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IT and the Compliance Industry, 2007.
This paper discusses that the U.S. political environment that has stimulated IT management to develop a compliance industry.
1,030 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the ultimate irony for the United States' passing of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and similar acts is that this type of legislation is fueling an entire IT industry that is called upon to deliver both compliance and business process improvement. The author points out that a service-oriented architecture (SOA) platform is the best practice for line-of-business managers, who want to get the most critical information to the sales, service and pricing managers, and still remain in compliance. The paper relates that the greatest motivator for the development of compliance programs and governance in IT management has not been top-line revenue growth but rather having an air-tight set of financial records when Sarbanes-Oxley auditors arrive to look over transactions
From the Paper
"Keeping in mind that the majority of IT professionals prefer to view their IT platforms from the context of layered model that has a strong focus on integration and pervasive layers of functionality, and the role of an all encompassing layer of analytics begins to take hold. This alone however does not completely negate the issue of the politicization and siloing of information. What analytics layers do however is force the issue of performance from just within one organization and shows the impacts (or lack thereof) of collaboration across the organization."
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Job Redesign, 2007.
The paper discusses the impact of job design and redesign for an accounting position.
1,713 words (approx. 6.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
The paper presents a case of an accounting department where the intrinsic motivation is low and job characteristics do not allow for self management or a sense of choice. The paper suggests that in order to improve the efficiency of the department, a redesign of the department's work should be ensured. The paper discusses the general aims of work redesign, the aim in this specific situation and the main theories of work redesign.
From the Paper
"The case of accounting jobs is characterized by a strong tendency to routine operations. Such jobs do not provide much variety, and much sense of independence. Moreover, feedback is missing very often. Accounting does not provide the job holder with the opportunity for independent thought or action or with a great variety at work. The tasks mentioned above are usually divided among the clerks in an accounting department; therefore they do not have the chance of doing the job from the beginning to the end."
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Buybacks and Dividends, 2007.
This paper discusses a stockholder's choice of dividends or stock buybacks.
1,070 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that stock buy-backs and one-time special dividends have accounted for sixty-three percent of total dividends of companies in the United Kingdom since 2003. The writer notes that ordinary dividend growth has failed to keep pace with earnings growth in the United Kingdom as well as the rest of Europe. The writer discusses that while one would not expect this to be necessarily bad news for the investor, European companies have discovered that their buy-back and special dividend preferences in recent years have failed to boost companies' share prices. As a result, they are now turning back to increasing dividends as the preferred way to return capital to investors This paper discuses the advantages and disadvantages of stock buybacks and dividends so that stockholders can make more informed investment decisions.
Outline:
Introduction
Stock Buybacks
Stock Buyback Advantages
Stock Buyback Disadvantages
Dividends
Advantages of Dividends
Disadvantages of Dividends
Recommendations
From the Paper
"Stock buybacks improve a firm's financial ratio. Although a stock buyback reduces cash, return on assets increases because the cash component of assets on the balance sheet is reduced. Return on equity increases because there is less outstanding equity. The buyback also helps to improve the company's price-earnings ratio due to the reduction in outstanding share. All of these metrics, particularly the price-earnings ratio, are considered important metrics to judge investment in a company and their improved positions due to the stock buyback may lead to additional stock demand/appreciation. In addition, stock buybacks send a strong signal to the market that a firm's management believes the shares are undervalued."
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Inventory Management, 2007.
A discussion regarding business assets.
3,041 words (approx. 12.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper reviews and discusses the importance of inventory management within a business. According to the paper, the management of assets can make or break a business. The paper goes on to say that financial statements do not tell analysts all they want to know. The paper includes sample financial sheets and summary.
From the Paper
"Based on the summary of financial analyses presented above, we can say that ABC is a profitable and growing Company. Although there is a decreased of 0.17 or 4% in Current ratio, there is a positive and increase working capital of $10,000 and increase if 0.37 or 21%, in Quick Ratio. It means that on current liability of $1, the company has a current asset of $3.50 in 2006 and 3.67 in 2005 whereas $1 of current liability, it has "near cash" availability of $1.70 in 2006 and $1.33 in 2005. In both instances, this is a positive note signifying that it has the ability to pay its obligation in the near future. "
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Accounting, 2007.
A review of trial balances, reliability and petty cash funds.
985 words (approx. 3.9 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 34.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a brief overview and description of some accounting practices. It discusses the basic set-up of a trial balance. It then looks into reliability, as a qualitative characteristic of financial statement reports. Finally the paper describes petty cash funds. The paper provides brief examples of a trial balance and a petty cash fund in order to explain how they operate.
