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The 1991 Gulf War, 2003.
An analysis of why the United States led the coalition in the 1991 Gulf War.
690 words (approx. 2.8 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 23.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the motivations for the United States to take the lead in the development and leadership of the coalition to oust Iraq from Kuwait in the 1991 Gulf War. The research indicates that the reasons were diverse and multiple.
From the Paper
" Why the united states took the lead in forming the allied coalition to oust Iraq from Kuwait in the Gulf War. This paper explores the issue of why the United States took the lead in a forming the coalition and leading the coalition in the military campaign .."
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The 1991 Persian Gulf War.
This paper discusses Saddam Hussein's many legal violations which led to the 1991 Persian Gulf War and occurred during this war.
5,870 words (approx. 23.5 pages), 15 sources, MLA, $ 140.95
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Abstract
This paper states that never before in history has a man violated as many legal obligations as Saddam Hussein; therefore, 1991 Persian Gulf War has become one of the most significant international events of all time. The author points out that the most obvious violation made by Saddam Hussein was in waging a war of aggression against Kuwait. The paper relates that Iraq violated many treaties such as the United Nations and the Pact of the League of Arab States, all of the Security Council's Resolutions and many laws of war, neutrality and belligerent occupation including carrying out a sneak attack, missile terror attacks against civilian populations, the mistreatment of prisoners of war and finally environmental terrorism.
From the Paper
"Another violation of the laws of wars committed by Iraq in the Gulf War was the mistreatment of the prisoners of war. All of the United States armed forces that were taken prisoner by Iraq were mistreated to some degree which is more violations by Iraq under the Geneva Convention Relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War. CNN aired footage on January 20, 1991 of American and other prisoners of war that claimed that there was definite mistreatment of them at the hands of the Iraqi's. This mistreatment goes against Article 13 of the Geneva Convention that states, "Prisoners of war must at all times be humanely treated....Likewise, prisoners of war must at all times be protected, particularly against acts of violence or intimidation and against insults and public curiosity." The fact that these prisoners of war were shown on CNN, the worldwide news program situated at the center of the Gulf Crisis, shows that article 13 was violated since the prisoners were not protected against public curiosity."
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Television and the 1991 Gulf War, 2004.
This paper discusses that no other time in history has media been as important to the outcome of a conflict as television was during the 1991 Persian Gulf War.
1,330 words (approx. 5.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 44.95
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Abstract
The paper relates that military control over the media, used to assert power and regulate content, is an instrument of war. This paper explains, whereas Iraq was only a small, developing nation that posed little threat to the United States, many considered Hussein to be a serious danger to the American way of life; Hussein was made a scapegoat. The author points out that the media helped downplay the devastation by focusing national attention on atrocities by Iraqi occupiers in Kuwait, rather than on attacks by the Allied coalition.
From the Paper
"The next phase of media propaganda began with the start of armed conflict between Iraq and the US on January 16, 1991. Weeks of aerial bombardment followed until, on February 23, a ground attack was launched that forced Iraqi forces out of Kuwait and positions in southern Iraq. The assault lasted only one hundred hours with President Bush announcing a ceasefire once it was over. The American losses were amazingly low, only 148 killed (many from ?friendly fire?) and 467 wounded. Iraqi deaths, never calculated, are estimated to be as high as two hundred thousand."
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Canada and the Gulf War (1990-1991), 2002.
Analysis of Canada's primary motivation for taking part in the 1990-1991 Gulf War.
1,400 words (approx. 5.6 pages), 4 sources, $ 53.95
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Abstract
The thesis put forward in this paper is that Canada's decision to take part in the 1990-1991 war was made primarily so that it could preserve its perceived role in a post-Cold War world.
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The Persian Gulf War, 2002.
A discussion of U.S. involvement in the Persian Gulf War (1990-1991).
2,546 words (approx. 10.2 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 77.95
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Abstract
This paper summarizes and analyzes the United States foreign policy decisions and military events which led to, perpetuated and ended American involvement in the Persian Gulf War, including the military strategy employed by Iraq and the United States during that war. It examines how the Persian Gulf War was precipitated by the invasion of Kuwait by Iraq in August 1990 and the determination by the United States that its vital interests were thereby threatened.
Outline
Background to the Iraqi Invasion of Kuwait on August 2, 1990
Pre-Gulf War Military Buildup and Diplomacy
Military Strategy of Iraq and the United States
War Termination
Conclusion
From the Paper
"American satellite photographs alerted United States intelligence to Iraq's buildup of forces north of the Kuwaiti border which reached over 100,000 troops by late July 1990. The administration of George Bush dismissed these moves as saber-rattling. American Ambassador to Iraq April Glaspie told Hussein on July 25, 1990: "we have no opinion on the Arab-Arab conflicts, like your border disagreements with Kuwait" (Bennis and Moushabeck 395). These mixed signals violated the first rule of an effective policy of deterrence, which Craig and George said was that any threat to an opponent must be "credible and sufficiently potent in the eyes of the aggressor to prevent him from attempting the undesired course of action" (190). "
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Gulf War Syndrome, 2002.
