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Surrealism, 2004.
An overview of this form of art from the 1920s and 1930s and how it was defined by the artists from this time.
1,000 words (approx. 4.0 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 35.95
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Abstract
Surrealism, a movement that was transformed from a literary to an artistic one, investigated the direct exposition of the incognizant divulged by rational notions. This paper defines what surrealism meant to the artists from the 1920s and 30s. It also identifies many surrealist artists, including Andre Breton, Yves Tanguy, Paul Magritte, Salvador Dali, and how they contributed to the surrealism movement.
From the Paper
"Yves Tanguy, a painter, played a vital role in spreading the concept of Surrealism. He became influenced by Surrealism in 1924, after seeing the periodical La R?volution surr?alist. Tanguy was greatly motivated to make art that depicted his inner world of dreams and the sub-conscious mind. The style in which Tanguy painted his paintings is referred to as Surrealism. Tanguy, like any other Surrealist believed that images and encounters in dreams could be used as an inducement for art. As a result, dreams, fantasy, and the element of chance played a significant part in his profession."
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Romantic Comedy, 2004.
Analysis of the romantic comedy genre.
2,129 words (approx. 8.5 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 66.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the romantic comedy genre in the context of the movies, "Pretty Woman," "Runaway Bride", and "Notting Hill". The paper points out how the typical theme of romantic comedies has been updated, but still remains the same. In other words, the female characters in romantic comedy are still portrayed as independent women with a certain amount of power, yet still craving a relationship with a man who will be at their side when needed.
From the Paper
"Ever since the invention of the cinema, the art of filmmaking has evolved tremendously. In the early days the audience of these cinemas was hungry for any type of screening of films, merely waiting for something new and innovative coming their way. Thus, film makers though limited by their tools and technology tended to repeat or imitate stories in real life so that movies started to develop certain norms or conventions. A western movie thus would have the good guy and the bad guy always at odds; eerie music marked the tone in a horror movie; the loss of a girl was common in a romantic comedy. Filmmakers started to categorize movies into broad categories like thriller, romantic comedy and horror and subsequent sub-categories. Such categorization came to be known as "genre" which in French means "sort", "type? or "kind" ("Genre" 2004)."
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Da Vinci, Michelangelo, and Vroom, 2004.
A comparative analysis of the art of Leonardo Da Vinci and Michelangelo to that of Hendrick Cornelisz Vroom.
1,703 words (approx. 6.8 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 55.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at how the work of Leonardo Da Vinci and Michelangelo Buonarroti expressed the Renaissance ideals that are now seen as inspired genius and the universal man. In comparison, it explores how the realism of Dutch art, such as that expressed in Vroom?s "Sea Battle", is very different from works rendered during the High Renaissance, due mostly to the complete absence of religious iconography. It discusses how the greatest difference lies in the fact that Vroom?s painting reflects future artistic movement toward realism that would culminate with the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in the early to mid 1700s, a time when the works of Da Vinci and Michelangelo would be viewed as remnants of a past age filled with idealism and the constraints of religious temperament.
From the Paper
"One of his greatest artistic accomplishments lies in the refectory of the church of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan, Italy, namely The Last Supper which is considered by many as his most impressive work. This painting is the first great figure composition of the High Renaissance and is definitely the greatest interpretation of its themes. Christ and the twelve apostles are seated in a simple, spacious room at a long table set parallel to the plane of the picture. The highly dramatic action of the painting is made still more emphatic by the placement of the group in the austere, quiet setting. Christ, with his hands outstretched, appears to be confirming that one of his apostles will betray him which causes a wave of intense excitement among the group as each one asks himself and his comrades which one will be the culprit."
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The National Gallery Museum, 2004.
Discusses a history of this London art museum and some of the more famous paintings housed there.
1,078 words (approx. 4.3 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 37.95
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Abstract
The National Gallery Museum is home to some of the world?s most famous paintings, including "Venus and Mars" by Sandro Botticelli and "Sunflowers" by Vincent van Gogh. This paper presents a history on the museum, including the addition of the Sainsbury wing and then describes several paintings stored in the museum. It also provides an architectural description of the museum.
