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The Mohave and the Chemehuevi, 2006.
This paper compares the histories and cultures of the Mohave and Chemehuevi Indian tribes.
3,507 words (approx. 14.0 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 98.95
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Abstract
This well-researched paper details the cultures and history of two Indian tribes that have historically inhabited the Mohave Desert in California. This paper contains in-depth research into the social organization, economy, customs and religion of the Mohave and Chemehuevi tribes. In 1776 the Chemehuevi Indians began to migrate from Nevada, Utah and Arizona to California due to conflicts with the Yuman Indians, who were living in the area next to theirs. A 1604 expedition in search of silver led New Mexico governor Don Juan Onate through Mohaves territory, but it was not until 1775 that Fray Francisco Garces became the first white man to meet the Mohaves.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
History of the Chemehuevi
History of the Mohave Indians
Social Organizations
Customs
Economy
Religion
Interaction with Other Tribes
Conclusion
References
From the Paper
"These reservations are administered by different sovereign tribal governments under two separate legal jurisdictions. These governments were created and recognized by the Indian Reorganization Act of 1934, and the tribal-council form of government that was adopted at the time does not separate the functions of the administration, the legislature, and the judiciary. However, both governments operate civil and criminal courts that protect and assert their legal jurisdiction on the reservations over their own members. Mohave tribal identity in both reservation communities remains strong, although the pattern of intermarriage with other tribes that began in the early 1900s and a trend toward intermarriage with other races that began in the 1960s continue to challenge and change individual concepts of identity as well as the community's sense of itself."
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"The Last of the Mohicans", 2005.
This paper discusses the rejection of miscegenation, inter-racial marriage, in James Fenimore Cooper's 1826 novel "The Last of the Mohicans".
1,715 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that James Fenimore Cooper's "The Last of the Mohicans" has two romantic plots: (1) Duncan Heyward's quest for Alice and (2) Cora's struggle between Uncas and Magua, which is foiled thus promoting purity of the white race. The author explains that white women who were forced into marriages with Indian men, were no longer considered white, but rather Indian, which clearly set boundaries between the two civilizations, thereby rejecting any sort of miscegenation. The paper relates that Cooper further demonstrates his detesting of miscegenation with his graphic description of the massacre at Fort William Henry.
From the Paper
"The hint of African blood that Cora has explains her affinity for Indians as well as her unacceptable sexuality (to white men, i.e. Heyward). Since Indians are of a darker color, they would be more likely to find a woman of darker color more attractive. The "impurity" in Cora's blood is supposed to represent what Cooper would have thought of as a moral impurity. This meaning that her conception was immoral; or that blacks should not have sexual relations with whites. Cooper, however, did not want readers to think that Cora was morally flawed in any way. If she were morally flawed, her loving, self-reliant, and overall protagonist
character would not be realistic."
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The Environmental Justice Movement, 2005.
This paper discusses the environmental justice movement, a relatively new force on the American political scene.
755 words (approx. 3.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 26.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) defines environmental justice as the fair treatment for people of all races, cultures and incomes regarding the development of environmental laws, regulations and policies. The author stresses that the citing of hazardous waste sites and polluting industries in minority communities is an insidious form of environmental racism. The paper examines the landmark study "Toxic Waste and Race in the United States", commissioned by United Church of Christ, which revealed that race was the most significant variable associated with the location of hazardous waste sites.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Procedural Inequity
Geographical Inequity
Social Inequity
From the Paper
"The town of Kettleman City is the site of a toxic waste dump built in 1979 by Chem Waste Incorporated. The community is predominately Mexican farm workers. During the public hearing and permitting phase of the project, Chem Waste and county authorities scheduled meetings to be held thirty-five miles away, conducted the proceeding in English only and did not provide translations of the environmental impact survey. The dump, while in operation received 200,000 tons of toxic material annually, resulting in numerous maladies of those unfortunate enough to live nearby."
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Pain, 2006.
This in-depth paper details the results of both focus groups and clinical studies which provide a framework for clinicians to better understand and treat pain, based on the race and ethnicity of the patient.
