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The Holocaust, 2005.
This paper is a literature review to assess the way gender differences affected the victims of the Holocaust.
2,390 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the assumptions that (1) Holocaust victims received differential treatment based on gender (2) gender differences affected the victims' overall survival skills and coping mechanisms and (3) the unique hardships of each sex ultimately affected how they experienced the Holocaust. The author points out that Nazi policies, which stemmed from Hitler's racist and sexist ideologies, emphasized punishing Jewish women specifically for the crime of spawning the "anti-race" and humiliated them by forcing the women imprisoned in concentration camps to exist in tattered clothing, which barely covered their bodies. The paper concludes that gender variances experienced by victims of the Holocaust, help to better understand that, though all people are equal, gender does influence the type and the extent of treatment received from oppressing forces such as the Nazis.
From the Paper
"Aside from the variances in the types of violence men and women were subjected to, there roles within the ghettos and concentration camps often differed. Men were more likely to be deported to labor camps; the women typically lingered behind in the ghettos and struggled to carry on with domestic duties while attempting to secure enough food for the children, before they too were moved to concentration camps. Many women who were believed to be working against the best interest of the Third Reich were immediately executed rather than deported along with the men.Throughout this period of time, women also served as couriers and liaisons in resistance operations."
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Josef Stalin and the Birth of Soviet Russia, 2002.
A personal account of the rise of Josef Stalin and the effects on the Polish people through a first-hand, personal interview of a gulag survivor.
5,000 words (approx. 20.0 pages), 15 sources, APA, $ 126.95
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Abstract
A detailed paper that outlines the history, rise, fall and death of Josef Stalin in Soviet Russia. It contains the first-hand account of capture and imprisonment in a gulag by the author's grandfather, a Polish citizen at the time.
Paper Outline:
The Man
The Ascendance
The Terror
The War
The End
From the Paper
"Iosif Vissarionovich Djugashvili was born December 21, 1879 in Gori, Georgia; a small agricultural town situated about one hundred miles east of the Black Sea. Iosif was the son of an alcoholic cobbler and a pious peasant woman. He grew up with no siblings, because the families' first three children had died shortly after birth. Consequently, young Iosif was treasured by his mother who made great sacrifices throughout her life for him. An extremely hard-working woman, Yekaterina Djugashvili worked as a domestic servant to augment her husband's meager earnings. However, even the parents' combined incomes were not enough to keep the small family above the poverty line."
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Logotherapy, 2005.
This paper discusses the concept of logotherapy as presented by Viktor Frankl's "Man's Search for Meaning".
1,120 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 38.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that logotherapy, "therapy through finding meaning" contains three basic beliefs: (1) Life has meaning under all circumstances even the most miserable ones; (2) the main motivation for living is the will to find meaning in life and (3) people have the freedom to find meaning in what they do and experience or at least in the attitude taken when faced with a situation of unchangeable
suffering. The author points out that Viktor Frankl developed the theory of logotherapy through the psychoanalysis of himself and other prisoners of concentration camps during the Holocaust. The paper reveals that Frankl observed that people are willing to endure any suffering, if they are convinced that this suffering has meaning; however, suffering without meaning leads to despair.
From the Paper
"Each person has to decide what attitude to adopt. An example from the book to describe this theory is found during their liberation. Frankl explained that some of the prisoners, now being free, thought they could use their freedom licentiously and ruthlessly. The only thing that had changed for them was that they were now the oppressors instead of the oppressed. They justified their behavior by their own terrible experiences. He describes walking across a field of green crops with his friend who trampled on the young crops and became annoyed because Frankl did not follow. He shouted, "You don't say! And hasn't enough been taken from us? My wife and child have been gassed - not to mention everything else - and you would forbid me to tread on a few stalks of oats!" "
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Rwanda: Genocide, 2005.
An overview of the horrendous genocide against the Tutsi tribe in Rwanda in 1994.
885 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
This paper presents a timeline of events and conceptual analysis of the events leading up to the genocide of the Tutsis by the Hutus in Rwanda in 1994. The paper examines causes of, as well as events which occurred during the genocide. It also looks at the reaction of the international community and what can be done in the future to prevent such a tragedy happening again.