From the Paper
"The atmosphere of the Early Renaissance gallery is sophisticated, accessible and subdued. Lighting is a combination of artificial light and natural light that is automatically controlled and "delicately balanced" (Venturi, Scott Brown & Associates). The wing takes advantage of natural lighting as much as possible, and is designed to reduce damaging ultraviolet radiation. The color of the walls is designed to minimize distraction, and showcase the individual works (The National Gallery Museum, Building). A "gently implied hierarchy" of rooms (ranging from small to medium and large rooms) make up the galleries (Venturi, Scott Brown & Associates)."
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Georgia O?Keeffe, 2004.
An examination of artist Georgia O?Keeffe and her accomplishments as a woman artist in the early 20th century.
2,214 words (approx. 8.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 68.95
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Abstract
This paper explains how Georgia O?Keeffe was a distinguished artist whose works illustrate the possibilities of potential of every artist determined to succeed. It shows how she was instrumental in exposing an artistic style that became dominant in America during the 20th century. Her work is often described as abstract, expressionistic, and passionate. O?Keeffe?s life is filled with accomplishments that can be attributed to her determination to express herself as well as possible through her paintings. She was courageous and passionate, and these qualities shine through her vast collection of diverse paintings.
From the Paper
"O?Keeffe was one of the first female painters to become recognized for her work, which is quite an achievement considering that when she began painting, women were not allowed to vote. (Spangenburg 4) O?Keeffe?s early exposure to the women?s suffrage movement is perhaps one of the most influential factors in her life. According to John Kehoe, this independence was present in every aspect of her life. He says, ?She made most of her own clothes. She did not drink, avoided sugar, took a quantity of vitamins, and abjured all drugs, medicinal and otherwise: Her cure for a headache was wrapping a warm scarf around her head? (Kehoe). Even her personal life illustrates a dogged individuality."
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Memorials, 2004.
Comparison of the World Trade Center Memorial and the Vietnam Memorial.
1,037 words (approx. 4.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
This paper compares two of the more recently constructed memorials honoring America's fallen: the World Trade Center Memorial, which honors those who died in the September 11, Twin Towers attack; and the Vietnam Memorial, which honors the young men and women who served and lost their lives in the Vietnam War.
From the Paper
"Those entering the contest for the Vietnam Memorial had to be a United States citizen who was at least 18 years old, and by the March 31, 1981 deadline, 2,573 individuals and teams had submitted 1421 designs. The designs were listed by numbers in order to maintain anonymity, and after narrowing down the entries to 39, the jury chose ?Number 1026 as it clearly met the spirit and formal requirements of the program. They felt its open nature would encourage access on all occasions, at all hours, without barriers, and yet free the visitors from the noise and traffic of the surrounding city (thewall-usa.com).?"
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?The Holy Family with the Infant Saint John", 2004.
An analysis of this painting from the 1500s by Andrea del Sarto.
1,916 words (approx. 7.7 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 61.95
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Abstract
This paper provides a critical analysis of the painting, ?The Holy Family with the Infant Saint John", by Renaissance artist, Andrea del Sarto, which is exhibited in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. The paper also discusses the impact of del Sarto's times on his work.
From the Paper
"Another value that became prevalent during the period when humanism was rising was the value of the individual becoming more important than it had ever been before. That, too, is obvious in this painting. The most important individual is the infant Saint John, and the painter could not possibly have combined better the attributes of infancy?fat little limbs and chubby cheeks?and those of wisdom?depth in the eyes, sensitivity in the hand placed lovingly but searchingly on the orb, and a slight tucking of the lips, as if the baby wanted to say something, but was thinking better of it. In addition to being supremely individualized, this portrait says much about the character of saints and the concept of saintly wisdom prevalent in Europe at the time."
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Sartre, 2004.
Examines the changes in the literary and artistic scene in France from before WWI to after WWII, with an emphasis on the works of Jean-Paul Sartre.