6,093 words (approx. 24.4 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 143.95
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Abstract
This well-researched, two-part paper examines the cause, effect and treatment of self-reported pain in patients of varying ethnicities and cultures. When healthcare providers are faced with patients who are experiencing pain, there may be a number of confounding factors that serve to constrain developing an effective treatment modality, including the clinician's own cultural bias, prejudice or ignorance. This in-depth research paper identifies the cultural factors that play a role in influencing healthcare providers' decisions to medicate patients based on their ethnicity. The writer of this paper also details which, if any, cultural influences within the patients themselves may serve to constrain their ability to adequately communicate their respective levels of pain in self-reports. This paper details the various focus groups and clinical studies and their results which provide a framework for clinicians to better understand the treatment of pain based on the race and ethnicity of the patient.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Part One: Development of a Pain Assessment Tool Relevant to Clinical Background.
Epidemiology of Pain
Ecological Perspective
Developmental/Temporal Perspective
Epidemiology Measures
General Pain Assessment Tool Considerations
Part Two: Application of Assessment Tool
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper
"Although pain is a virtually universal phenomenon, it is also a highly subjective experience that is characterized by a wide range of epidemiological considerations that will vary according to the individual, of course, but the cultural setting within which the pain management experience takes place as well. In the increasingly multicultural society that characterizes the United Kingdom today, clinicians are hard-pressed to understand the complex relationship of how organic processes interrelate with cultural factors that may be unapparent or unknown to them. Furthermore, compounding the problem of developing an effective pain assessment tool that can be used across-the-board is the fact that occupational, socioeconomic, psychosocial, and possibly geographic, cultural, and cohort differences, as well as differences in lifestyle risk factors such as smoking may be so powerful for pain management purposes that the influences of other factors such as age and gender are difficult to identify."
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The Glass Ceiling, 2005.
This paper discusses issues of the glass ceiling, a theoretical level beyond which women and minorities are unable to advance in the workplace.
1,850 words (approx. 7.4 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that major signs of the existence of glass ceilings are that (1) virtually all women have lower mean incomes when compared to their male counterparts and (2) most minority men earn less than non-Hispanic, white men with the same education at the same occupational level. The author points out that specific company actions to avoid being the target of a potential lawsuit are using the neutral systems of merit or seniority based pay and focusing their strategic business plans on achieving workforce diversity. The paper stresses that, to break down the glass ceiling, employers should realize that they need the input of women and minorities in their businesses to better address the changing consumer markets, workplace demographics and competition in today's economy.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Background
Pertinent Employment Laws
Recommendations
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Further, Redwood lists internal structural barriers and business barriers such as: Outreach and recruitment practices that do not reach or recruit women and minorities; corporate climates that alienate and isolate; pipeline barriers that restrict career growth because of poor training, inadequate mentoring, biased rating and testing systems; few or no internal communication networks; limited rotational job assignments that lead to the executive suite and institutional rigidity that deny the fragile family and work balance. Often, qualified people are denied from reaching their full potential because they do not have access to mentoring, developmental assignments, training, and other career enhancing activities."
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Cultural Diversity, 2006.
This paper stresses the importance of introducing and instituting a more defined multicultural and diverse curriculum into the present school system.
2,832 words (approx. 11.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 84.95
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Abstract
The writer of this paper discusses the need for a more expanded and defined multicultural curriculum in present classroom settings. This paper explores the various teaching styles and approaches that need to be introduced in order to present different cultures and nationalities, including: Films, plays, biographies and other forms of literature. An additional style includes having students participate in joint activities which improves inter-group relations amongst different cultures. When students do things together they have opportunities to judge people on their own merits rather than on stereotypes. The writer contends that today's educators need not only support but the relevant teaching tools to deal with cultural diversity in the classroom. This paper also examines the various approaches available that will help decrease the differences amongst minorities in the classroom.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
What to Teach
How to Teach
References
From the Paper
"In our institutions we have diverse classrooms. Students having an alike cultural heritage do not mean that they are all similar. They may dress alike or they might be bond in a systems compelling them to do things like others however if the are provided the chance, most of the high school students will disclose their dissimilarities. The main thing is to provide them a chance. Now taking into account these factors it is a challenge for the teacher to be able enough to effectively distinguish and value the aesthetic ways that students feel free to express themselves and to effectively take advantage of their actions, words, or habits to argue on issue of diversity."