From the Paper
"Many of the early requests and pleas for help were denied. There
was a peacekeeping force in Rwanda called the United Nations
Assistance Mission for Rwanda, but when Force Commander General
Dallaire became aware of the genocide and asked for soldiers and
logistical support, the UN Security Council refused and voted to
reduce UNAMIR down to 260 men. The international community did not
believe that they had any place or any reason to help in Rwanda.
Senator Robert Dole stated, "I don't think we have any national
interest here. I hope we don't get involved there." This was the
thought process of many government officials at this point."
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Life of a Hitler Youth, 2003.
A review of Alfons Heck's book "A Child of Hitler".
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 0 sources, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the book "A Child of Hitler" written by Alfons Heck. The paper presents Heck's story of growing up in Nazi Germany and his affiliation with the Hitler youth movement. The paper examines the author's childhood and education, focusing on the Nationalist instruction he received. The paper questions whether Heck was a victim of the Nazi regime, even though he was a part of it.
From the Paper
"In A Child of Hitler written by Alfons Heck, he tells a story of a young boy who grew up entirely in Hitler's Germany and was a fanatic until the day the Allied troops took him captured in 1945. Even then he did not want to believe the horrors of the holocaust and other brutality's of the Nazi regime. Heck blames his way of thinking on the Nazi propaganda machine and feels he was a victim just as the Jewish population. Alfons Heck is definitely a victim of the Nazi's. Now many people could not believe this because he was a member of the Nazi's and participated in their activities. However it is because he was in the Hitler Youth and followed every order that was thrown his way. A boy of six years of age in 1933 until 1945 when the Nazi's surrendered, which he was brainwashed with the Nationalist Socialist ideals and knew nothing better."
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Nazi's Medical Experiments, 2005.
Medical experiments conducted in concentration camps during World War II
2,966 words (approx. 11.9 pages), 12 sources, MLA, $ 87.95
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Abstract
An overview of medical experiments conducted on prisoners in the camps by Nazi doctors. The writer looks at the main 'doctors' who were responsible for these experiments and includes personal accounts by some people who were lucky enough to survive. The paper concentrates on the types of medical experiments performed and the reasons why these were made possible, due to the way the concentration camps functioned.
From the Paper
"World War II was a period in which millions of atrocities were committed and millions of people were killed. Under the eye of the war, Hitler was able to perpetuate the massive killing of millions of people; the majority of them were Jewish, some others were gypsies, prisoners of war, political prisoners, homosexuals, Jehovah's Witnesses and more. The holocaust, as we called it today, was a massive genocide that changed the course of the world; the atrocity, and sadistic murders committed against innocent people marked forever the history of humankind. Hitler as the head of the Nazi Party was with no doubt the guiltiest person in this crime; however, camps were run by SS guards and SA guards, the perpetrators of the killing that were guilty as well. The concentration camps were indisputably, killing factories whether it was a death camp or not, where massive numbers of death and murders were occurring daily. The concentration camps were death factories due to the exploitation, starvation, the massive killing in gas chamber in some camps, and of course due to Medical Experiments."
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Yaffa Eliach's "Hasidic Tales of the Holocaust", 2004.
This paper examines three excerpts from the "Hasidic Tales of the Holocaust" by Yaffa Eliach to determine the impact of the Holocaust on the spiritual survival and modern consciousness of the Jewish people.
2,490 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 6 sources, APA, $ 75.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that addressing the events of the Holocaust from both an imaginative and realistic perspective allows for a better understanding of the experience from the people who were most affected: The six million Jews who were murdered, the survivors and the legacy of the Jewish heritage in the State of Israel. The author points out that the religious legacy of devotion to God and the sacrifices of the Jewish people, from a time-oriented, linear perspective, are described by Yaffa Eliach in the chapter, "Who Will Win This War?" in which she narrates the sufferings of Jewish prisoners doomed to Nazi labor battalions in Poland. The paper relates that the value of a religious education for the devout Jews at Bergen Belsen is reflected in the chapter, "What I Learned at My Father's Home," in which the author describes the sacrifices of one mother in an attempt to educate her children in Jewish law and tradition, even under these deprived circumstances.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Time Orientation of Narratives
Concepts and Treatment of Death
The Value of a Religious Education for the Devout Jews at Bergen Belsen
Primo Levi's Reaction to the Concept of Time during the Holocaust
The Survival of Primo Levi in Auschwitz
A Blessing on the Moon
Conclusion
From the Paper
"When the group of Jews refused the commandant's alternative of breaking their observance of Yom Kippur by repeatedly sliding down the mountain on the stomachs, the scene was described as, "At midnight, as the rains abated, the performance was stopped. The men were given food and drink. They lit small campfires, trying to dry their clothes and warm their shivering bodies. Their faces shone with a strange glow as they sat around the small campfires at the foot of Bornemissza. It seemed as if the campfires reflected the glow of their shining faces and burning eyes" (p. 105). This observance of an ancient religious ceremony in the face of such brutality prompted one young Nazi officer to tell the group of exhausted Jews: "I don't know who will win this war, but one thing I am sure of -- people like you, a nation like yours, will never be defeated, never!" '
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The Psychology Behind The Nazi Regime, 2003.