2,811 words (approx. 11.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 83.95
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Abstract
This paper details the evolution of French artistic and literary expression from before WWI to after WWII. Dadaism, Surrealism, Absurdism, and many of the famous writers of those periods are examined. The paper focuses on the works of Jean-Paul Sartre and looks at influences on his writing, as well as his impact on the Absurdist movement. The paper also analyzes some of Sartre's more famous plays and discusses his philosophy.
From the Paper
"There was a brief period of economic prosperity and progress in France, called the belle ?poque (beautiful epoch) before World War I in the early years of the 20th century and right before the wave of pessimism began in the 1920s (Cosper 2004). At this time, inventions like the telephone, the automobile, the airplane and the cinema refreshed modern life. Literature turned away from old styles, such as naturalism, and into the newer and more exciting forms, like cubism and bold experiments by Apollinaire. Other playwrights followed the lead of Apollinaire and introduced stage innovations, among them, Alfred Jarry with his extravagant farce in Ubu Roi in 1896 and Ubu King in 1951 and Paul Claudel. Alain-Fournier?s novel, ?The Wanderer,? denied the limitations realists and naturalists placed on the human imagination and philosopher Henri Bergson proposed the naturalist view that human destiny was predetermined and that people had freewill and unlimited creative energy (Cosper)."
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The Art of Graffiti, 2004.
Examines the history of graffiti, with special focus on a well-known graffiti artist.
1,370 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 3 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the art of graffiti. The author focuses on the history and meaning of street graffiti using the work of one well-known graffiti artist to draw from for examples. The work of world renowned graffiti artist, Cool Disco Dan, is examined and explored.
From the Paper
"If one drives through any inner-city area in the nation one will see graffiti along the walls, subways and sides of buildings. Many people believe that graffiti is little more than gang vandalism, used to tag and mark areas that they believe they ?own,? but with graffiti?s long history and widespread use it represents much more than that. While it is true that some gangs use a tagging process to mark their geography grounds, true graffiti has nothing to do with tagging. Graffiti is an art form and is often referred to as the language of the street."
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Henri Matisse, 2004.
A biography of the life and influences of the French painter, Henri Matisse.
1,377 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the life of Henri Matisse, born in 1869 in the north of France. It explores how, unlike many artists of the turn of the century and during the two world wars, Matisse remained steadfast in his attention to the same subjects he had always painted: interiors; landscapes; and people. It shows how he never gave up his intense palette in favor of the muddy and neutralized colors favored by the disillusioned and discontent, despite the near-abstract qualities of his paintings in his later years.
From the Paper
"In fact, there is very likely to have been a direct influence by Signac?s work on Matisse?s decision to paint Le Bonheur. In 1895, Signac had displayed the painting he regarded as his masterpiece at the Salon des Independants. The painting, In the Time of Harmony, was a large allegorical composition setting forth Signac?s anarchist beliefs. (Hughes, date unknown) That sort of ideation and the subject matter needed to convey it would not have been appealing to Matisse, as apolitical as he was. But Matisse was interested in the concepts of Baudelaire, who attempted to reconcile the distressing portions of the ?modern age? with an idealized antiquity."
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Picasso's "Les Demoiselles d?Avignon", 2004.
Explores the significance of Picasso's famous painting to his career as an artist.
5,110 words (approx. 20.4 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 128.95
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Abstract
This paper looks at the changes that took place in Picasso's artistry and his approach to painting that inspired him to paint "Les Demoiselles d'Avignon", one of Picasso's most famous pieces. It analyzes the painting and explains why, at the time it was painted, it was considered so outrageous and daring. The paper looks at the major artistic influences in Picasso's life as well.
From the Paper
"According to Roland Penrose, ?the one single person that predominated the development of the arts during the 20th century was Pablo Picasso,? 1 and it is largely due to him that the conception of art as a powerful emotional medium, rather than a search for the perfection of ideal forms of beauty, has become accepted among the artists of the present day. The return to a fundamental belief that art should spring from a primitive need to express our feelings toward the world around us in strong emotional terms makes us more prone to value a work of art for its vitality than for its perfection. In return, it is the exceptional power of Picasso?s work that compels the viewer to discover in his art the mysterious presence of beauty."
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Primitivism in Modern Art, 2004.
