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Success of Nazi Propaganda, 2008.
This paper discusses why the Nazi party was so successful in using propaganda to attract the support of Germans.
1,367 words (approx. 5.5 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 45.95
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Abstract
This essay examines the success of Nazi propaganda and argues that this shocking reality can be explained by four factors that came together to make a deadly poisonous brew. First, the writer notes that the fact that the Germans were so defeated in every sense in the 1930s laid the foundation. Secondly, the writer points out that there was the modern technology for mass communication which the Nazis used to spread their propaganda. Third, there was the Nazi's unusually skillful use of this technology. Finally, the writer notes that there was the German peoples' philosophy or psyche, which made them vulnerable to the Nazis. The writer concludes that these four factors combined to make it possible for the Nazi party's propaganda machine to win over the Germans.
From the Paper
"The first thing to consider is the state of Germany at the time of the Nazi ascent, in the early 1930s. Germany had been the aggressor in the First World War, and after its defeat the victorious nations had punished it, and also attempted to subdue it, by bringing it to its knees militarily and financially. The harshly punitive terms of the Treaty of Versailles made German economic recovery impossible, and sowed the seeds of anger and resentment that would make the Germans a vulnerable target for Nazi propaganda. The economic woes of the Weimar republic were compounded by the effects of the Great Depression. This began in 1929 and affected many European nations, resulting in the rise of several totalitarian movements. Of these, the Nazi party had the easiest task in winning over converts, due to the vulnerability of the Germans. With their backs up against the wall, unable to make a living, many Germans were easy targets for a charismatic leader who promised to save them from their overwhelming woes."
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The Holocaust's Criminals, 2008.
An examination of the motivations behind the soldiers and other German officials who participated in the methodical extermination of approximately six million of Europe's Jews.
3,073 words (approx. 12.3 pages), 8 sources, MLA, $ 89.95
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Abstract
This paper considers the question of how so many otherwise ordinary, moral German citizens could; first, so broadly adopt the practice of violence; and second, could relish so fully in its practice. The paper notes that this question is one of the primary questions historians and humans in general have been forced to grapple with in light of one of the most horrific chapters in world history--the Jewish Holocaust. The paper further relates that it remains undeniable that something or someone drove these individuals to inflict pain and death of such massive proportions. The paper then goes on to discuss some of the explanations that are given in attempts to identify more general patterns, and more conclusive answers to the social and psychological phenomena responsible for human acts of malice.
From the Paper
"Another explanation that relies upon the notion of mandatory conformity is connected strongly with the mob mentality and the following of orders. Writers like Christopher R. Browning point to instances in which groups of Nazi officers initially felt ill-suited to the acts of violence they were ordered to commit, but eventually became quite accustomed to them. "Once entangled, people encounter a series of 'blinding factors' or 'cementing mechanisms' that make disobedience or refusal even more difficult." This approach takes into account the joy expressed by many Nazi executioners by attributing it to peer pressures, pressures from above, and routine exposure to bloodshed. Still, it seems difficult to argue that the majority of the Nazi's who perpetrated the Holocaust were simply "going with the flow," and had no ideological or moral association with the actions they took. This would be to deny that the forces that brought the Nazi's to power had any association with romantic visions of Germany's future--that deeply rooted emotional ties supported the Nazi's racial cause and dream."
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The Diary of Anne Frank, 2008.
An analysis of the changes in Anne Frank's voice and tone throughout her diary, "The Diary of a Young Girl."
1,803 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 57.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the autobiographical diary of Anne Frank, entitled, "The Diary of a Young Girl." The paper specifically focuses on Anne Frank's voice and her tone throughout the diary. It looks at the way that her style changed over the course of the time that she was writing in her diary. The paper discusses the significance of these changes in voice and tone and how they correspond to what was happening in the world at the time.
From the Paper
"Significantly Anne's fifteenth birthday is only two months away from her last letter to Kitty, to her people, to the world. Anne went the path of the righteous, the path of self improvement, growth, faith:" People who have religion should be glad, for not everyone has the gift of believing in heavenly things... It isn't the fear of G-d but the upholding of one's own honour and conscience."