An investigation into the techniques and psychological elements that allowed Adolf Hitler and the Nazis to assume control over Germany in the 1930s.
4,163 words (approx. 16.7 pages), 13 sources, MLA, $ 111.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses the psychological techniques that Hitler and the Nazis used during the 1930s to assume control in Germany and maintain order until their defeat in 1945. The paper breaks down several sociological and psychological concepts such as obedience, conformity, the power of iconic symbols, national pride, and the authority of a centralized ideal over the individual. The paper demonstrates that the Nazis were adept at creating an environment in which the wounded German psyche, crippled from harsh treatment from the Versailles Treaty and foreign oppression, was able to restore its strength under the symbol of the swastika. While many Germans understood that the Nazis were perhaps corrupt and performing cruel actions against their fellow man, particular psychological elements that the Nazis installed upon their rise to power in the 1930s prohibited any individual from opposing their rule. The last part of the paper discusses how many Germans felt that following the Nazis was a way for them to restore the pride they had lost, and Hitler capitalized on this feeling with great effectiveness. There is also a brief description of the tactics that Goebbels used in using his Propaganda Ministry to keep the German masses completely under the heel of Nazi brutality.
From the Paper
"The inclination of human beings within any society to design and accommodate a government that protects their rights as citizens normally is considered top priority for any culture or ethnic group. Throughout history, societies have been influenced by many sociological factors that dictate what system of government they install, or in some cases, governments that are installed for the public by an authoritarian ruler. Nowhere in the annals of human existence can this forced subjugation of the masses be seen more clearly then in Nazi Germany, beginning in 1933 and ending after the Allied victory at Berlin in 1945. This particular case is peculiar however, for not only were the majority of citizens in Germany at the time willing to comply with Hitler's tyrannical government, but many individuals actively participated in the horror that was the Nazi regime. The question behind the German populace's compliance has been explained from the political and economic perspectives countless times, but the most interesting aspect of Adolf Hitler's Third Reich is from a sociological point of view."
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Civil Obedience.
This paper discusses that there is a fine line between civil obedience and blind obedience to authority.
1,780 words (approx. 7.1 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that people who cannot distinguish between civil obedience and blind obedience to authority can have a huge negative impact on society. The author points out that, when people do not obey the laws, anarchy is created and there is a total lack of organization and control. The paper relates that sometimes obeying authority can get out of hand and become too much, such as a police state, when a country's government uses police to exercise strict or oppressive control over the population, denying citizens their civil freedom as in the case of Germany during Hitler.
From the Paper
"As a free thinking society, we also learn when we should not obey authority. The idea of having to obey authority is ingrained in our minds at a very young age. We were always taught to obey and respect our parents, teachers, and other family members. If you want to show them respect and show them that you care, you behave in accordance with their rules and regulations. Learning to show respect to those of a higher authority at such a young age is how we develop into respectful adults. A parent's failure to teach the values of obedience and respect for others is failure on their part to help us grow up to be respectful, obedient people. This can lead to negative results in our future when we have to start being sociable and work with others in school, in the work force, and all other aspects of our everyday lives."
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The Holocaust, 2005.
This paper discusses the Holocaust, racism at the extreme and compares it with the historical treatment of African-Americans.
