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Genocide, 2006.
A discussion of the history of genocide and its implications.
1,977 words (approx. 7.9 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 62.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the history of genocide in the world. It discusses specific examples of genocide and gendercide throughout history - focusing on when and where they took place, as well as details of how and why they were carried out. It also discusses law that have been established with regards to acts of genocide.
From the Paper
" One of the most notorious modern acts of gendercide and genocide in the world occurred in the Bosnian silver-mining town, called Srebrenica, in July 1995 (Jones 2001). The events in this town were the culmination of the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina, the most vicious genocidal battleground in the Balkans conflict. This conflict started in 1992 and was characterized by large-scale genocidal and gendercidal acts. The Balkans is a major mountain range in Southeast Europe spanning 563 kilometers from Yugoslavia through central Bulgaria to the Black Sea. Bosnia is a region in the northern part of Herzegovina, while Herzegovina is the region in the southern part. The Serbs were the settlers in Bosnia in the seventh century until it became independent in the 12th century. It came under the control of Turkey in 1463 along with Herzegovina until the latter's conquest by the Austro-Hungarian Empire after 1878 and the addition of Bosnia in 1908. After World War II, Bosnia and Herzegovina united to form a constituent republic of Yugoslavia, which existed from 1946 to 1991."
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The Nazi's Rise to Power, 2006.
Differing perspectives on the Nazis' rise to power.
2,618 words (approx. 10.5 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
The paper examines the reasons behind the Nazi's rise to power. The writer analyzes the militant nationalism and authoritarianism that were the building blocks of German society at that time. The paper further discusses how German society blamed the victors of WWI for the future rise of the Nazi Regime, and the anti-Semitism that lead to the death camps.
From the Paper
"The Injustice and Identity Frames notwithstanding, there are those revisionist historians who have sought other explanations for the collapse of Humanistic Civilization in Germany during the period of Nazi ascendancy. Taylor has already mentioned the god-like awe in which the devoted Nazi held his or her Fuhrer. Hitler was pushed down the path of carnage and destruction by the irresistible force of the Jewish menace, but in taking that path, he would end up the savior of the German race."
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Anti-Semitism, 2006.
A study of the history of anti-Semitism through the ages.
1,464 words (approx. 5.9 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 48.95
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Abstract
This paper examines how although the term anti-Semitism is reasonably new--dating back to the latter half of the nineteenth century--prejudice and persecution of Europe's Jewish community began as long ago as the rise of Hellenistic culture in Greece. It discusses how Judaism has become the object of state-sanctioned persecution. It also looks at how from early Roman times into the twentieth century, Jews have occupied exclusive residences and communities within nations dominated by competing religions and how this, in turn, generated additional hostilities among those who believed that the Jews had been afforded some exceptional status.
From the Paper
"After emancipation, by the 1860s it could have been "concluded that European Jewry was becoming completely integrated." (Katz, 14). Yet, these political advances, it would seem, masked an underlying social force: the demand to find new grounds upon which to single the Jewish people out. Ultimately, this is the only reasonable cause for the dramatic turn of events that, once again, identified Jews as a troubling sect within European society: "Writers, politicians, and scholars in the 1870s, again attacked Jews and found their onslaught so well received by the general public that an entire movement sprang up, one openly proclaiming its opposition to Jews." (Katz, 14). This, however, was a new form of anti-Jewish literature; no-longer were Jews merely hated on the basis of their role in the death of Christ, or their peculiar social station, but also upon racial and wholly secular grounds. "
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Two Holocaust Diaries, 2006.
An comparison of two works of literature about the authors' experiences during the Holocaust.
1,576 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 2 sources, APA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This essay compares and contrasts two works of literature written during the Holocaust. Two diaries, one written by Elie Wiesel and the other by Chaim A. Kaplan, are examined from their differing approaches to a shared horrific experience. The paper further explains that the authors both needed the diaries to survive the war to act as testimonies of their trials. The paper describes the two authors' backgrounds as contributing to their different approaches to the tragedy of the Holocaust. Finally, the author views these two works as being of tremendous historical value.