"If you visit Anne Frank museum in Amsterdam, just listen and you will hear her laughter, her whisper, her joy of first love. You will hear the Gestapo stepping with their heavy dirty boots into a pure sweet life. A "Little bundle of contradictions" , who did so well in perfecting her traits, and returned her pure soul to her Creator."
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Life in Auschwitz, 2008.
A comparison of the "Memoir Auschwitz: A Doctor's Eyewitness Account" by Miklos Nyiszli with the film "The Grey Zone" directed by Tim Blake Nelson.
2,754 words (approx. 11.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 82.95
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Abstract
This paper examines and compares the "Memoir Auschwitz: A Doctor's Eyewitness Account" by Miklos Nyiszli with the film "The Grey Zone" directed by Tim Blake Nelson. The paper argues that the two differ significantly in their portrayal of the reality of the gas chambers and crematoriums of Auschwitz. The writer believes that the essence of the book is a stark portrayal of the brutal, belief-defying reality of Auschwitz, however the film in typical Hollywood style, fails to capture this essence. The writer explains that the film focuses on one act of rebellion that took place in the camp, thus focusing on heroism but glossing over the full reality and horror of the SS death machinery, as well as the mystery of why so many people walked passively to their death. The writer concludes that while "The Grey Zone" is a good film with strong acting from an accomplished cast, it is too trapped in the conventions of Hollywood to do justice to the essence of the book on which it is based.
From the Paper
"This is an example of the kind of evil that makes it inadequate to refer to Auschwitz as a moral gray area. Moreover, it should be noted that the detail of the murdered toddler twins is a good example of the way in which the film fails to capture the essence of evil that permeates the book. In the film, there is a very brief scene in which Oberscharfuhrer Eric Muhsfeldt (brilliantly played by Harvey Keitel in what must have been one of the greatest performances of his life) peeks at what looks like the corpse of a young woman on the dissecting table, and remarks that they are usually young. Nyiszli matter of factly explains that it is more usual to find twins together when they are young. This brief exchange does not remotely rise to the level of horror conveyed by Nyiszli's discovery that the twin toddlers have been killed with an injection of chloroform into the heart."
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"Ordinary Men", 2008.
This paper analyzes Christopher R. Browning's "Ordinary Men".
1,262 words (approx. 5.0 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 42.95
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Abstract
The paper discusses Browning's book "Ordinary Men", where Browning wants the reader to see how a unit of the German Order Police, who committed terrible acts by carrying out a number of killings and other atrocities as part of the Nazi effort to exterminate the Jews of Poland, were actually "ordinary men". The paper describes Browning's analysis of these men, which is told in a detailed way and that exposes all the questions that might be raised. The paper also highlights the Browning's difficulty in explaining how ordinary individuals could commit such terrible atrocities against the Jews during the Holocaust.
From the Paper
"Brown asks how these men faced this dilemma and offers a history of the Order Police, though that history does not explain the central issue of why these men acted so brutally and so out of their normal character. Browning does try to answer the question of why these men acted as they did, though he also points out that no one reason can be offered as to why the many man involved committed the acts they did. Any explanation would apply only to a percentage of the whole and not to all. One force that Browning does cite as important is the conditioning of society, conditioning that accustomed people to respecting and deferring to authority."
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Rule Utilitarianism and the State, 2008.
A review of the film, "Judgment at Nuremberg," directed by Stanley Kramer and the ethical or normative theories that affect construction of a desired society.
2,036 words (approx. 8.1 pages), 4 sources, MLA, $ 64.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses four major ethical or normative theories to the problem of the construction of a desired society. It looks at the significance of realism in normative analysis. The paper analyzes the film, "Judgment at Nuremberg," directed by Stanley Kramer in order to illustrate the challenges of devising a normative ethical viewpoint given the ethical complexity inherent in modern society.
From the Paper
"While Nazi Germany is an extreme example it is, unfortunately, representative of many tyrannies in human history in which a minority has seen its rights stripped, and claims of justice and community values/virtue dismissed, to supply the happiness or greater utility of the majority. The system of slavery in the American South prior to the Civil War represents precisely a model of precisely such a challenge."
"In this regard, a normative analysis would suggest that rule utilitarianism offers a stronger and more viable principle of utility than pure utilitarianism. Modern rule utilitarians, for example, "place heavy emphasis on human rights and freedoms" (Dwyer 163) which can be incorporated in this normative theory in a way they cannot be in pure utilitarianism."
