Abstract This paper presents the story of three women who were instrumental to LatinAmerican history. The writer explores the contributions of Eva Peron, Sarah Chamberlain Eccleston and Violeta Barrios to illustrate the importance of females in the historical context of the LatinAmericanpolitical arena.
From the Paper "Another very influential women in the world of Latin American history was Violeta Barrios. Violeta married a prominent Nicaraguan journalist named Pedro Chamorro. He was not only a journalist in the year 1950 when they met he was also acting editor of the La Prensa paper. Because of his political beliefs and his refusal to stop using the paper as a lobbying platform he was jailed many times and spent time in prison as well."
Abstract This paper examines that LatinAmerican economic development in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was hindered by a number of geopolitical and socioeconomic impediments. The author points out that LatinAmerican nations were all struggling with the negative legacy of colonialism and imperialism at this time and their governments encountered significant difficulties as they sought to establish modern economic systems. The paper stresses that one major impediment was that despite their wealth of resources, these emerging countries lacked sufficient capital and labor to build land transportation networks.
From the Paper "Latin American economic development in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was hindered by a number of geopolitical and socioeconomic impediments. Latin American nations were all struggling with the negative legacy of colonialism and imperialism at this time and their governments encountered significant difficulties as they sought to establish modern economic systems. One major impediment was that the emerging countries of the Western Hemisphere, despite their wealth of resources, lacked sufficient capital and labor to build land transportation networks. (Conde 90) Without such an internal communications infrastructure, economic progress is difficult to attain."
Abstract This paper profiles a typical LatinAmerican revolution and examines why these countries are so susceptible to these uprisings. It addresses the historical, social & cultural variables of a revolution and the possible moves to democracy. It also examines a few of the successful LatinAmerican democracies and asks what makes them prosper.
From the Paper "Revolution is a sudden, forcible change of the political and social order often accompanied by violence, in which a significant section (not always a majority) of the population participates. Revolution usually occurs when a general climate of discontent exists in a society. A modern historian, Craine Brinton, has analyzed the conditions in a society ripe for revolution and saw a pre-Revolutionary society as ?having a combination of social and political tensions, caused by a gradual breakdown of the values of a society.?"
Abstract This paper provides an historical review of political leaders in Latin America and examines how many of them were leaders of the authoritarian school. It begins with a brief look at the Spanish conquistadores who carved out the great Spanish Empire in the Americas. It then discusses the political leaders of the 19th century: Sim"n Bol"var, Jos? de San Mart?n, and Francisco de Miranda ?
all soldiers first and "liberators" of their countries later. The paper then focuses on the 20th century the leaders of the this period.
From the Paper "Argentina-born San Mart"n served with Spanish armies in both Europe and Africa, returned to join the Argentine independence movement of 1812. Later, with General Bernardo O"Higgins, he ended Spanish rule in Chile. O?Higgins became "Liberator" of Chile, San Mart?n soon became "Protector" of Peru. The Venezuelan-born Miranda, who served the French in the American Revolution and later commanded French Revolutionary armies in the Netherlands, was briefly dictator of Venezuela."
Tags: spanish, conquistadores, boliver, miranda, martin
Abstract This paper looks at the Americanpolitical culture after the terrorist attacks of September 11 and the effect those attacks had on the tolerance in Americanpolitical culture. It contends that, as a result, of the attacks, Americanpolitical culture is more accepting of authoritarian views. This paper also looks at how the war on terrorism and the related struggle against the spread of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons have become the central elements of a new US foreign policy since September 11.
From the Paper "September 11, had a polarizing effect on tolerance in political culture .In fact the tragedy made American political culture more accepting of authoritarian views .The terrorist attacks on the U. S. of Sept. 11, 2001, jolted Americans with the realization that young men filled with hatred of the U. S. could, with limited training and guidance, become focused instruments of mass terror, willing and able to kill thousands of Americans."
Tags: arab, and, muslim, world, american, hegemony, war, on, terrorism, us, foreign, policy
Abstract This paper examines how although most LatinAmerican countries were given suffrage as early as 1940, 30 years later, by 1971 women were still locked into a culture of Catholicism, control and machismo. The paper discusses the many aspects of women's rights that need to be addressed in order for women to be truly accepted as equals.