From the Paper
"Kaplan seems ready to place blame upon virtually every group within and without Europe, for the historical and political forces he deemed responsible for his experiences. At times he condemns the ancient prophets for bringing down the wrath of heaven; he also expresses anger towards the Jewish police in the Ghettos; he also identifies what he calls the "conspiracy of silence" among Western leaders who allow Jewish persecution to continue. Similarly, Wiesel is not content to merely blame the Germans for what he was forced to endure. Wiesel takes great care, within the pages of Night, to illustrate the notion that the evil he felt and witness was not merely limited to the soldiers who inflicted the various forms of torture and death upon those in the Holocaust; instead, he sees the historical circumstances as having brought out the evil in everyone. He documents the terrible selfishness that conditions within Auschwitz awakened within the prisoners: "Here, every man has to fight for himself and not think of anyone else. . . . Here, there are no fathers, no brothers, no friends. Everyone lives and dies for himself alone." (Wiesel, 70-1). "
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Setting and Plot in Puig's and Levi's Novels, 2006.
Comparing and contrasting "Kiss of the Spider Woman" by Manuel Puig and "If This Is a Man" by Primo Levi.
1,663 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
Using the books "Kiss of the Spider Woman" by Manuel Puig and "If This Is a Man" by Primo Levi, this paper looks at how plot is developed through the characters' tales of their lives to help lift them from their oppressive environments. The paper shows how characterization and setting are often key elements in plot development in a novel.
Introduction
Analysis
Comparison of Works
Contrasting
Conclusions
From the Paper
"In both novels the settings and characters affect the plot. In each instance the characters attempt to rise above their gloomy existence through narrative. This is done via use of a fictional telling in Puig's novel, and Levi's real life day to day encounters in his work. In "Kiss of the Spider Woman," only two characters exist and the prison cell is enough to cause a chemical reaction to take place. In this case each of the characters must pass time and do so through story telling and by caring for one another. In "If This is a Man," Primo has to bury his dignity and identity. This is an essential part of the plot and structure of the novel. This aspect of the work also represents transformation much like that which occurs in Puigo's work. For example, in Chapter 1 prior to his arrest Primo is rebellious. However by chapter two the main character is presented as a hollow man, reduced to suffering and needs. Here he has reached the lowest of lows. Later Primo's name is replaced by a prison number that allows him to get food. This too represents the lack of dignity and respect the character must undergo. In Chapter 13 during the selection to the gas chamber, the experience of cold and hunger, the reader is left with little margin for thought. The main character must under these circumstances and challenges resign himself to despair which occurs on page 131."
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"Judgement at Nuremberg", 2006.
An historical review of the 1961 film "Judgement at Nuremberg".
2,900 words (approx. 11.6 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 85.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the historical veracity of the 1961 movie "Judgment at Nuremberg", a fictionalized account of the post-World War II Nuremberg Trials. The film focuses on an actual trial of judges who carried out the laws promulgated by the Nazi State. The paper provides an extremely detailed outline of the movie's plot development, delving into an analysis of the characters and their actions and motivations. The paper concludes by examining how the movie parallels -- and deviates from -- history.
From the Paper
"Assigned to the trial as Chief Judge is Dan Haywood (Spencer Tracy), a low profile justice, who by his own admission, was not the original or subsequent choice. The prosecutor is Col. Tad Lansing (Richard Widmark) an "army man" who vows to convict the four ex-German Judges. Defending the accused is Hans Rolfe (Maximilian Schell) who must convince the court that the defendants were acting only for the love of their country. Among the defendants are respected Judge Ernst Janning (Burt Lancaster) who has written several books on law accepted the world over. Lawson accuses the defendants of signing orders for the sterilization of innocent men and the execution of those who opposed to the Reich and the extermination of the Jews. He puts Rudolph Peterson (Montgomery Clift) on the stand as a victim of sterilization. Rolfe manages to expose the pitiful Peterson as mentally challenged. Later Irene Hoffman (Judy Garland) is put on the stand to explain her alleged affair at the age of 16 with an elderly Jew. As his coup de grace, Lawson shows a film depicting the horrors of German concentration camps.