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Cross-Cultural Medical Care, 2005.
This paper discusses the problems and suggestions for improving cross-cultural medical care.
1,540 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, in clinics and emergency rooms across the country, the beliefs and practices of other cultures are on a collision course with Western medicine, which frustrates caregivers, who should use diplomacy to better handle these situations and to educate their patients. The author suggests that caregivers investigate their patient's' racial, cultural, economic and linguistic background by asking such questions as: "Was it difficult for you to adjust to the United States?" and "How do people in your culture go about solving problems such as yours?" The paper summarizes that accessibility to public health, awareness of cultural differences and the ability to effectively communicate will keep America's tapestry of diverse cultures healthy.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Public Health Accessibility
Cultural Assessment
Communication and Interpreters
From the Paper
"Whenever patients feel limited in using the English language, it comforts them to use their mother tongue. They tend to feel less inhibited in expressing themselves. Speaking their native language also helps them to get in touch with their emotions. That is why doctors and nurses frequently will ask for translation assistance if they do not speak a patient's language. A medical professional can also carefully observe body language and non-verbal cues to get a sense of the patient's condition.In obtaining translation assistance, one should employ a health care coworker or interpreter to translate, rather than use a family member or children."
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Xenophobia and the German People, 2006.
This paper explores the reasons behind Germany's tendency towards xenophobia and the government's plan to change the nation's attitude.
1,959 words (approx. 7.8 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper describes Germany, an active member of the European Union, as one of eastern Europe's richest and most populous nations, yet the country still has a major problem with its citizen's tendency toward xenophobia. This paper examines the history of Germany which was the only group of tribal people that were never conquered by the Romans. So much of western thought, the system of law and government as well as our view of the world is still marked by the influence of ancient Greco-Roman culture, which would explain why Germany may not have this same mindset. The writer of this paper details the differences between today's Germany and that of the middle ages and the 19th century. The concerns of the native Germans during those periods extended to the influx of the Jewish people and the anti-Christian activities of the Gypsies. This paper discusses the various strategies and methods being utilized by the government to combat xenophobia in Germany and improve the country's image around the world.
From the Paper
"Rome still may have contained the migration of the Germans if the now powerful Roman Catholic Church did not declare Arian Christianity Heresy and begin to burn its adherents at the stake. From that point on, the German people never were entirely comfortable with the Roman Papacy. The German tribes were not conquered during Rome's time of greatest influence, and only were brought into the world of non-Arian Catholicism by ruse. It is possible because of this separation; there existed a sense of difference between the people of Germany and almost everyone else who inhabited Europe through the time of Charlemagne and the Middle Ages. The Internet site, Alien Travel guide tells us that Ancient tribes such as the Franks, the Goths, the Teutons and the Vandals once inhabited the region of Germany."
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Social Urbanization, 2006.
This paper analyzes the social urbanization of America for the past 150 years, focusing primarily on Los Angeles, CA.
1,337 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the various methods of studying urbanization which include community formation and the process of urbanization. This paper also discusses advanced computer software programs that reveal concise developing patterns and complex sciences such as chaos and fragile theory which tell about the inner workings of cities. This paper describes how the emergence of new living patterns are a direct response to technology, modes of transportation and individual preferences. For more than 100 years urban theorists have contended that the balance of forces between white and black and male and female is a natural condition, yet this paper proves why this is no longer true. The writer focuses on the urbanization of L.A. which is more fragmented than most other multicultural municipalities due to its large Hispanic population. This paper also touches on the introduction of Islam into the African-American community and the resulting impact.