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Germany and the Holocaust, 2008.
This paper examines two analyses of the history of European Jews, "The War Against the Jews" by Lucy S. Dawidowicz and "The Destruction of the European Jews" by Raul Hilberg.
2,405 words (approx. 9.6 pages), 2 sources, MLA, $ 73.95
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Abstract
The paper examines Lucy S. Dawidowicz's and Raul Hilberg's analyses of the history of European Jews. The paper discusses how both authors describe the nature of the process of the annihilation of the Jew and the way Germany was organized to carry it out, but Dawidowicz focuses more on the victims and how they reacted and what happened to them, while Hilberg focuses more on the machinery of death and on the lack of morality of so many functionaries and workers who assisted in the process.
From the Paper
"Much of the Holocaust was indeed carried out by career civil servants, military personnel, and others in the private sector. The Holocaust itself thus became routinized so that it was carried on as if it were any other government activity. Two reasons given for the participation of ordinary men and women include obedience to authority, and the modern era's pursuit of specialization so that people could perform their part without knowing what the whole entailed, or without admitting what the whole entailed. It may be impossible to determine one reason why the many man involved committed the acts they did, for any general explanation is certain to be applicable only to a percentage of the whole. One force that we can see as operating in this case is the conditioning of society so that people respect and defer to authority. In this case, the society itself had a certain tradition of racism which affected these men and women and determined what they were being asked to do."
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"The Coming of the Third Reich" by Richard Evans, 2008.
A review of the book "The Coming of the Third Reich" by Richard Evans.
1,302 words (approx. 5.2 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 43.95
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Abstract
This paper discusses Richard Evans' book "The Coming of the Third Reich", which is the first installment of a three book series that historically documents the rise of Adolf Hitler's power in post World War I Germany. Thepaper explains how Evans takes special care not to instill any personal prejudices regarding the genocidal actions of the Third Reich, while his findings provide a great deal of insight on the roots of German fascism. The writer points out that the beginning of the book provides a great deal of information on the status of Germany during the reign of Otto von Bismarck. The writer looks at how the German involvement in World War I only perpetuated the delineation of political ideologies even further. The writer explains that Evans believes that the traditions passed down by the German Empire and the economic and political consequences of World War I provided the perfect environment for a military coup or a seizure of power by an authoritarian regime
From the Paper
"The historical context entailing the rise of Adolf Hitler and Nazi Germany has been documented numerous times. Many native Germans argue that the rise of national socialism and the Third Reich was a fluke, and the severity of its influence was due to the effective Nazi propaganda machine. Modern German politicians and government representatives note that the Third Reich was an anomaly and that historical evidence does not support the idea that Nazism found its roots within German history. However, Adolf Hitler and many Nazi officials have been quoted that the Third Reich was a revival of German values. Hitler borrowed the term "Third Reich" from Arthur Moeller van den Bruck, which translates to the Third Empire. The first empire of note was the Holy Roman Empire established by Charlemagne followed by the German Empire established by Otto von Bismarck."
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Psychology of the Holocaust, 2008.
This paper takes a look at Christopher Browning's 'Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland', which discusses a mass killing during the Holocaust.
3,372 words (approx. 13.5 pages), 6 sources, MLA, $ 95.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer explores Christopher Browning's controversial 1992 text, 'Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland'. The writer both summarizes the text's salient points as well as discusses the opinion of the academic community as to its veracity and merit. Every bit as importantly, this paper examines the methodology employed and looks at why Browning's text, if not a great book, can at least be described as an important one. In the end, by looking at the psychology of the killers as he does, the writer maintains that Browning forces the reader to confront "the banality of evil" which made the Holocaust possible on such an unimaginable scale.
From the Paper
"The book is, simply put, a vivid portrayal of a horrifying event. It begins with the first mass-killing at Jozefow in the early morning hours of July 13, 1942. On that day, the members of Reserve Force Battalion 101 were roused from their bunks - they were effectively sequestered in a school building in the town of Bilgoraj - and ordered into waiting trucks. After a short time, they stopped at the small, aforementioned town of Jozefow and were ordered into a semi-circle around their 53-year old commander, Major Wilhelm Trapp. At this point, the first bit of horror in Browning's narrative unfolds. As he describes it, a tearful and badly-shaken Trapp tells his troops that the 1800 Jews in the small community were to be rounded up and separated into two groups - males of working age and everybody else."