Table of Contents:
Trial Balance
Reliability
Petty Cash Funds
From the Paper
"A trial balance is a list of a business entity's accounts with their ledger balances. The purpose of preparing a trial balance is to test the accuracy of the journalizing and posting process. The account titles are arranged according to the Assets, Liabilities, Owner's Equity, Revenue and Expenses and only accounts with balances appear in the trial balance. The accounts should be in their normal balances, Assets, Withdrawals and Expenses under the Debit side and Liabilities, Capital and Revenues under the Credit side. The total amount under the debit column should be equal with the total amount under the credit column. A difference would signify an error has occurred either in the journalizing or posting process."
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Online Securities Trading, 2007.
This paper discusses the issues associated with securities trading via the Internet.
1,865 words (approx. 7.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 59.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the combined effects of financial services companies striving to drop the cost of providing customer service and the significant rise in individual investors' interest in taking control of their own investments continues to increase the use of online securities trading. Further, the writer points out that many individual investors rely on the Internet as a means of learning as much as they can about specific investments before executing a stock or bond trade online, and this factor alone is changing the landscape of financial services. The writer discusses that financial services firms are walking a fine line between automating transactions by putting powerful investment tools in the hands of individual investors, while at the same time educating them of the financial benefits of long-term investing. The writer concludes that individual investors have more control over their funds than ever before, yet with that freedom comes a high level of responsibility to make sure the advice, applications and tools they gain access from financial services firms are in fact the best match with their investment needs.
Outline:
Executive Summary
Technological Implications of Online Trading
The Ethics of Enabling Online Trading
Online Trading as a Service Strategy: Inevitable?
Assessing Online Trading and the Individual Investor
Improvements for Online Trading as a Self-Service Strategy
Conclusions and Recommendations
From the Paper
"Financial Services firms are pursuing a wide variety of online services strategies to reduce the cost per transaction, and this cost reduction strategy is creating a series of Web-based applications that have rich functionality and features previously only brokers had available. The costs of having individual investors speak with investment representatives is significantly higher than having the question respond to or transaction completed online. As a result of the cost reduction benefits of these online strategies, financial services firms are adopting them for all segments of customers. This technological shift to online investment advice and transaction tools is being influenced by the major unmet needs of individual investors for expertly-written content on the one hand and greater control over their investments on the other. Financial services firms segment their customer bases by their net worth and projected lifetime customer value, and the lowest-value customers are routed to Web-enabled suites of applications and content portals. Those customers that have the potential of generating a higher lifetime value for the financial services firm, and as a result they are provided a higher level of service including a dedicated account representative. This segmented approach to delivering service is proving to be profitable for financial services firms."
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Xerox Accounting Fraud, 2007.
An analysis of the accounting fraud committed by the Xerox Corporation, and the consequences of this fraud.
1,586 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the accounting fraud committed by Xerox Corporation, which involved accounting irregularities in connivance with Xerox's auditing firm at that time, KPMG. The paper provides a background of Xerox Corporation and discusses the legal complaint filed against them in 2002. It describes the actions that were taken and the aftermath of the scandal.
From the Paper
"At present, Anne M. Mulcahy is the chairman of the board and chief executive officer of Xerox Corporation. She was appointed as the company's CEO on August 1, 2001, and five months later, was eventually given the chairmanship on January 1, 2002. Before reaching the top helm of the corporation, Mulcahy was Xerox's "president and chief operating officer from May 2000 through July 2001. Prior to that, she was president of Xerox's General Markets Operations, which created and sold products for reseller, dealer and retail channels. She began her Xerox career as a field sales representative in 1976 and assumed increasingly responsible sales and senior management positions. From 1992-1995, Mulcahy was vice president for human resources, responsible for compensation, benefits, human resource strategy, labor relations, management development and employee training. (About Xerox, 2007)" In the more than 30 years Mulcahy worked for Xerox, she handled several other positions such as "chief staff officer in 1997, corporate senior vice president in 1998, vice president and staff officer for Customer Operations, covering South America and Central America, Europe, Asia and Africa. (About Xerox, 2007)" She is a graduate of the Marymount College, New York and earned a Bachelor of Arts in English/Journalism."
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The Making of an Accountant, 2007.
A discussion of the author's personal ambition to be an accountant.
794 words (approx. 3.2 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
This paper is a personal exposition of the author's career ambition to be a certified public accountant. The author describes the growth of the accounting industry and the area in which he hopes to specialize. Also examined are the author's perceived weaknesses in his skill set for being an accountant and how he feel these deficiencies can be overcome. He also states his strengths and how these will be beneficial in his career. The author concludes that by overcoming his weaknesses and adding to his strengths, it is possible to gain all of the tools for successful public accounting.