From the Paper
"Since 1966, and the theories of Jane Jacobs and post-modern urbanists, urbanists view the city as a living organism--one whose many cycles can be captured better on film then by a static plan. Indeed computer programs that reveal developing patterns and complex sciences, such as chaos and fragile theory, tell us much more about how cities really work than the old mechanic models of modern architects. An excellent candidate for such a study would be that complex, unexplainable entity known as Los Angeles. According to a United Nations report published in 1992, more than one million refugees migrated around the globe--compared to a World War II high of 16 million."
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The Russian Experience in the U.S., 2006.
This well-researched paper examines the Russian immigration to America which dates back to 1720.
4,710 words (approx. 18.8 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 121.95
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Abstract
This in-depth paper details the Russian immigration to the U.S. which began in 1720 with Vitus Bering. This paper describes the mitigating factors that pushed many Russians over the years to leave their homeland in pursuit of a better life, including religious persecution and communism. The writer of this paper describes the various religions and ethnicities within Russia and the Commonwealth of Independent States. This paper chronicles the rich cultural heritage the immigrants brought with them to the U.S. particularly in theater, ballet, dance and music. Also discussed in this paper is the extreme prejudice subjected on immigrants during the 1950s, the age of McCarthyism. This paper contains facts and information pertaining to the various waves of immigration from the late 1880s to the early 1920s. This paper also details how well the Russian community at present has adapted to life in the U.S. in regards to employment, education, language and political beliefs.
From the Paper
"The linguistic transition is more difficult for older immigrants, especially those who remain in enclaves where there is a significant population of others who speak the same language. Younger immigrants are more adept at learning a new language since their natural ability to assimilate a new language is higher at their age. In addition, the cultural influences that surround them and peer pressure act as a powerful impetus to learn English. The globalization of the economy presents a greater opportunity for those who are bilingual, creating jobs that they are uniquely qualified for."
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Americans: A Multicultural Race, 2006.
A survey of opinions advocating or opposing the promotion of multiculturalism and diversity in American culture.
1,382 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
The paper contrasts the views of those who classify Americans as individuals united by a common culture and those who classify them as members of distinct ethnic groups. The paper provides numerous citations for each viewpoint, and analyzes their differences. In conclusion, the writer warns that an overemphasis on differences between groups of Americans could threaten the bond of unity between people who are bound together as Americans.
From the Paper
"The rise of the new concept of multiculturalism seems to be rooted in the civil rights movement, according to some, and was a necessary mindset in the black community for the establishment of ethnic pride and the encouragement of a "mentality of closing ranks." (Cornel West, Diverse New World, p. 49.) West faults multiculturalists for "...refusing to recognize the thoroughly hybrid culture of almost every culture we have ever discovered." He extrapolates that in embracing a radical view of multiculturalism, proponents are creating a "mirror image of the Eurocentric racism they condemn." (Op. cit., p. 48.)"
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Traditional Healing in Native Canadian Indians, 2006.
An overview of the medical and social problems faced by Native Indians and suggestions of how to deal with some of these problems.
2,004 words (approx. 8.0 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 63.95
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Abstract
The paper briefly explains the history of Canadian Indians. The writer details the pattern of death and the main diseases that affect the Canadian Indians, including lifestyle related diseases, infectious diseases and the increased number of violent deaths. The paper discusses the high rate of drug abuse, and suicides found in this group of people. The writer explains that most articles written about these issues suggest the need to increase income, education and social opportunities for Indian youth and adolescents. In conclusion, the writer states that the Indian communities have adapted and integrated both traditional and western approaches to fit their own unique sociocultural needs.
