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A Borderless World?, 2008.
This paper examines the argument that the nation-state's obsolescence is leading to a borderless world.
4,075 words (approx. 16.3 pages), 22 sources, MLA, $ 109.95
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Abstract
The paper shows how many nation-states have lost some autonomy and the massive changes of globalization have blurred the borders of nation-states. The paper contends, however, that it is inaccurate to state that the obsolescence of the nation-state has rendered the world borderless. The paper maintains that despite global economic changes, political, cultural and historical factors will continue to bolster the nation-state, so that national borders will not be disappearing in the foreseeable future.
From the Paper
"There has been a great deal of debate in recent years about globalization. Does it really exist? And if so, how pervasive is it? Is it reversible, or has it now become both irreversible and hegemonic? These debates embrace considerations of both economic and political globalization, although of course it must be borne in mind that the two are inextricably intertwined. When it comes to political globalization, Steger points out that much discussion is concerned with "the weighing of conflicting evidence with regard to the fate of the modern nation-state" (28). This is because globalization is widely assumed to be a threat to the continued sovereignty, autonomy and influence of the nation-state. In the same vein, many scholars see international economic forces as a form of economic globalization that could lead to the end of the nation-state as a meaningful economic unit. Moreover, for those who see economics as the primary force determining human society and history, this would also mean the end of the nation-state as a meaningful political and social unit."
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Supply and Demand, 2008.
This paper explores the economics of supply and demand in the scenario of a gas interruption.
775 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 1 source, APA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the supply and demand characteristics in the market caused by an interruption in the supply of gas in Arizona during the summer driving season. The paper examines the economic concepts of supply, demand, and equilibrium to represent what would occur in the description given for the scenario. The paper explains how the market forces would cause a shift or movement of both the supply and demand curves. The paper explains further that the resulting conditions would therefore create an upward pressure on prices before equilibrium is established. The paper includes diagrams of curves.
From the Paper
"In the given situation where a major gas supply line is interrupted there are several environmental and economic factors that need to be considered to fully understand the effect of the product interruption. Environmentally, the Arizona market is a severe hot-weather market that relies on motorized transportation with no practical viable alternative transportation methods that can be temporarily utilized such as biking or walking. Additionally, the supply interruption occurred at the height of the summer season which presented several contributing factors: 1) summer is the traditional high-demand period for gas in any market and 2) the season and the traditional high demand combined to create a sense of special urgency regarding this sudden market interruption. These circumstances, when combined with the natural effects such market interruptions have on supply and demand curves, created a perfect storm of conditions that caused the natural market equilibrium to lose all balance and begin to function in an artificial manner."
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Money and Banking, 2008.
An analysis of financial markets, financial intermediaries and cashless systems.
1,263 words (approx. 5.1 pages), 5 sources, APA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses various financial and economic topics. It first discusses financial markets and their typologies, vis-a-vis investment categories. It then focuses on financial intermediaries and their role within the overall economy as facilitators of market access. Finally, the paper looks at the monetary system as it relates to payment and the current shift to a cashless system and society.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Financial Markets
Financial Intermediaries
Money, Payment, Cashless Shift
From the Paper
"From a macroeconomic perspective financial intermediaries are not viewed as especially important but they do serve an important function related to financial markets because they facilitate market access. Additionally, financial intermediaries provide an extremely useful and relevant source of market research for economists because they have highly accurate predictive models based on the historical data of their customers' investment patterns as well as investment preferences (Karp, Bernard & Schlessinger, 2002). By utilizing such market data, economists and other economic analysts are able to better gauge the direction and health of the overall economy and government policies directed at it."
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Savings and Loans, 2008.
This paper discusses savings and loans looking at the U.S. banking crisis of the 1980s.
1,923 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer discusses the US banking crisis of the 1980s otherwise known as the savings and loan crisis. The writer notes that the foundations of the crisis are found in the late 1960s and the 1970s when various states began to deregulate the savings and loans chartered by them. The writer points out that in the 1980s, continued deregulation and lax oversight contributed to the savings and loan crises, which ultimately cost the U.S. taxpayers billions of dollars to repair. The writer concludes that the primary question that the banking crisis of the 1980s leaves one with, is not if this type of industry transgression will occur again, but rather, when it will occur again.