In between the sessions, Judge Haywood strikes up a friendship with Madame Bertholt (Marlene Dietrich) the widow of a former German general, in whose former home the judge is staying. In spite of their differences they begin to grow fond of each other."
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Racism and its Influence on Society, 2006.
A study of racism in the United States and the world.
3,480 words (approx. 13.9 pages), 14 sources, MLA, $ 98.95
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Abstract
This paper studies racism and intermingling of racism in the United States. The paper discusses why, despite emancipation and the civil rights movements, racism persists and races do not intermingle in America. The author includes a survey of the events involved in the emancipation and integration of African-Americans into American society. The paper also surveys various types of racism around the world in history, while focusing on the plight of African-Americans and Native Americans in the United States.
From the Paper
"Racism and its impact have been felt all over the world and the innate struggles and tussles that racism involves are being felt not only in the United States of America but also across the entire world. In the United States of America, racism has been in a particularly virulent form, and this may be because of the undeniable fact that America has been built on the labor of African slaves, and also on the labor obtained by the exploitation of poor immigrants. In the year 1860, there was a Civil War that sought to demand the abolition of slavery, and this did end the cruelty of slavery. However, during and after the defeat of Post War reconstruction, both capitalists as well as plantation owners subjected 'Black People' to a sort of 'semi-slavery', and this continued until the Mass Struggles by the African-Americans that came into force during the middle of the 1950's."
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Swiss Banking, 2005.
Examines the difference between Swiss and U.S. banks and explores the history of Swiss banking.
2,500 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
In addition to the secrecy of Swiss banks, they differ from U.S. banks in two other significant ways, the variety of services offered and the quality of their loans. This paper examines the history of Swiss banking and compares it to the American banking system. The paper also discusses the billions of dollars belonging to Holocaust victims that were held by the Swiss banks for so many years, before a solution was found.
From the Paper
"In 1996 US Senator Alfonse D'Amato (R-NY) brought this issue to the attention of the US government and hearings were held in the Senate. On February 6, 1997, three Swiss banks, following intense pressure form the US, announced they would create a humanitarian fund of 100 million Swiss Francs ($70 million US Dollars). Jewish organizations were critical, however, estimating that there could be billions unaccounted-for. Later that year, the Swiss government created a humanitarian fund of five billion dollars."
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Trans-generational Effects of Holocaust, 2005.
Examines how the Holocaust influences second and third generations.
2,290 words (approx. 9.2 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 70.95
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Abstract
The Holocaust is a painful reminder that humanity can turn upon itself and inflict incomprehensible damage. It undoubtedly altered the course of millions of lives, many of which are still attempting to heal, despite the decades that separate the event from the present. Naturally, survivors of the Holocaust acutely feel the aftermath of this horrific persecution. The paper shows that what is not commonly known, however, is the ripple effect currently underway that impacts the second and also the third generation of individuals whose relatives fell victim to the Holocaust. In an attempt to understand the complexity of this phenomenon, this paper separately examines each generation and the ways in which the Holocaust has affected it, and how this trans-generational transmission occurs.
From the Paper
"As previously mentioned, adult survivors of the Holocaust exhibit different reactions to their wartime tragedies than their younger counterparts. Some use black humor to ease an otherwise unbearable situation (Klein, 1990). Immediately following liberation, 'an extreme sense of insecurity resulted in the need to search for someone, somewhere, who might by a miracle still be alive' (Eitinger, 1429). For many, this uncertainty persists today. As one researcher indicates, adult Holocaust survivors regard highly a sense of normalcy (Bender, 2004). This means that despite internal suffering, they attempt to externally appear well-adjusted and functional. "
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Contrasting Two Works from the Holocaust Literature, 2006.