From the Paper
"Native Aboriginal also have an increased risk for diabetes. This is probably because their original diet was low in simple carbohydrates and over the centuries, their bodies adapted to this regime. Diabetes is 4-8 times more common in Canadian Indians compared to the general Canadian population. In some Indian communities, up to half of all adults have diabetes. Indian Elders suffer from higher rates of complications from diabetes. Unfortunately, the individuals least open to the regimen of western medicine are Indian elders, making proper treatment of their diabetes more difficult. They are not able to return to the original diet of their ancestors and often die early of complications. "Also there are numerous challenges facing these same individuals, families, and communities in their struggle to reduce the harm due to substance use/abuse. Among Indian and Native people, special challenges include whether or not, and, if so, how to adapt treatment or prevention programs for use in their own communities. Another challenge is how to draw upon and incorporate cultural values, skills, and knowledge into this struggle. In addition, how to reconcile certain cultural practices, such as the ceremonial use of tobacco and peyote, with messages about harmful substance use continues to be a challenge as well. Others include how to develop self-sustaining programs once private, state, or federal support for their start-up has ended. For instance, the Wheel Council uses traditional arts like storytelling as a means to heal social problems such as racism, drug addiction, violence, economic injustice, health crises, child abuse and neglect."
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"Curriculum Development in the Postmodern Era", 2006.
A review of the issues of race, gender and ethnicity in the education field as detailed in Patrick Slattery's "Curriculum Development in the Postmodern Era."
900 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how modern curriculum development has systematically and philosophically tended to ignore issues of race, gender and ethnicity and discusses how potentially contentious matters such as race and gender infuse all aspects of our daily lives including education. The writer of this paper concludes by submitting two critical questions to generate and facilitate seminar debate.
From the Paper
"Curriculum in the postmodern era should acknowledge openly the pressures and "absurdities" of the longstanding modern bias as well as the traditions of discriminatory assumptions shaping educational culture; such open admissions are not in place, he states, "to perpetuate paralysis and hatred but to constantly remind us of the consequences of racism, sexism, and cultural elitism." Racial discrimination with the curriculum does exist, Slattery essentially argues, as does ethnic stereotyping and gender bias and the first step in addressing these deeply-rooted imbalances is to admit openly that the exist in even the most "liberal" institution or program."
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Jury Selection, 2005.
This paper examines the problem of racial bias in jury selection.
935 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 33.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that, before one piece of evidence is displayed and discussed, the jury, who must evaluate this evidence, are often flawed in their selection for only one reason---race. The author discuses two landmark cases, which ended up in the Supreme Court because of this racial imbalance that tainted the evidence presented: "Swain vs. Alabama" and "Batson vs. Kentucky". The paper relates that, on the other hand, in the OJ Simpson case, a jury with many blacks acquitted him after being urged in the closing arguments to nullify the jury ideal and to vote to acquit because the defendant is black and you, the jury, as blacks, have suffered at the hands of the police.
From the Paper
"First, "Swain v. Alabama", which arose from the 1962 prosecution of a black man "convicted and sentenced to death by an all-white jury for raping a white woman in Talladega, Florida Although 26 percent of the people then eligible for jury service in the county were black, no African-American had sat ion a trial jury since at least 1950." When it came time to select the jury that would try the case, however, prosecuting attorneys and sometimes defense attorneys used peremptory challenges to eliminate all of the blacks who were potential jurors. It is interesting to note that sometimes black defendants will instruct their attorneys to exclude blacks, believing that they would want to "show" their white fellow jurors that they could be just as severe on blacks as they could."
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Who Are the Greeks Today?, 2006.
A look at the Greek-American experience, including their successes, challenges they've overcome and prominent Americans with Greek heritage.
2,339 words (approx. 9.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper details the Greek-American experience, focusing primarily on their achievements in all aspects of American life. The paper also discusses Greek culture and religion in American and prominent figures in America who are of Greek heritage.
Table of Contents
Statement of Position
Some Interesting Facts About Greeks
The Greek-American Experience
Notable Greeks
In Conclusion
From the Paper
"Several notable and famous Greeks who come to mind are the late Aristotle Onasis, former candidate for U.S. president, Michael Dukakis, and former White House official in the Clinton administration, George Stephanopoulos. Of course, there are numerous other Greeks today who have made an indelible impression upon the world: Candice Bergen, Dr. Joyce Brothers, Carol Burnett, Liz Claiborne, Sheryl Crow, Elizabeth Dole, Faye Dunaway, Betty Ford, Kate Jackson, Mary Tyler Moore, Debra Norville, Jane Pauley and Gloria Vanderbilt."
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