Outline:
Abstract
The Crisis Foundations
Regulatory Expansion of Services
Mid Decade Industry Expansion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"The US banking crisis of the 1980s centered on the failure of some of the nation's largest savings and loans (S&L) institutions and the policies and regulations that seemed to facilitate this crisis. The US banking crisis of the 1980s crisis did not, however, simply occur in a vacuum and take the nation by surprise. While its ultimate severity may have surprised some people familiar with the industry, in fact, many people recognized that the S&L crisis really had its roots in the 1960s and 1970s when market interest rate increases undermined the S&L industry's competitiveness for deposits. Thus, the foundation of the S&L crisis of the 1980s has its roots during the 60's and 70's when the original state imposed rate ceilings limited S&L competitiveness and then, subsequently, state and federally mandated policies and regulations over compensated for these earlier restrictions through aggressive deregulation."
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Disposable Income and Domestic Travel, 2008.
An examination of the effects of disposable income on domestic travel.
1,262 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the main hypothesis of whether increases in disposable income, cause an increase in domestic travel, and the sub-hypothesis of whether domestic travel is a normal or luxury good. The paper explains that the main aim is to determine the true nature of the relationship between disposable income and domestic travel. The paper further explores the effect of disposable income on domestic travel. In conclusion, the paper shows that a complete model of domestic travel entails looking at all determinants of travel as a supposed explanatory variable before the relationship between personal disposable income and domestic travel can be analyzed and this is necessary so that the relationship coefficients are unbiased.
Outline:
Literature Survey
Theory and Hypothesis: What is the Effect of Disposable Income on Domestic Travel
From the Paper
"Research that has centered on domestic travel, began as early as the 1960's, especially in wake of the fact that in many developed countries citizens were spending excessively on travel. Empirical studies by Gray found that disposable income was a major determinant of travel. Gray's analysis was an econometric model that included explanatory variables such as the foreign exchange rate, fare payments abroad, and travel spending by local residents. Gray's work also included another element that was absent in other papers, that is, Gray found that the prices of goods and services while traveling were an important determinant of travel. This particular model is important to the testing of the relevant hypotheses since, it gives a clear picture as to what the complete model of domestic travel should entail as explanatory variables. It is therefore less likely to get a biased determinant if all the necessary independent variables are included in the model; Gray's research paper dictates what these variables should be."
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Argentina and Neo-liberalism, 2008.
This paper explores the effects of neo-liberal policies on Argentinean human development.
2,769 words (approx. 11.1 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
The paper argues that although governmental incompetence has contributed to its problems, Argentina's present impoverishment and dependence is very much a product of neo-liberal policies foisted upon the country by powerful international actors like the World Bank and International Monetary Fund. The paper provides an overview of Argentinean domestic policy, notes the neo-liberal agenda and impact of the World Bank and IMF and illustrates the consequences flowing from neo-liberal policies made all the more powerful by compelling global phenomena. The paper shows how while neo-liberalism is certainly not all bad, it does discourage the sort of internal development a poor and weakened nation like Argentina desperately needs.
From the Paper
"Before proceeding too far, it is necessary to provide some background information on the country of Argentina; this background, needless to say, can offer a great deal of insight into why Argentina's current predicament is as bad as it is. For most of the twentieth century, Argentina's economy has been characterized by stagnation and by recession; indeed, since the middle 1970s, per capita income has tumbled and (by the middle 1990s) was less than that of relatively poor nations such as Chile and Malaysia. Additionally, the emigration of Argentineans seeking a better life has emerged as a pressing concern in recent years. To all of this must be added the fact that Argentina's interior - which comprises roughly 70 percent of the nation's land and, as of roughly a decade ago, comprised just under a third of its population - has been chronically poor since at least the 1930s (Sawers, 3-4)."
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Globalization and Capitalism, 2008.
A comparison of the style and focus of Steven K. Vogel's article, "The Crisis of German and Japanese Capitalism" and Gary Teeple's article, "The Global Economy and the Decline of Social Reform."
1,546 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses and compares Steven K. Vogel's article, "The Crisis of German and Japanese Capitalism" and Gary Teeple's article, "The Global Economy and the Decline of Social Reform." It describes the different style and focus of each article, as well as their similarities, especially in their main focus on modern day economic globalization and the current state of capitalism.
From the Paper
"The thousands of Canadians who recently had to line up to get passports to cross the world's longest "friendly border" and enter the territory of our nearest neighbour most likely did not feel as if they were at the end of the era of the nation-state. Similarly, Canadian/Syrian national Maher Arar, who was allegedly deported to Syria via Jordan by the US government in 2002, there to be detained and tortured for a year, most likely did not feel as if he was living in the era of the end of the nation-state (Amnesty International, 2003). A year of being tortured in the name of national rivalries and animosities between two different nation states would cause most people to believe quite strongly that the nation state was alive and well. On the other hand, Teeple's analysis goes to the macro economic forces that operate below the surface, and it might be possible to simultaneously believe in the end of the nation-state in relation to economics, while allowing that deeply held animosities between nation states could continue to cause incidents such as Arar's ordeal, as well as calamities such as 9/11."