A look at the contrasting works "Survival in Auschwitz: The Nazi Assault on Humanity" by Primo Levi and "A Scrap of Time and Other Stories" by Ida Fink. The two books offer opportunities for interesting contrasts,
1,548 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 50.95
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Abstract
In this comparative review, the author looks at two prominent books written about the Holocaust, "Survival in Auschwitz: The Nazi Assault on Humanity" by Primo Levi and "A Scrap of Time and Other Stories" by Ida Fink. The paper starts with a brief but poignant history of the Holocaust and the attitudes to it. The author then proceeds to look at the two books which in his opinion offer opportunities for interesting contrasts. He highlights how Levi has written a factual account of his personal experiences towards the end of the war whereas Fink is considered to have written a fiction story which covers the whole period of the war even though she was also subjected to the horrors of the war. The author concludes that even though both books are categorized differently they both tell the same horrific story of man's inhumanity to man and neither book will let you shrug.
From the Paper
"Though both books describe events that revile even the most stoic among us, the two authors seem to emphasize different aspects of the experiences described. Levi's work is essentially a success story. Will and grit, and a little luck, lead to his survival. As the author remarks, "Man's capacity to dig himself in, to secrete a shell, to build around himself a tenuous barrier of defence [sic], even in apparently desperate circumstances, is astonishing and merits a serious study" (56). Fink's book reports few successes. Parents sacrifice children, friends turn on friends, individuals are forced to face and embrace their darkest selves. Though both authors tell chilling tales, Levi
seems to offer more hope, while Fink leaves the reader with feelings of deep despair."
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Holocaust Deniers and Education, 2006.
A refutation of arguments used by Holocaust deniers.
1,767 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 56.95
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Abstract
The writer explains that Holocaust deniers feel that the material taught in schools and colleges is propaganda written by Jews to gain sympathy, collect money for the State of Israel and to perpetrate hatred of the Nazi movement. It explains that the Holocaust deniers feel that their opinions should be taught in schools and colleges as part of the curriculum. The writer contends that the Holocaust curriculum taught is accurate and need not include claims made by historical deniers. The paper brings the three main arguments made by Holocaust deniers. The writer states objections to each argument and raises doubts about them. In conclusion, the writer states that Holocaust deniers have no logical arguments when confronted with information that is contrary to their beliefs and that the historical convergence of evidence proving the Holocaust did happen overpowers the illogical thinking of the deniers.
Table of Contents:
Statement
Argument One
Objection
Reply
Argument Two
Objection
Reply
Argument Three
Objection
Reply
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Holocaust deniers do not deny that there are gas chambers and that some were even used to murder concentration camp victims. We simply state that they were not used for the mass murder of Jews during the Final Solution. They were there for the delousing of linens and clothing. There is not one shred of written proof that the Jews were ordered to die by gas chambers. As for the crematorium, we also do not argue that conditions in concentration camps were harsh, causing the death of many. Crematoriums were the most efficient way to dispose of the bodies who died naturally at the concentration camps."
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Australian Post-War Immigration, 2006.
A study of historical research regarding post-World War II immigration to Australia.
2,650 words (approx. 10.6 pages), 37 sources, APA, $ 79.95
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Abstract
This paper examines and summarizes dozens of research studies about immigrants to Australia in the aftermath of World War II. The paper focuses on the works of social scientists -- primarily sociologists -- regarding the displaced placed persons phenomenon and its impact on Australia. The paper also looks at studies that researched the ability of these DPs to integrate into Australian society -- both at the time and over the long-term. Another study focuses on the corollaries between the DP immigration and later immigration from the Far East and Asia. Finally, the paper looks at research into the Australian governments handling of immigration and immigrant issues.
From the Paper
"Post war immigration is discussed briefly in general histories of Australia such as Crawford, Shaw and Ward. In these surveys, the reasons for Australia new immigration policy are discussed briefly, with some mention of the Displaced Persons Scheme, but in no great detail. The first thorough archival research work on the topic was conducted by Andrew Markus and in 1984 he published two articles in Labour History, the first concentrated on the development of post war immigration policy. Markus argued that prior to World War II, the Australian Labor Party opposed governmentally sponsored immigration plans on the grounds that an increased work force would strengthen the bargaining position of employers. During and immediately following the war, however, Labor endorsed immigration as a means of securing Australia's ability to defend itself and to develop the nation's resources. The second article specifically examined the Displaced Persons Scheme. Markus discussed the origins of the scheme, the reasons for its expansion and government attempts to gain the support of unions , the media and the general public. A feature of Markus's work is his detailed use of the Department of Immigration files. Markus pioneered the use of this important archival resource. Markus's articles were followed by longer studies in the late 1980s. In 1988 Glenda Sluga's work on Bonegilla was published."