Table of Contents:
General Suffrage
LatinAmerican Suffrage
Human Rights/Women's Rights
Women and Employment
Employment and Working Conditions
Argentina and Mexico
LatinAmerican Women Reproductive and Health Issues
LatinAmerican Women's Health Issues
LatinAmerican Women in Politics Human Rights Issues for Women in Latin America
Legal Protection for LatinAmerican Women
LatinAmerican Women and Violence
Conclusion
From the Paper "The Roman Catholic Church has a strong political hold on the hearts and minds of Latin American and the influence of the Roman Catholic Church has kept a majority of Latin American women chained to the cycle of childbirth. Despite the fact that a majority of Latin American women have been the "beneficiaries" of universal suffrage since World War II, family planning that was not in accordance with the Roman Catholic Church's edicts has been severely limited. A woman who is unable to obtain or hold a job because of her constant gravid state is unlikely to put emancipation before basic survival. Unfortunately Latin American's economic condition has suffered because of as burgeoning uncontrollable population explosion which compromises the health and welfare not only of the women large numbers of children but the children themselves."
Abstract The LatinAmerican recording industry has always been a unique industry that blends economics, entertainment, and culture. The majority of its entertainers depict the variety of ethnicity that is part of LatinAmerican culture. This paper investigates the LatinAmerican recording industry, the genres of music and hybrid styles, and the role label companies play in producing and managing the artists. It also looks at how music interacts culturally, politically, and economically, affecting social identity Research in this paper shows that there is a complex relationship between the industry itself and the development of pan-Latin identities, as well as a more intricate relationship between economics and culture. In addition, the research demonstrates that the LatinAmerican recording industry is a powerful medium for creating images among consumers, which impacts the desire to be like their idol. Finally, this paper summarizes the potential changes created by a new business model for the LatinAmerican recording industry.
From the Paper "Aside from the confusion between Latin American and Latino music, the U.S. Latino market is undergoing a crucial transformation, perhaps more in taking stock of reality than in reality itself. It is no secret that U.S.Latino music has largely meant the kind of pop associated with Jennifer Lopez, Marc Anthony, Ricky Martin and the like, or with so-called tropical music (salsa and kindred genres). New York and Miami are the capitals of this kind of pop and tropical, but when the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) ?the music industry's trade organization ? began dividing Latin music sales by genre in 2000, they discovered the overwhelming sales dominance of the Mexican regional market, which is based in California and the Southwest, particularly Texas, and generates 60 percent of the US$640 million market for Latin music sales."
Abstract This paper considers three different aspects of the technology and political marketplace that have negatively affected LatinAmerican music sales and, in particular, the effect that pirated music is having on the industry. The paper then looks at the future of LatinAmerican popular music and the LatinAmerican recording industry and presents solutions and recommendations to rebuild, improve, and expand the LatinAmerican industry.
The Future of LatinAmerican Popular Music
The Future of The LatinAmerican Recording Industry
Reconstructing the Industry
Music Delivery
Anti Piracy Efforts
From the Paper "However, in the music industry, the creation of the internet and the capabilities to deliver individual songs digitally and globally has changed that perspective as well. The creation of a global economy and improved communication systems has facilitated the worldwide dissemination of mass culture. Specifically, trends in Latin America are now becoming part of the Latino population in the central and North American regions. Hence, the market for Latin American music, and the path toward improving the profitability of the Latin American music industry should also consider the North American markets a part of their potential customer base."
Abstract This paper provides five brief essays on a number of different aspects of Latin America and its revolutionary history, including essays on: Simon Bolivar, Domingo Sarmiento, and Juan Manuel de Rosas; Emiliano Zapata; the political uses of history in independence and post-independence writings; the idea of race in Latin America; and, the way revolution has functioned as a concept in LatinAmerican history.
From the Paper "Essay One The independence achieved in Latin America freed nations from colonial rule.Despite this freedom there were many similarities between the colonial and post-independence eras in terms of goals rhetoric ..."