A look at the concept, symptoms and treatment of Gulf War Syndrome.
1,806 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Gulf War Syndrome (GWS), a representation of several medical and psychological complaints, which affect several men and women who had participated in the Gulf War which took place in 1991. It examines how these ailments include muscular pain, skin rash, sleep disturbances, peripheral numbness, memory loss, fatigue, respiratory illness, headaches, fever, spasms, low blood pressure and dizziness. It also analyzes how depleted uranium could be considered partly as a factor responsible for the Gulf War Syndrome since depleted uranium has produced long-term health problems in people who had contact with its usage. It was in the Gulf War that the depleted uranium weapons were used for the first time.
From the Paper
"According to the study conducted in this area it has been found that individuals could inhale the small particles of burning Depleted Uranium and this is quite dangerous and poisonous. There could be a breakdown in the immune system as a result of having long-term contacts with the depleted uranium. There could also be other hazards to health in the form of infectious diseases. They could have serious effects and such cases have been steadily increasing. The infections are in the nature of Zoster infections and Herpes infections. There could also be found the symptoms of AIDS as a result of the breakdown in the immune system. There have been difficulties in the functioning of kidney and liver in many as a result of being affected by depleted uranium weapons."
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The Persian Gulf War, 2000.
The paper examines the causes and effects of the Persian Gulf War of 1991.
1,023 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 3 sources, APA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper briefly analyzes the causes leading up to war in the Persian Gulf fought between Iraq and Western Allies in 1991. The paper then looks at the repercussions of the war, including the American public turning on President Bush due to the large amount of Iraqi casualties.
From the Paper
"When it came time for war, President Bush noted the significant advantage a war that we can easily dominate and win would be the chance to weaken Iraq?s military strength. Hussein?s reaction to the outbreak of war was to strike back with words, threats, terror weapons, and ploys to break the unity and resolve the United Nations coalition. He decreed a holy war against the United States, called on all Muslims to unite against the satanic enemy, and warned that in this ?mother of al battles? the Americans would drown in ?pools of their own blood?. He made good on his prewar pledge to attack neutral Israel, firing thirty-nine Soviet made Scud surface to surface missiles at Tel Aviv and Jerusalem. Most fell harmlessly, none contained the poison gas warheads Hussein had threatened to use, and after he first days many were destroyed in flight by American patriot antimissile missiles."
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Media and the Gulf War, 2002.
The paper analyzes the role played by the media in the first Gulf War (1991) and the lessons that should have been learned.
3,685 words (approx. 14.7 pages), 14 sources, APA, $ 102.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses whether the image presented in the media was a misrepresentation of reality and claims that much of that coverage was superficial and misdirected. The paper examines how the American administration wanted to shape the story of the war in a certain way and utilized the power of the media to achieve this goal. It also looks at the gullibility of reporters and the way they were easily led.
From the Paper
"As America prepares for another war in the Middle East, the news media as well as American troops are preparing for the effort to come. It is a good time to reconsider the lessons that should have been learned from the last Gulf conflict, when the government tried to control the news media as much as possible, and when the news media failed to see certain aspects of the story and reported much false information. The news media has a role in a democratic society, and that role is not mere boosterism for the position of the administration but the need to provide all the information possible so the public can make informed decisions regarding its leaders, their policies, and all actions being taken in the public's name. This does not mean providing information that would be damaging to security, and the line between what is damaging and what is essential is not always easy to draw. The issue may be whether the news media draws that line on the basis of a business decision, either to gain audience by reporting scandal or to cater to an audience by avoiding bad news, or on the basis of fulfilling its obligation in a democratic society."
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The Gulf War, 2002.
A detailed overview of the war between Iraq and the Western forces in 1991.
1,808 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 58.95
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Abstract
As the U.S. gears up for a probable attack on Iraq, American minds turn back the hands of time to 1991 and the Gulf War. This paper presents a detailed examination of the Gulf War of 1991. It explores the history, the cause and the war itself. The writer uses several sources to illustrate what the U.S. government based its decisions on to go to war on and how well received that decision was by the American public.
From the Paper
"The Gulf Oil War was a war that seemed to renew the American spirit. Film clips of Iraqi citizens standing in the streets burning American flags and chanting death to America triggered a gut reaction that holds true today. Desert Storm sent such a message around the world about the capabilities of the US and its allies that the current situation between Iraq and the US is playing out differently. This time Hussein has lost his bravado and is insistent he does not want a war with the US. Desert Storm created a safety zone that prevents even Hussein from challenging the US to a modern day shoot out."
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1991 Persian Gulf War: Causes and Consequences, 2002.
This paper examines the causes and explores the consequences of the War in the Persian Gulf of early 1991.
1,677 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
According to the writer, the basic cause of the war between Saddam Hussein's Iraq and the Allied Coalition led by the United States was Iraq's armed seizure of Kuwait in early August 1990. The paper traces the history of this occupation, then discusses the consequences which are explained in the paper as a military triumph by the United States and its allies and the removal of a serious threat to their vital interests.