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The Creation of the State of Israel, 2006.
Examines why the United Nations agreed to back the creation of a Jewish state in Palestine in 1947.
2,584 words (approx. 10.3 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 78.95
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Abstract
For every historical event, there are numerous interpretations as to why it occurred. The U.N. Mandate to create the State of Israel involved a complexity of issues and complications whose ramifications continue to resonate in the world today. The reasons for the creation of the Mandate and the resulting fate of the Palestinian people began long before the actual Mandate itself. To analyze why the U.N. created Israel, this paper examines several contributing factors: The force and desires of the Zionist movement, the Balfour Declaration, the relationship between Britain, the United States and various Arab countries, British and American interests in Palestine and the impact of the Holocaust. The paper takes on a pro-Palestine perspective.
From the Paper
"However, if the Exodus incident had not occurred then the visit by UNSCOP to the Displaced Persons Camps would have swung the vote in the Zionist's favor. There, the Committee members had to face over 350,000 Holocaust survivors. No matter what land claims the Palestinians had in their favor, the Committee could not bring themselves to ignore the plight of those who had survived the Nazi death camps. The Committee became convinced that a Jewish state was now the only solution (Ibid 25)."
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Karl Adolf Eichmann: The Banality of Evil, 2006.
An examination of the impact the actions and the trial of Adolf Eichmann has had on history and society.
3,489 words (approx. 14.0 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 98.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses aspects of the Holocaust with particular focus on Karl Adolf Eichmann (1906-62), a Nazi official responsible for the execution of millions of Jews during World War II. The paper looks at how his decisions about which Jews would be allowed to emigrate (and later, which Jews would be sent to their deaths) affected society and how his eventual capture influenced the way in which the world thought about horrible war crimes and the people who committed them. The paper explains that Eichmann forever changed the course of history for millions during the war, and his trial changed the way sociologists, psychologists, and historians would think about Hitler's executioners.
From the Paper
"Eichmann could not have impacted history on his own: that is one of the facts that caused such an impact. It had been commonly thought that only powerful men and women, either by great or by infamous deeds, could influence their communities and the world. Eichmann disproved this theory. He was a mild man who followed orders to the best of his ability and loyally attempted to serve his country well in a time of war. In effect, he acted according to accepted values and standards. When he was finally captured in 1960 and tried in Jerusalem, the world awaited the trial of a madman whose inherent evil nature would be revealed by the court. His years of hiding were over, and his mild nature was expected to drop from him like a curtain, exposing the moral corruption that allowed him to send millions to their deaths. Sociologists awaited a monumental event; survivors awaited answers, admissions of guilt before the law, and justice. None of these were forthcoming from the trial."
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Elie Wiesel's "Night", 2006.
A discussion and review of Elie Wiesel's famous book about his experiences as a victim of the holocaust.
1,212 words (approx. 4.8 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 41.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a highly positive review of Elie Wiesel's novel, "Night", explaining that the book is the most riveting and inspiring of his works, as well as the most profound and heart-wrenching of all the works written on the subject.
From the Paper
"He describes in vivid detail his fight for survival from the time he and his family were deported along with the other inhabitants of Sighet in Transylvania in 1944. During the next few months he and his father endured the degradation and fear of the concentration camps after watching his mother and sisters be led off to their deaths in the ovens at Birkenau. The two survived a year of labor in Auschwitz and Buna before finally being moved to Buchenwald, as the Germans were on the run from the Allied front. Wiesel was liberated by Allied forces who entered Buchenwald in 1945, days after the death of his father."
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