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Monetary Policy, 2008.
This paper examines monetary policy and macroeconomic stability.
1,801 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
The paper analyzes the role of money when achieving economic objectives such as economic growth, controllable inflation and low unemployment rates. The paper explores whether there are alternatives to monetary policy and if they are effective. The paper researches which tool will reach the goals at a faster rate and looks at whether developed countries like the United States use monetary policy frequently. The paper uses the Federal Reserve as a case/example for the analysis presented.
Outline:
Introduction
The Money Creation Process
A Description of Monetary Policy
Macroeconomic Stability and Monetary Policy
Monetary Policy Efficiency
Business Operations and Monetary Policy
From the Paper
"Monetary policy is a tool utilized by policy makers to correct inflationary or recessionary gaps. The tools of monetary policy are used throughout an economy for other purposes; hence there are drawbacks to using it for macroeconomic stability. The issue that should not be trivialized is whether the marginal benefit from monetary policy exceeds the marginal cost of using the tools of monetary policy. If this true, then its best for policy makers to undertake the action, the contrary holds true."
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Families in China and the U.S., 2008.
This paper discusses families in China and the United States, focusing on the issues of poverty, economy and culture.
2,100 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the issue of families in relation to China and the United States. The paper further explores the issue of poverty and the struggle of the family unit in both countries in relation to economic concerns. A discussion of families in rural and urban areas, as well as the manner in which families live in these locales is examined. The concept of social class is presented and discussed in relation to how social class impacts the family unit and how societal beliefs exist that create barriers to altering the lives of the poor. Finally, the issue of culture is examined and the differences between China and America with regard to culture and living in the family unit are explored.
From the Paper
"The United States is considered a country that is the leading power in the world, while China continues to experience economic hardships and needed development. In both countries, however, the focus on the family is a concern because the family is believed to be integral to society. The Chinese families that exist in the modern world experience many of the same difficulties that are found by American families in rural and urban areas. This includes poverty, which is the number one social issue that impacts family units in both nations. Additionally, in both countries the issue of social class standing is apparent, with the poor often being outcast from the social order and forgotten. In China there has been a significant push to change the conditions for the poor, however, there are still those families that have been unaffected by governmental programs, which has been the case in the United States for decades. While these similarities exist between Chinese and American families, the greatest factor that separates their place in society is culture. The manner in which families conduct their lives because of social expectations and the beliefs related to gender differences and children impacts families in China differently than in America. However, it is clear that regardless of the cultural variances that affect families in these nations, within both cultures families are consistently attempting to survive and continue the progress of each generation in the hopes that eventually the family will know success."
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White-Collar Crime, 2008.
This paper analyzes the rise of white-collar crime within the United States in light of John Maynard Keynes' and Adam Smith's free market systems.
1,451 words (approx. 5.8 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the problem of white-collar crime in relation to the free market global economy, which has played a large role in increasing corporate crimes. The paper looks closely at the economic theories of Adam Smith and John Maynard Keynes that explain free market abuses. The paper concludes that although Keynesian regulatory theories provide a strong groundwork for a justice and rights based system of rules to control and balance free market economies, the lack of government enforcement through the private sector allows corporate criminals to go unpunished.
From the Paper
"The central issue of Adam Smith's "hidden hand" economics in the free market economy is the growing failure of the U.S. government to regulate the way that banking has been practiced in global markets. One example of this was the problem of the Savings and Loan Crisis, which often deregulated banking institutions, causing problematic ethical issues through justice based theories of fair and balanced market behaviors. In this case, the government did not enforce restrictions on competitive measures for commercial banks for the greater benefit of the banking industry."
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Corporations Vs. Democracy, 2008.
This paper explores whether corporate power challenges the concept of democracy.
2,259 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 69.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses how in American society corporations exert a great deal of influence and control, giving rise to complaints that big businesses, through lobbyists and other means, affect Congress to too great a degree and so make the concept of democracy meaningless. The paper provides a literature review on corporations and democracy as well as an economic analysis of capitalism and democracy. The paper also shows how preventing corporations from exerting detrimental effects on democracy will protect the basis of democracy itself.