From the Paper
"A more immediate reason for Iraq's invasion of Kuwait was Iraq's financial situation at the end of the Iran-Iraq war. Iraq had prevailed against Iran largely because of financial assistance from Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and the other Gulf emirates. According to Hiro, Iraq emerged from the war with foreign debts to non-Arab nations of about $50.5 billion (three times its GDP), plus Gulf loans and credits of another $45 to $55 billion, including a debt to Kuwait of $14 billion. Iraq's ability to repay these debts was hampered by the declining world price of oil. At a series of meetings among the leaders of Arab countries in early 1990, Saddam Hussein demanded relief from this debt burden in form of lower oil production by Saudi Arabia and Kuwait which had exceeded their OPEC production quotas and tens of billions of dollars in cash payments from Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and the other Gulf states. At the final meeting between Iraq and Kuwait on July 31, 1990, Friedman said he demanded "$10 billion plus some territory and drilling rights." According to Friedman, the August 2, 1990 invasion was the equivalent of "a debtor canceling his debt by robbing the bank.""
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Gulf War:, 2002.
Examines the objectives and consequences of the American attack on Iraq in 1991.
3,400 words (approx. 13.6 pages), 15 sources, $ 124.95
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Abstract
This paper examines U.S. policymaking and motives for intervening in the Gulf War. It briefly outlines the events leading to and of the war. The focus is on American objectives and the consequences of American policy.
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1991 Persian Gulf Crisis, 1992.
An examination of the victory of the global coalition over Iraq and its implications for post-Cold War global relationships and the New World Order.
2,250 words (approx. 9.0 pages), 7 sources, $ 79.95
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From the Paper
"As the Cold War ended, a number of expectations were raised concerning the new international system which would follow the collapse of Soviet power. However, the circumstances of the 1991 Gulf Crisis created a reality which is in sharp contrast with many of these expectations. During the Cold War period, international order was based on the existence of the two primary superpowers. Thus, a bipolar arrangement existed with the United States and its Western allies on one side and the Soviet Union and the Eastern bloc nations on the other side. The primary security concern for the West at that time was the containment of the-Soviet Union. In the years following the Second World War, Soviet invasions in Eastern Europe led to a powerful build-up of military strength. The rapid spread of Soviet military influence posed a tangible threat to the democratic values that the Western..."
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Military Strategies of 1991 Persian Gulf War, 1993.
Analyzing the goals, tactics, technology, political aims, leadership, air power, views on Kuwait and planning of the Iraq vs. U.S.-led coalition.
3,825 words (approx. 15.3 pages), 9 sources, $ 135.95
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From the Paper
" Introduction
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the strategies of both the U.S..led coalition forces and the Iraqi military, as utilized in their respective campaigns during the Persian Gulf War. The method used in this analysis will be one of comparing and contrasting the strategies of both sides. In addition, an effort will be made to understand the rationale that led to the selection of these specific strategies. It will be seen that air power played a vital role in contributing to the success of the coalition campaign. By contrast, the lack of effective air power was a decisive factor in the failure of the Iraqi effort. The Persian Gulf War was chosen as the basis for this analysis because it provides an excellent case study in the contemporary use of strategic planning and warfare techniques. When Iraq.."
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Gulf War Of 1991, 1999.
An examination of its causes, its impact on the Gulf region and Arabic world, the role of the U.S, in an international context and the aftermath.
1,350 words (approx. 5.4 pages), 5 sources, $ 47.95
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From the Paper
" This study will examine the causes of the Gulf War of 1991 and the impact the war had in the Gulf region and in the Arabic world. The causes or justification for the war can be found in part in the results which the victors claimed for themselves in the aftermath of the war. The essential cause was the invasion by Iraq of Kuwait, and the determination of the international community, via the United Nations, to free Kuwait. While numerous nations were involved in the attack on Iraq, the sources are unanimous in stating that the United States was the heart and soul of the war. Without American leadership, the war would likely not have taken place, or would have not ended as quickly or decisively as it did.
Added to this basic aim were the goals of crippling Iraq militarily so that it would not pose a danger to its neighbors in..."
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United Nations and The Gulf War Of 1991, 1995.
Examines 22 U.N. resolutions aimed at Iraq for its invasion of Kuwait. Discusses the background to Iraq's role in the region, provisions, effects and aftermath.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 13 sources, $ 87.95
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From the Paper
"UNITED NATIONS RESOLUTIONS DIRECTED AT IRAQ
Introduction
This research examines and discusses the resolutions passed by the Security Council of the United Nations that target Iraq in relation to the 1991 Gulf War and its aftermath. To fully appreciate the scope, intent, and outcome of the resolutions, it is necessary to begin a few months prior to the beginning of the Gulf War to consider United Nations resolutions passed as a result of the occupation of Kuwait by Iraq in 1990.
Resolution 660
The Security Council passed Resolution 660 on 2 August 1990 (Sciolino, 1991, p. 298). This resolution condemned Iraq's invasion of Kuwait, and called for the immediate and unconditional withdrawal of Iraqi troops from Kuwait. The major ..."
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