From the Paper
"There are many different skills necessary to become a well rounded and successful public accountant. These skills include technical knowledge, attention to detail, and interpersonal communication. I have attempted to master all three of these skills through my daily life by consistently practicing and focusing on the importance of these three skills. By overcoming my weaknesses and adding to my strengths, I fully believe that I will soon gain all of the tools for successful public accounting."
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Conflict of Interest, 2007.
A discussion about conflict of interest in financial institutions, focusing on Qantas and Alinta.
2,067 words (approx. 8.3 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 65.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that conflicts of interest are of great concern in recent years and months, especially since the recent, highly-publicized buyouts involving Qantas and Alinta. The writer points out that in efforts to protect clients and mitigate risk in the financial sectors, conflicts in interest must be addressed suitably. The Qantas and Alinta buyouts have highlighted many of the worst issues pertaining to conflicts in interest in financial institutions. This paper seeks to review the existing literature concerning conflicts of interest, outlining the key terms and issues involved. It additionally covers the recent transactions and conflict of interest issues related to the Alinta MBO and Qantas Private Equity Deal. Finally, it turns to the views of the takeover panel, highlighting their views on conflicts of interest and, more specifically, their views on the Alinta MBO and Qantas private equity deal transactions.
Outline:
Introduction
Analysis
Background & Definitions
Evaluation
The Alinta MBO and Qantas Private Equity Deal
Background & Discussion
Possible Conflicts
The Takeover Panel and Conflict of Interest
Summary
From the Paper
"Conflicts of interest often shock shareholders and the general public since they often blatantly ignore the basic requirements and duty expectations of those involved. For example, a bank that abuses a conflict of interest by recommending services that they know are not the best for a customer comes under public scrutiny for abusing the basic trust assumed in a banking relationship. A bank may suggest such services because they receive a higher interest rate or because they do not offer competitive services. This takes advantage of the lack of knowledge of the consumer, who often looks to the bank as a trusted consultant. Individuals and investors have come to assume some trust in banking and finance relationships, and most would agree that this is not an unreasonable assumption."
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Bankruptcy, 2007.
This paper looks at the Interstate Bakeries' choice of bankruptcy and analyzes different types of bankruptcy.
1,023 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
In this essay, the writer discusses the filing for Chapter 11 bankruptcy reorganization by Interstate Bakeries, the maker of well-known food products such as Twinkies and Wonder Bread. The writer explains that although Interstate had several options at its disposal to reduce debt and generate cash, ultimately Chapter 11 bankruptcy allowed Interstate to address its debt and cost problems without having to mortgage the company's future through overly deep cuts or sell-offs. The writer then looks at different types of bankruptcy and discusses the alternatives that were available to Interstate. The writer concludes that by filing Chapter 11 bankruptcy, Interstate was able to get a handle on its costs, alleviate its debt, and emerge as a stronger and more stable operation.
Outline:
Types of Bankruptcy
Alternatives to Chapter 11: Pros and Cons
Conclusion
From the Paper
"In a Chapter 11 bankruptcy process, the court and a company's debtors will approve a reorganization plan that, among other things, determines how much various creditors get paid. There are two classes of competitors: secured and unsecured. The secured creditors, such as banks, get paid first; the unsecured creditors, such as vendors, may get only pennies on the dollar. Chapter 11 sometimes allows companies to restructure contracts, such as union deals, which was a big problem for Interstate. At any rate, companies emerge from Chapter 11 with a much better debt and cash-flow picture."
"Municipal organizations, such as cities or school districts, have a form of bankruptcy similar to Chapter 11, which is called Chapter 9 bankruptcy. Chapter 9 bankruptcy allows a municipal entity to restructure its debt and reorganize its operations, similar to Chapter 11."
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Cost of Home Ownership, 2007.
This paper uses consumer mathematics in everyday life to examine the cost of home ownership.
1,137 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 39.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that a recent consideration of the idea of purchasing a double-wide, modular home brought about a greater knowledge of financial terms. The writer examines the terms percent, simple interest, compound interest, installment buying and the cost of home ownership. The writer concludes that after investigating the actual costs of buying a dream double-wide, the decision was made that given the additional costs and also the fact that most banks will not mortgage a double-wide, they are actually financially better off renting than buying the property. This paper is written from the first person point of view.
From the Paper
"The interest rate charged for obtaining a mortgage loan was of special interest. We wanted to get as low a rate as possible, to keep the bottom line for purchasing the home and property to the minimum. Six percent was what we wanted. If we put $20,000 down and the mortgage was for $180,000, on a 30-year, fixed rate mortgage, a six percent loan would come to $1,079 per month. This was assuming that we would qualify for a six percent mortgage loan. Upon checking out our credit scores, we found that we would have to pay closer to 7.8 percent, since we weren't in the top group of people who qualified for these low-interest loans."
