Abstract
The following paper answers eight questions that pertain to various aspects of Canadian administrative law. Specifically, the paper considers the tensions between procedural and substantive justice in procedural law and time is also devoted to looking at what constraints are placed upon adjudicators who make quasi-judicial decisions on behalf of the Canadian state.

From the Paper
"How do you define law? Answer: Generally speaking, 'the law' may be defined as the system of regulations, prohibitions, statutes, and judicial decisions that govern the interactions of individuals between each other and the interactions of the state with private individuals. Of course, the law also contains other elements besides the substantive ones outlining what can be done and what cannot be done by individuals. Most notably, there is the concept of procedural justice whereby the law is expected to be predictable and where..."

Tags:canadian, administrative, law

Abstract
The paper briefly looks at administrative law and the procedures this department will not pursue so as to ensure no further legal problems arise. Specifically, this brief manual outlines the concepts of discretion, credibility (and how applicant credibility is to be determined), standards with regards to bias and the extent of duty that will now be expected from all employees. The paper shows how this agency will much more closely adhere to legal standards than it has in the past.

From the Paper
"The following paper will briefly look at administrative law and the procedures this department will not pursue so as to ensure no further legal problems arise. Specifically, the following brief manual will outline the concepts of discretion, credibility (and how applicant credibility is to be determined), standards with regards to bias (that is to say, what will henceforth be expected of subordinate decision-makers from this point forward) and the extent of duty that will now be expected from all employees. In the final analysis, this agency will much more..."

Tags:charter, administrative, law

Abstract
In this paper, the writer explains the origins of the government administrative agencies. The writer then examines the functions of these agencies. In this essay, the writer presents a discussion of how the operation of administrative agencies is impacted by the courts.

From the Paper
"Within the executive branch of the government are a number of administrative agencies, often known as a fourth branch of the U.S. government. Many of these agencies were originated as part of the New Deal era of President Franklin D. Roosevelt including such agencies as the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and many others. These agencies are in operation to protect a public interest rather than to protect private rights ... "

Tags:FDA, FDA, OSHA, EEOC, Congress, executive branch, legislation, law, public interest, regulatory agency, government

Abstract
In this article, the writer explains that law can be classified in different ways. The writer notes that such classification is a useful exercise in learning and for obtaining an overview of the subject as it helps one to break up a large topic into manageable proportions. However, the writer points out that it must be remembered that the classification of law is an arbitrary exercise and there is no absolute or "right way" of categorizing law. In this paper, some of the ways in which law can be categorized are discussed.

Outline:
Civil Law and Criminal Law
Classification by Subject
Classification by Scope
Classification by Origins of Law
Procedural Law vs. Substantive Law
References

From the Paper
"Perhaps the simplest way to classify law is to divide it in two broad categories: civil law and criminal law. In such a classification, one can assume that civil law is all law other than criminal law. Hence in this type of grouping, all laws other than criminal law such as property law, contract law, tort, commercial, and administrative law fall under the broad heading of civil law and are dealt with by the civil courts. As opposed to this, criminal law is dealt with by criminal courts."
"Such categorization of law is useful because it highlights the differences between civil and criminal law, which are important to understand the intricacies of legal systems of countries such as the United States."

Tags:criminal, administrative, courts, legal, systems

Abstract
This paper compares the concepts of Joachim Friedrich, Herman Finer and Max Weber on the process of administering the law. The author states a country that is well administrated by quality administrators will have a deep morality instilled in these workers to understand, evaluate and properly execute the laws. It argues that the secret to 21st century administrative responsibility is a true sense of morality that is instituted alongside the very laws of the land.

From the Paper
"However, policies are meaningless without proper administration of those policies. That is why, in the eyes of Joachim Friedrich, Herman Finer and Max Weber, the process of administering the law is actually more crucial than the process of creating it: Implementation is more important than legislation. Indeed, legislation's primary and initial focus should be to create proper administrative bodies and give them the tools to bring the goals of policy legislation to fruition."

Tags:administer, implement, policy, legislation, public, administration

Abstract
This paper is a series of answers to 8 questions regarding administrative regulation, due process and sovereign immunity. The questions mainly focus upon the regulatory process. Each answer is 1/2 a page in length and is a cursory overview of each issue raised. Beyond the answering of the specific questions, there is not any in-depth analysis of the questions asked.