Abstract This paper examines the bumpy road to democracy in Latin America. It explains how, in a region with a long history of autocratic rule, democracy is a relatively new concept and must prove to be more favorable than authoritarian rule. The paper concludes that, because of the effects of transition and international intervention legacies, full democracy has not been meaningfully incorporated into LatinAmericanpolitical culture.
From the Paper "For the past three decades, Latin America has experienced a steady wave of democratization. While most countries in the region are currently considered democratic, they continue to be plagued with economic instability, violations of human rights and government corruption. Latin American leaders are generally chosen by free elections, but elections alone do not constitute a full democracy. A fully democratic government must be able to protect their civilians' basic rights and meet the demands of the popular will. The less-than-ideal quality of present-day Latin American democracy can be attributed to the manner in which democratic regimes assumed power, the role of international influences and the actual performance of democratic governments."
Abstract This paper discusses the rationality of creating a social institution for LatinAmerican countries, resembling the mechanisms of the European Union. The paper starts by discussing the role of international institutions and organizations in the present world order. Next, the paper provides a complete, yet concise, review of literature relevant to the discussion and then provides the rationale for the creation of a social institution in Latin America. The paper argues in favor of such an institution's formation by revealing the failures of the international institutions and global organizations and by highlighting the dilemmas of the national governments in the present world order. Lastly, the paper provides a brief, yet concise mechanisms of the social institution that will assist the LatinAmerican countries in resolving the present discrepancies and problems confronting them.
Table of Contents
Abstract
Introduction
Review of Related Literature
The Rationale for the Creation of a LatinAmerican Social Institution
An argument in Favor of the Creation of a
LatinAmerican Social Institution
The Possible Mechanisms of the LatinAmerican Social Institution
Conclusion
From the Paper "The thought of creating an international social institution in Latin America, resembling The European Union structure needs careful examination as it is clear from the above mentioned facts that research and study on this subject is neither very extensive nor very comprehensive. However, before we assess the justification and the possible working structure of an international institution in Latin America, it is imperative we briefly review the theories pertaining to this subject so that we may be able to clearly evaluate not only the workings of the Latin American social institution but also the fundamental reasons and motivations underlying such a development."
Abstract This paper takes a look at how Latin America currently has the potential to be the fastest growing internet market in the world. This paper also takes a look at the effects, predictions and obstacles that have had an influence on the LatinAmerican community as a result of accessing and using the Internet.
Contents:
Who are the LatinAmerican Internet Users?
Obstacles to Internet Growth and Use in Latin America - The Economy
Infrastructure Problems - Computers and Phone Lines
The Language Barrier
The Future of e-Commerce
Profile of Countries
From the Paper "Although Latin America is behind the times, the Internet is rapidly growing. The Latin American Internet is expected to grow faster then the United States. Salomon Smith Barney's report on StarMedia, issued on March 14, 2000, claimed, "the marketing pace and competitive activity in Latin America is currently more frenzied than what was the experience in the United States." But why is the activity so frenzied? What exactly is the Internet market like in Latin America right now? What are the obstacles preventing a flourishing Internet market? What factors should a public relations practitioner know about when using the Internet in public relations activities in Latin America? The rest of this section answers these questions."
Abstract This paper assesses the techniques and methodologies that fuel the fire behind a potentially future global leader in the music industry, the LatinAmerican Recording Industry. It evaluates the market considerations that will become increasingly important if the market is to continue to expand successfully. It also proposes solutions to the recent decline in LatinAmerican music sales, following the boom of the nineties.
It presents viable alternatives, solutions and innovations for the LatinAmerican music industry, through a detailed analysis of several market characteristics and considerations, including trends, socioeconomic and ethno-musicological factors.
From the Paper "Since the 1990's however, the Latin American recording industry has witnessed a decline in growth. Sales, which during the nineties accounted for as much as 7% of the world market, now only account for approximately 4%. A large majority of the recent decline is due to changing market considerations and global trends, socioeconomic factors and technological advances. As the Latin American music market moves into the global market, the use of the internet becomes increasingly critical to success. One of the difficulties faced not only by the Latin American Market, but by all music entrepreneurs is the growing threat of piracy, which technology has enabled."