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The Final Solution, 2008.
An analysis of the ideology and implementation of the Final Solution by Adolf Hitler and his political party.
2,315 words (approx. 9.3 pages), 9 sources, MLA, $ 71.95
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Abstract
This paper analyzes the ideology of national socialism which Adolf Hitler developed and wrote about in "Mein Kampf." It explains how this ideology led to the implementation of the Final Solution in Germany. The paper discusses the rise of Hitler and his ideology and party and how they managed to psychologically condition the German people to support the Final Solution policies.
From the Paper
"Early in the Second World War, Hitler and the Nazis began to implement the genocidal policy of the Final Solution, which consisted of a system of extermination camps which spread like a cancer across eastern Europe, primarily in Poland, into which innocent Jewish men, women, and children were taken in the millions for execution at the hands of the Heinrich Himmler's SS."
"In spite of the denials of millions of Germans that they had known anything about the Final Solution, it was carried out with the direct or tacit support of a great majority of them. Throughout the Second World War, tens of thousands of Germans were directly involved in developing, establishing, and maintaining the lethal infrastructure of Hitler's Final Solution, and no denials of responsibility can expunge their guilt."
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Holocaust and Jewish Thought, 2007.
This paper discusses the impact of the Holocaust upon post 1945 Jewish religious thought.
1,687 words (approx. 6.7 pages), 7 sources, MLA, $ 54.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses the influence made by the Holocaust upon contemporary Jewish thought. In particular, the paper looks at the works of Richard L. Rubenstein, Eliezer Berkovits and Emil Fackenheim and notes how these major scholars are forced to grapple with an issue that threatens to permanently undermine the faith of the Jewish people in the God of their ancestors. In addition, the paper also notes the general despair which often seems to characterize Jewish works in the post-Holocaust epoch. In the end, the writer maintains that the horrors of the Holocaust have forced many Jewish theologians to consider that they may be worshipping a God who is either not omnipotent - or not omni-benevolent.
From the Paper
"To start with, the holocaust was an event of catastrophic suffering for the Jewish people and this suffering forced - at least among some prominent intellectuals - a re-assessment of religion and, more especially, a re-assessment of God. Simply put, the horrors of the Holocaust challenged the traditional religious text from which the Jewish people had long read in a way that no other event could possibly have done. Specifically, traditional Judaism had frequently been at odds with modernity insofar as the proponents of historicism and positivism (to say nothing of the teachings of Hegel and Kant and even Marx) took issue with an historical narrative that emphasized the existence of a transcendent deity who not only created the world but who also designated the Jewish people as a "special people" with a special communion with God."
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'White Noise', 2007.
This paper studies five different journals that analyze 'White Noise' by Don DeLillo.
1,038 words (approx. 4.2 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 36.95
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Abstract
In this article the writer looks at various journals by different authors that examine Don DeLillo's work 'White Noise'. The different writings studied are Thomas Peyser's "Globalization in America: The Case of Don DeLillo's White Noise"; Arthur M. Saltzman's writing in Modern Fiction Studies "The Figure in the Static: White Noise"; Mark Conroy's "From Tombstone to Tabloid: Authority Figured in White Noise"; critic Noel King's writing in Critical Quarterly "Reading White Noise: Floating Remarks" and critic Lou F. Caton's writing in English Language Notes "Romanticism and the Postmodern Novel: Three Scenes from Don DeLillo's White Noise".
Outline:
Thesis
Journal #1
Journal #2
Journal #3
Journal #4
Journal #5
From the Paper
"As hard as it might be to imagine a man who is a professor of "Hitler Studies" at a midwestern college serving as the believable and substantive narrator of a novel, with author Don DeLillo anything seems possible, and there is always a message to his madness for those readers who are truly "listening" as they read. Is DeLillo suggesting that America is on the road to fascism? Is the media leading American down the road to all people seeing and hearing the same repetitive propaganda, like barns that are famous because they are said to be famous? That is clearly one of the author's intents."
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Hitler's Mistakes, 2007.
This paper discusses how Hitler's mistakes led to his demise.