Tags:regulations, administration, sovereign immunity

Abstract
This well-researched paper opens with a comprehensive and historic look into both the American and British law enforcement agencies. The writer of this paper traces the origins of the British Sheriff's office back to the Norman Conquest which took place in 1066. This paper delves into the significant increase of international terrorism while focusing on the effectiveness of various law enforcement agencies in America and around the world in combating this growing problem. This paper discusses the views and opinions of several historians regarding the increase and decrease of crime and terror from the medieval times and up to the present. The writer of this paper examines specific historic events and their resulting impact on global terrorism including the fall of the Soviet Union, the Cold War and the 9/11 terror attacks. This paper analyzes the manner in which the Bush Administration moved to establish additional intelligence and enforcement cooperation among the existing agencies in order to more effectively face terrorist threats such as al-Qaida. This paper contains detailed and in-depth historical facts and dates relevant to this particular topic. This paper also examines the manner in which recent advancements and progress in technology are assisting law enforcement agencies around the world to thwart off potential threats of terror.

From the Paper
"Various historians have offered various different reasons for the unexpected decrease in the crime rate during the comparatively modern times, and there were some who assumed that perhaps it was industrialization and urbanization and modernization that contributed to this phenomenon. There were some other scholars and researchers who theorized that in actuality crime had not diminished, but had in fact shifted form bodily assaults that were popular in those times, to crimes that were more or less closely related to property, which also indicated that the nature of crime had shifted from an innate scarcity and paucity, to a greater prosperity as well as a free availability of material goods and possessions during modern times. There is also another form of opinion, which states that the decrease in crime seemed to have happened irrespective of industrialization and urbanization."

Tags:terror, 9/11, bush, administration, england, america, sherrif, police, cold, war, al, qaida

Abstract
This paper discusses the role of the sheriff in England and how that role changed with the development of common law. The paper first discusses the impact of the Writ of Right on Henry II's power and on the role of the sheriff. Next, the paper discusses the history behind the changes to common law in the time of Henry II and focuses on how the sheriffs were integral to the development of the common law at that time.

From the Paper
"Henry eventually rehired only seven of the fired sheriffs. Henry did not look to the traditional wealthy landowner who would normally inherit the office to replace these sheriffs. Overturning tradition, he instead hired professional administrators who had been trained in the Exchequer. These new sheriffs were professionals, loyal to Henry, who were without a political power base and therefore politically unimportant. These new sheriffs exemplified the transformation of the common law during the reign of Henry II. Loyal to a centralized power and personally unimportant, they were agents of the royal justice, which could now legitimately be referred to as the common law. These sheriffs were integral to the development of the common law under Henry II."

Tags:power administration justice, Writ of Right

Abstract
This paper discusses the Constitutional Reform Act of 2005, which enshrines in law, for the first time, a duty on government ministers to uphold the independence of the judiciary. The paper describes the history and the scope of the law, as well as its purpose. In addition, the paper discusses the Constitutional Reform Act with relation to English constitutional law and its need for reform.

From the Paper
"The scope of judicial review today is almost unrecognisable compared to that of 25 years ago, and judges are more willing to intervene to ensure that the body in question acts in a procedurally correct manner, even when such a decision may impugn on the authority of the executive. For example in the case of Anisminic Ltd v Foreign Compensation Commission , where a statutory provision seemed to exclude the courts' supervisory jurisdiction, the court, according to Wade and Forsyth, acted in a way of "total disobedience to Parliament" by recognising a broad concept of jurisdiction. Further, in the Pergau Dam case, Lord Irvine argues that the court "took away from the executive a considerable degree of autonomy" in holding that the Secretary of State's decision was unlawful. He continues arguing "it is this type of judicial activism which begins to blur the boundary between appeal and review, thereby undermining the constitutional foundations on which the courts' supervisory jurisdiction rests"."

Tags:parliament, commission, administration

Abstract
The paper discusses women in the law enforcement field and the problems they face. The paper looks at the reasons for decreasing enrollment of women in law enforcement and concludes with the hope that the critical decision-making and critical thinking that are important in this type of work will also be applied to finding more individuals to work in the field.

From the Paper
"The topic of critical thinking in law enforcement has become increasingly more popular as the world moves into the information age. There have been major technological advances and changes in many regulations for law enforcement that have helped to fuel the upsurge of new decisions in the industry (Ammeter, Douglas, Gardner, Hochwarter, & Ferris, 2002). There are now many more opportunities in law enforcement administration then there once were, and a great deal of these opportunities are now open to women, which is only one of the more critical decisions that have been made. This is something that was unheard of only a few years ago. Women in the law enforcement field are now more readily accepted but they still have a long way to go to be respected as much as men in the same field."

Tags:administration, men, salaries, domestic, abuse