1,555 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
This paper explains that the parallelism between the Germans and Americans in their fight to keep a race not only down but also tortured is profound; both countries harbored feelings of ethnocentrism, believing that their own race was superior to others. The author points out that people argue that America's treatment of its minorities would never result in genocide; however, Americans must remember that, even though their discrimination may not appear to be as extreme, it is still victimizing African-Americans and minorities: Minorities in America still do not have the same opportunities as the white man. The paper concludes that education is the only thing that will eliminate ignorance and allow a peaceful ending for Americans.
From the Paper
"For centuries in Europe the Jews have been discriminated against by Christians. All of it stems from a difference in religious beliefs and actions. According to many scholars of anti-Semitism, "In the minds of anti-Semites, Jews represent mysterious, mythical, and evil forces; are all-powerful; and play a sinister role in world history" (Microsoft Encarta "Holocaust" 1). Furthermore, some Christians blamed the Jews for crucifying Jesus Christ. The Bible of the Christians teaches that the purpose of Jesus Christ was to come and take the sins of the world as his own and be the ultimate sacrifice. Therefore, there is not any rational thought in being upset at the Jews because they were only fulfilling prophecy. These Christians were using the Bible when it was convenient for them and not being thorough in their research."
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Blood Libel and the Jews in the High Middle Ages, 2004.
The cause and implications of the emergence of Blood Libel on the Jews in the High Middle Ages
2,507 words (approx. 10.0 pages), 11 sources, MLA, $ 76.95
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Abstract
This paper provides an overview and background of how accusations of Blood Libel against Jews during the High Middle Ages in the European and Islamic worlds were used to persecute them. It also identifies what was the catalyst for charges of Blood Libel against the Jews in the High Middle Ages. A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
From the Paper
"Throughout their history, the Jewish people have experienced periodic episodes of persecution based on the differences, both perceived and otherwise, between themselves and others, without the need to add any fuel to these cultural fires. When the Jews became implicated in the execution of Jesus Christ, however, they also assumed the unfortunate additional mantle of being responsible for the death of the Son of God, in what many Christians term "Christ-killers." This additional burden has been supplanted by the Jewish people's "blood libel," reflecting the Jews' alleged sacrifice of Christian children at Passover in order to obtain blood for unleavened bread. These charges, and others, were used at times during the High Middle Ages to justify Christian persecution of the Jews."
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Haj Amin el Husseini During WWII, 2005.
A discussion on the Grand Mufti of Palestine's cooperation with Nazi Germany during the Second World War.
3,770 words (approx. 15.1 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 103.95
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Abstract
The paper goes into great detail over whether or not the Grand Mufti Haj Amin El Husseini actively participated in the systematic elimination of Jews in Europe and in Palestine through the 1930s and 1940s. The paper is divided up into three sections that outline events during the Grand Mufti's life. The first section discusses his role in organizing anti-Zionist movements in Palestine upon his appointment of Grand Mufti by the British Mandate. The tactics of workers' strikes and actual attacks on Jews were committed under orders from Haj Amin. The second section deals with his role in Nazi Germany after the British reasserted their control over Palestine at the outbreak of World War II. Specific examples are given from radio transcripts and personal diaries that discuss the Mufti's ideas and rhetoric during this time period. These clearly point to his support of Hitler's "Final Solution" plan to eliminate the Jews in Europe. Finally, there is a discussion of Haj Amin's guilt and the level to which he knew what his actions were doing. Testimony from the Nuremberg Trials are given, as well as aides to former Nazi Leader Adolf Eichmann, who pointed to Haj Amin's actions of drumming up anti-Jewish sentiment as key to the Holocaust.
From the Paper
"Appointed as the Grand Mufti of Jerusalem in 1921 by British authorities, Haj Amin el Husseini spent the majority of his life struggling to create a Pan-Arabic state in the Middle East and limit Jewish influences in Palestine. His ideas and philosophies continue to exist in modernity, and his legacy exists in the Middle East as an individual who stood up to the West and attempted to bring together the teachings of Islam with a strong degree of nationalism in Palestine. Notable adherents to the Grand Mufti's teachings were the Iranian leader Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini and former Palestinian leader Yasser Arafat, who was particularly appreciative of what Haj Amin had accomplished for the Palestinian people in his lifetime. Haj Amin el Husseini died in Lebanon in 1974, and after his death there was a massive outpouring of support for the work that he had done to bring Muslims together in the region against the West and the Jewish state of Israel. Despite this support by many Muslims after his death, the most dubious interval of Haj Amin's life deals with his support of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi regime during World War II."