885 words (approx. 3.5 pages), 4 sources, APA, $ 31.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that as a wartime leader Hitler did things right at the beginning, but made major mistakes later on that led to the destruction of his nation. The writer then looks at some of Hitler's military considerations and calculations. The writer looks at Hitler's greatest errors and miscalculations, making use of different relevant works of literature. The writer maintains that Hitler's greatest error, besides underestimating the ability of the Allies to beat him back, was probably the invasion of Russia.
From the Paper
"During the years between 1933 and 1938, Hitler just wanted to build up his arms while he was cutting deals to revise the Versailles agreement and keeping the Allies from pinning him down. His diplomatic strategy at that time was that he didn't want to rattle too many cages or cause too much concern among the New Conservatives in Germany, at first, so he kept to the anti-Bolshevism theme which old-time leaders in Germany agreed with; that is, Germany will take over the Soviet Union one day. Also, France was an enemy of Germany, and the old-liners agreed with Hitler that "reconciliation" with France would never be possible."
"The Germans had tried since 1918 to maintain good relationships with England, but Hitler "despised British democracy"; the United States didn't enter into Germany's immediate plans, but Hitler thought the U.S. was being dominated by "Jews and blacks." Hitler believed Italy was a natural ally, and he was right, Orlow wrote."
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Elie Wiesel Memoirs, 2007.
A critical review of Elie Wiesel's memoirs "All Rivers Run to the Sea".
2,178 words (approx. 8.7 pages), 1 source, MLA, $ 67.95
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Abstract
The paper identifies and discusses five places where Elie Wiesel lived in order to demonstrate how his experiences shaped him as a modern Jew. The paper describes Sighet, the Auschwitz death camp, Paris, New York and finally Jerusalem. The paper illustrates how Wiesel's colorful and eventful experiences and adventures all over the world were clearly influential in shaping his personal and religious views. The paper lauds Wiesel for overcoming the hardships and suffering he experienced in the Nazi death camps to thrive and prosper as a modern Jew.
Outline:
Review and Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper
"Sighet. Even though his "Childhood" segment begins with Wiesel's recollection of a dream in which his father, Shlomo Wiesel, "the man I loved most in the world, the man whose merest glance could stir me," appeared to him as he appeared in his death camp rags, the author's childhood appears to have been unremarkable and pleasant enough, and he seems to have gone through the same trials and tribulations that most normal children experience. For example, "Like all children," Wiesel writes, "I had my share of rebellion against this or that teacher or classmate, and even against my parents. Sometimes I felt they didn't understand me, that they judged me wrongly or were unfair" (p. 18)."
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Paul Celan's Todesfuge, 2007.
This paper discusses Paul Celan's poem "Todesfuge".
2,457 words (approx. 9.8 pages), 5 sources, MLA, $ 74.95
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Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that 'Todesfuge' or Death Fugue is one of Paul Celan's earliest creations, and, at the same time, one of his best-known works. Roughly speaking, the writer points out that the poem describes the experience of the Holocaust, from one of the horrifying concentration camps. The writer maintains that the most interesting aspect of the poem is however the way in which Celan translates the experience into language. The writer points out that the text has been sometimes criticized because it transposes the hard reality of the Holocaust in a highly aesthetic manner, which seems, at first sight, to divert the attention from the atrocities of death and of the concentration camp. However, the writer concludes that the gist of Celan's Todesfuge is the aesthetic representation of the Holocaust experience and that through symbols and metaphorical oppositions, Celan translates the terrible experience of the Jews during the Nazi regime.
From the Paper
"There is obviously no easy or direct way to talk about such a dehumanizing experience as that of the slow torture that the Jews had to endure in the death camps. Language inevitably fails to convey the horrors by itself. But the language used in Celan's poem, as well as the structure of the text form the core of an artistic experience that translates the reality of the Holocaust in a very effective way. Thus, Celan's Todesfuge reveals the nightmarish Jewish experience during the Nazi regime through its musical form, which superimposes two opposed realities, that of death and that of love and beauty."
"Therefore, the most powerful effect of the text is given by the sharp contrast between two contradictory realities which are united in the structure of the poem through the musical rhythm that imitates a fugue. First of all, the lack of punctuation and the frequent and rhythmical repetitions of the same phrases or metaphors throughout the poem, make the text resemble a fugue."
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