Outline:
Introduction
Positive Analysis
Normative Analysis
From the Paper
"The political system indeed perpetuates a number of social, political, and economic inequalities between classes, racial groups, and other social and economic divisions. American government and politics are not neutral and any government action produces winners and losers, those who get benefits and those who pay most of the costs of those benefits. The ideal of the American system, as embodied in the Constitution, is to limit the separation between winners and losers and to see that no one group is always to be found in either category. This is an ideal that is not always met, and the effort to achieve this ideal itself entails ethical concerns about the rights of the citizen in a democracy."
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The United States International Empire, 2008.
This paper explores how the United States gained its unparalleled foothold in the influence of international economy and politics.
774 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
The paper looks at Walter LaFeber's "Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism" where LaFeber emphasizes the 'branding of capitalism' concept. The paper also examines Andrew Bacevich's "American Empire: The Realities and Consequences of U.S. Diplomacy". The paper utilizes these works to analyze the strength and influence of the United States in the international community.
From the Paper
"Global capitalism has become the dominant force for international relations and economy. Many attribute the innovation of advanced communications and automated systems technology as a driving catalyst in bringing the world 'closer together' (Engardio, 2000, para. 1). However, the United States still remains the most dominant international figurehead in the global arena. Whether the issue is free market trades and tariff issues or military action, the United States has placed itself in a position of precedence that is unrivaled by any other country."
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The Economics of Poverty and Globalization, 2006.
An analysis of the impact of globalization in regards to poverty.
3,326 words (approx. 13.3 pages), 10 sources, APA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
This paper examines several issues in relation to globalization that are discussed by P. Figini and E. Santarelli in their article entitled, "Openness, Economic Reforms, and Poverty: Globalization in Developing Countries". It explains that the research is examined in context of earlier research related to free trade and Mexico and the expansion of FDI in that market. The paper also explains the difference between relative poverty and absolute poverty and how understanding these terms can be applied to the global economy in order to determine strategies to alleviate poverty and prepare economic benchmarks vital to reducing overall poverty levels, absolute or relative. The paper further discusses how Figini and Santarelli regard relative poverty levels as the most important aspect of poverty because these levels would be utilized in determining living wages as well as other economic factors that globalization impacts.
Outline:
Abstract
Overview
The World Trade Organization's Role in FDI
Free Trade & Poverty
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Understanding poverty and how to alleviate it is a critical component of joining the rank of first world nations. While the list of countries that have encouraged foreign investment and trade is growing, the fact remains that few have experienced the type of economic success that China and India have experienced. As Bhagwati illustrates, globalization as an economic model depends on the integration of economic structures through trade, foreign investment activity, short-term capital inflows, and technology inflows in order to be successful (2004)."
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Saving Social Security: An Economic Analysis, 2005.
An examination of how economic analysis can be used to understand and possibly rectify the crisis within social security.
783 words (approx. 3.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 27.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the need for intervention in the social security program. It explains that failure to address the issues surrounding the changes within the American society might result in the collapse of the retirement fund. The writer advocates that economists need to focus on the macroeconomic issues within the society and devise an optimizing plan that efficiently allocates scarce resources. The writer also looks at policy makers who want to dismantle the program, and others who speculate that the program can be reformed without dismantling and remarks that a change is necessary.
Outline:
Introduction
The Social Security Crisis
Saving Social Security: Recommendations From Economists
Conclusion
From the Paper
"According to Carson et al, "social security is an ongoing intergenerational transfer mechanism" (page, 161), where the working age population is taxed to support retirees, that is, a pay-as-you-go system. However, America is facing a generational crisis that posits to the demise of the system. The American population is aging and life expectancy is increasing. It is projected that there will be a point where the aging post-employed population will have higher proportions in relation to the younger working population."
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State and Local Tax Issues, 2008.
An analysis of state sales tax and the development of tax policy in the United States.
2,304 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper examines state and local tax issues in the United States. It begins by analyzing the state sales taxes, describing the history behind the implementation of the tax and how it is viewed in the current economy. The paper then looks at the development of an equitable tax policy and the issues that local and state authorities face today with regards to this policy.
Table of Contents:
Sales Tax
Tax Policy
From the Paper
"Another issue is whether the development of a more equitable tax system would be a proportional tax system in which all taxes are adjusted by real income. This type of tax system is also termed a flat tax system where everyone would pay the same percentage of their income in taxes and regressive tax policies would be reworked to account for income levels (Stocker 147). While some of this might be impractical such as adjusting sales tax by income, the flat tax rate within the progressive tax system is conceivable albeit a difficult challenge for local and state authorities to implement without federal support and oversight to a degree."
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