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The Rise of Adolph Hitler, 2005.
An exploration of the rise of Hitler from a starving artist to Chancellor of Germany in 1933.
1,377 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 46.95
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Abstract
This paper examines the life of Adolf Hitler through his childhood, service in World War I, and the formation of the Nazi Party in Germany. It looks at his rise to power over the years against the backdrop of the changing political scene in Germany.
From the Paper
"The age-old view of the Jewish people as "the Christ-killers" served as a suitable backdrop in which to place the blame for a wide variety of social ills now gripping the nation. Whether by their nature, or some cruel trick of fate, the Jewish community in Germany had largely secured their assets in durable items such as real estate, artwork, and precious stones. Thus, as the economy crashed around them, the Jewish minority remained financially secure. Resentment among Germans grew strong as they watched their children grow weak with starvation while the Jewish community thrived."
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American Propaganda during World War II, 2005.
A discussion of American propaganda policies during World War II, in particular against Nazi Germany.
2,935 words (approx. 11.7 pages), 8 sources, APA, $ 86.95
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Abstract
This paper explores the tactics and tribulations that American propaganda employed and faced during World War II against the Nazis. Comparisons are given at the beginning of the paper with just how effective the Nazi propaganda machine was in destroying a nation's morale before military action and how this clearly weighed on the minds of American political leaders at the time. Quotes and excerpts are given throughout the paper from declassified documents from the OSS and OWI, all lending credence to the idea that America's first priority in terms of propaganda was eliminating the concept of an all-powerful Nazi state. The latter half of the paper gives specific examples and discusses them all in great detail. American film, radio broadcasts, posters, cartoons, and magazine ads are all examined and given as proof of how American propaganda sought to dehumanize and discredit the Nazi regime in order to strengthen the will to fight the Nazis. The concept of morality is heavily discussed, with many propaganda examples containing an idea of American superiority over Germany.
From the Paper
"When Adolf Hitler declared war on the United States on December 11th, 1941 after the attack on Pearl Harbor by the Japanese, America was confronted with the prospect of fighting a war in both Europe and Asia. A stream of propaganda against the United States followed the declaration of war from Nazi Germany, and America responded throughout the war with equally strong propaganda that could be found in a variety of mediums. From the traditional war posters, the more modern idea of magazine ads and the growing influence of Hollywood, American propaganda was vital in winning the war against Nazi Germany by strengthening the public's resolve at home and weakening the Nazis psychological grip over Europe."
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The Phenomenon behind Holocaust Denial, 2004.
An analysis of the reasoning and arguments of the 'revolutionists' who question the Holocaust.
1,558 words (approx. 6.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 51.95
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Abstract
Holocaust denial has become one of the most important vehicles for contemporary anti-Semitism. Some scholars believe it is the invention of a collection of long-time anti-Semites and apologists for Hitler. The Nazis themselves can be thought of as the first Holocaust revisionists, for they tried to conceal their extermination program behind euphemisms, such as the "final solution to the Jewish problem". This paper shows that, nevertheless, it is important to understand that Holocaust denial and other forms of revisionism also bring up ideas of relativism and truth. When critically analyzed, the motives behind such historians can open a floodgate to how society interprets humanity. Furthermore, the paper shows that, when deep-rooted anti-Semitic connotations are thrown into the mix, it is a recipe for why Holocaust denial is so significant to the contemporary response to the Holocaust.
From the Paper
"The main problem that I have with Holocaust revisionists is that they work backwards when compared to traditional forms of historic reporting. As stated before, historians take facts, make analyses, and finally draw interpretations to reach a conclusion. Revisionists already have a conclusion. Before anything else, Holocaust revisionists believe that survivor witnesses lied, documents left by Nazi's were forged and or misinterpreted, photographs were faked, and a myriad of other claims that rattle the cages of conscious thought. From here Holocaust revisionists begin to work backwards in proving their theories. If no letter exists stating that Hitler called for a final solution for the Jews, then the theory of Hitler's final solution never existed. If there are no photos of the gas chambers, then they never existed. This form of historic reporting wanders off the traditional path of revisionists."
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