is based on the doctrine of "moral universalism" first put forward by Aristotle and Stoics. In "Nicomachean Ethics," Aristotle presents his argument in support of the existence of "a natural moral order" and opines that such a "natural" order should be the basis for all truly rational systems of justice. This concept of moral universalism implies that morality is not dependant on social and historical conditions and applies to all human beings regardless of place and time, and forms the basis of human rights. Roman Stoic philosophers such as Cicero and Seneca, also supported 'moral universalism' and argued that all moral laws originated in the rational will of God and the authority of such moral law transcended all local legal codes. Christianity, which emerged later, maintained the belief of a universal moral code in the ensuing centuries."
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"The Bread Givers", 2004.
A review of the book "The Bread Givers" written by Anzia Yezierska.
1,124 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Anzia Yezierska's book, "The Bread Givers", depicting the chronicles of the Smolinsky family, Jewish immigrants to the United States in the 1930s. The paper examines how the themes of the novel underline that the American nation as a whole must give up conventional notions of America as a land of boundless opportunity and recognize the sacrifices of culture, life and limb that immigrants make to become a part of the American fabric.
From the Paper
"The profound cultural shift the Smolinsky family endures is shown early on in the book, whereby the narrator bridles at the control wielded by her father over the family. The Smolinsky women struggle to keep the family economically afloat and to support the scholarly activities of the father. However, this older, European model of the torah-reading scholar supported by the labor of others is really not sustainable in America. In America, money matters more than learning, and there is no wealthy Jewish community or patrons or network of financial support and stability to keep the man in the style that would be customary in Europe. Although the Smolinsky patriarch may wish to keep alive the study habits, support of charities, and manner of life that would be practical, once, in a European Jewish community, in his perhaps equally idealized version of old Europe, he cannot in America. His determination to do so makes life hard for his daughters, and causes Sara to turn away from him first in her heart, and then to seek a new life."
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| Term Paper # 61712 |
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