"In order to understand our credit scores we needed to find out these scores were decided. We looked at our bookkeeping and at the interests we were paying on other loans and credit cards. We were amazed at how much interest we paid per year, versus how much we were actually spending. Simple interest is all the interest we paid during the last year."
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Positive Pay, 2007.
An examination of positive pay and its impact on check fraud issues.
2,546 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
The writer explores how a positive pay system can help reduce the incidence of check fraud for individual companies and corporations.
The paper examines shocking statistics of check fraud research and explains how positive pay works. The paper advocates the use of positive pay for a large corporation so they will detect counterfeit and unauthorized checks.
Outline:
Introduction
Some Facts
What is Check Fraud
Why Positive Pay is a Valid Option
Conclusion
From the Paper
"As the world of technology continues to increase, mankind has reached heights never before imagined. Today, with the click of a mouse one can plan and pay for vacations, manage stock portfolios, shop around the world and research any topic they are interested in. It has been a significant benefit to mankind, but with the positive aspects of technology also comes some negative aspects of its use."
"Check fraud losses are on the rise throughout America. In 1999 there was an estimated loss of $15 billion due to check fraud according to statistics compiled by the United States government(Statistics http://www.ipsboston.com/pdcfpps_statistics.htm). The losses were not confined to one or two financial institutions either. Reports indicate that 99 percent of all large banks experienced check fraud loss(Statistics http://www.ipsboston.com/pdcfpps_statistics.htm)."
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Aids, 2007.
This paper examines the fatal disease of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
813 words (approx. 3.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 28.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that although the AIDS disease is still not completely understood, what is known is that HIV infects the T-cells of the immune system, and as the body fights back, it is eventually overwhelmed. The writer notes that this leaves the body vulnerable to infections and cancers. The writer looks at symptoms and diagnosis of the disease. The writer concludes that in the 1980s AIDS was seen mainly in homosexual and bisexual men, however now the majority of new HIV infections are seen in drug users who share needles, and among women sexual partners of drug users.
From the Paper
"It is theorized that the virus passed from the blood of the chimps into humans through superficial wounds, since chimpanzees are hunted for food in this region, and that it may have begun as early as the 1930s."
"Although the disease is still not completely understood, what is known is that HIV infects the T-cells of the immune system, and as the body fights back, it is eventually overwhelmed, thus leaving the body vulnerable to infections and cancers. While some people develop flu-like symptoms shortly after infection, others have not symptoms, and it may be months or years before serious symptoms develop in adults, however infants who are infected in the womb or at birth will generally develop symptoms with the first two years of life."
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Power of Transnational Corporations, 2007.
This paper analyzes the power of transnational corporations.
847 words (approx. 3.4 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 30.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that even the richest and most powerful nations need economic productivity and cash, so they find ways to cooperate with the interests of transnational corporations (TNCs). Fortunately, the owners and employees of these TNCs usually consider benefits to humanity as also beneficial to the company. The writer notes that many analysts consider the actual control of transnational corporations to be impossible. However, a large measure of control can be achieved by controlling the environments, (business, economic, legislative and political), within which TNCs do business. The writer concludes that problems only arise when ignorance rules or when personal greed overcomes reason.
From the Paper
"Beyond this, few states have the means to control TNCs beyond allowing or disallowing them. China has come as close as any member state, perhaps, because of its ability to apply its rules to its own corporations immediately upon making any decision. It is the nature of the absolute power of the state in certain areas. This factor has inhibited investment in China until they can establish a more constant rule of law. Corporations have gotten around this since China joined the WTO by negotiating binding agreements with the state. While there are other states with absolute power, none can approach the economic power of the PRC. That TNCs negotiate directly with the host countries without the need to go through their own government's state department or some other political power is indicative of the actual power these TNCs wield."
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Enron, 2007.
Discussion of the Enron Corporation's corruption, including who was responsible.
1,496 words (approx. 6.0 pages), 7 sources, APA, $ 49.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a background of Enron's corruption, tracing the corporation's history and looking at who is to blame for its ultimate lack of ethics. The paper describes how Enron went from a corporate culture that promoted ethical behavior to one that emphasized cleverness and skill. The author further discusses how this outlook eventually lead to the company's downfall. The writer believes Enron's leaders dictated the company's outcome through their own actions of unethical behavior. The author concludes with a personal approach of how one could react as an Enron employee.
Outline:
Background
Who are the Stakeholders?
Who is Responsible?
Penalties
References Cited
From the Paper
"The stock shareholders are the main stakeholders. That does not mean, however, that the books should be illegally manipulated. Shareholders "hold" faith in the company executives that they will do their best, ethically and legally, to produce the best results. Yet shareholders also know that stocks can and do go down; there is risk involved. The other main stakeholders are the employees, who were hit twice by losing their stock and their jobs. "
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