Explores the influence that primitive art has had on modern art.
923 words (approx. 3.7 pages), 10 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper describes how modern art appropriated images from so called "primitive" cultures and describes the social changes that prompted this attraction to primitive art forms. The paper also discusses some of Picasso's works and notes how these works were influenced by African culture and art.
From the Paper
"A central facet of modernist art was the questioning of and dissatisfaction with the traditional views of life and art, and the concomitant rejection of established standards in the search for the new and different. Social factors such as the First World War also lent impetus to this search for alternative views of reality that was expressed in modernist art. In their search for alternative styles and means of expression, artists were attracted to the unusual and exotic. African art was one of the areas that supplied images and artistic energy that inspired many artists of the time. Artists like Picasso and Gauguin found formal ideas and images in the so-called primitive societies that resonated with energy and a new artistic rhythm."
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"Interior of Cathedral at Aachen", 2004.
An analysis of the "Interior of Cathedral at Aachen" by Hendrick van Steenwijk.
1,204 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
Description of ?Interior of Cathedral at Aachen?, done in 1573 by Hendrick van Steenwijk. The writer also describes his own personal appreciation for this particular piece, as well as the artist's works in general. Finally, the paper offers some background information on the artist.
From the Paper
"The title of the oil painting "Interior of Cathedral at Aachen" 1573 by the Flemish Hendrick van Steenwijk (c.1550-1603) might originally strike in the reader?s mind with the image and impression of a high-reaching cathedral that shocks the eye. A viewer expecting such a work, however, will find him or herself quite disappointed. Upon first glance of this work hanging in the Rhode Island School of Design Museum of Providence, Rhode Island, a viewer is immediately struck by the painting?s conveyed sense of smallness and interiority. Rather than reaching out to the heavens, the painting takes place and evolves in its perspective through the use and succession of a series of curves and half-circles. The circular, cloistering sense is further confirmed by the shadows that play upon the depicted corridor of the cathedral."
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"The Valley of the Fallen", 2004.
Analysis of the Francoist monument and mausoleum in central Spain, known as "The Valley of the Fallen".
3,641 words (approx. 14.6 pages), 9 sources, APA, $ 101.95
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Abstract
This paper uses the Francoist monument, "The Valley of the Fallen" (Valle de los Ca?dos), as a case study for analytical techniques associated with memory studies, cultural history, and reception theory.
From the Paper
"The Spanish Civil War ended, after three years of often brutal fighting, with the total victory of the Nationalists in March 1939. The decree announcing the foundation of the monument was dated 1 April 1940, one year precisely after the famous telegram in which Franco had signalled the end of the Civil War with the declaration ?the war is over?. The first of April, which became known as the ?Day of Victory?, was also the date upon which the completed Valley of the Fallen was eventually inaugurated, in 1959. Franco himself chose the site for the monument, after a lengthy search: the dramatic valley of Cuelgamuros in the granite foothills of the Sierra de Guadarrama, thirty-five miles north-east of Madrid."
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African Art, 2004.
Takes a look at African art forms, with a focus on art from Benin and Sierra Leone.
908 words (approx. 3.6 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 32.95
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Abstract
This paper talks about some of the art produced in Benin and Sierra Leone and why so much of the more ancient art of that region no longer remains. The paper then describes art from Benin that is approximately 500 years old and more recent artwork from Sierra Leone made in the 19th century. The naturalistic heads and bodies of the Ife tribes of Benin and the Nowo masks from Sierra Leone are described, and the materials and techniques used are explained as well. Images of both types of art are included with the paper.
From the Paper
"Art from Benin, located in the rainforests of Nigeria on the coastal plain west of the Niger River, first came to the Western world in 1897, when members of a British expedition took out thousands of objects as war plunder after the English conquest. Through government and private sales, Benin sculptures were soon found on the shelves and displays of museums and personal collections in England, Europe and America (Ben-Amos, 9). The art of Benin is unique in Africa, due to its unusual makeup of cast brass and carved ivory. Much of artwork from this country acts as a heritage to the Royal Kingdom of Benin, one of the greatest times in the continent?s history (Ezra, 2)."
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