Abstract This paper examines that LatinAmerican economic development in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was hindered by a number of geopolitical and socioeconomic impediments. The author points out that LatinAmerican nations were all struggling with the negative legacy of colonialism and imperialism at this time and their governments encountered significant difficulties as they sought to establish modern economic systems. The paper stresses that one major impediment was that despite their wealth of resources, these emerging countries lacked sufficient capital and labor to build land transportation networks.
From the Paper "Latin American economic development in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was hindered by a number of geopolitical and socioeconomic impediments. Latin American nations were all struggling with the negative legacy of colonialism and imperialism at this time and their governments encountered significant difficulties as they sought to establish modern economic systems. One major impediment was that the emerging countries of the Western Hemisphere, despite their wealth of resources, lacked sufficient capital and labor to build land transportation networks. (Conde 90) Without such an internal communications infrastructure, economic progress is difficult to attain."
Abstract This paper presents an analysis of how Ruben Dario's poem "To Roosevelt" and the music and dance form known as "tango" are representative of the LatinAmerican struggle to forge an identity.
From the Paper "If the history of Latin America can be described as a search for a viable identity, then without doubt two expressions of that identity come in the form of Ruben Dario's poem "To Roosevelt" and the dance and music form known as tango. Having won independence from, Spain having survived an umber of civil wars and having to contend with its increasingly powerful neighbor to the north, Latin Americans continued to struggle to formulate a viable identity. Because of both internal and external oppression..."
Tags: Theodore Roosevelt, Monroe Doctrine, Spain, civil war, imperialism, art, love, dualism, anger
Abstract This paper looks at Hispanic culture and how it has helped shape and mold American culture. The great extent to which LatinAmerican dance, music, and food have become an intrinsic part of the overall American culture is cited as an example of this influence. The paper concludes by suggesting that American culture truly is a blend of cultures from all over the world.
From the Paper "America has often been referred to as the great melting pot, a smorgasbord of people with various racial, cultural and ethnic identities and traditions. Tied to this view is the idea that the culture of the American people should be defined as a cornucopia of different cultures melded into one to form a new, hybrid culture. Many different cultures have influenced the overall culture within the United States particularly that of the Latin American people with whom I associate."
Tags: melting, pot, ethnic, cultural, identities, traditions, united, states
This paper traces the evolution of America's identity using elements of the musical 1776. It concentrates on the Founding Fathers and their drive for freedom and the large role that an Americanidentity played in independence.
960 words (approx. 3.8 pages), 3 sources, 2002, $ 34.95
Abstract This paper uses extensive information about colonial America and discusses the issue of an Americanidentity. Analysis of the film 1776 and Thomas Paine's Common Sense is used to demonstrate the strength of this identity. The thesis is as follows: As the film 1776 clearly demonstrates, during the American Revolution an Americanidentity was stronger than it had ever been.
From the paper:
"Early American colonies were viewed as very individual and indeed in many instances had much closer ties to England than they did with each other. However, ties with England began to fray due to the poor of the colonies by England. Early examples of this were the Navigation Acts of 1660, which regulated commerce and ensured that ?everything went through England.? From this time, an Americanidentity began to form. As tensions between England and the colonies grew stronger other factors arose to further the development of an Americanidentity. "Choice" in shopping and material possessions and the "standardization of consumer behavior" (similar goods being available throughout the colonies ) enhanced unity throughout America. As the film 1776 clearly demonstrates, during the American Revolution an Americanidentity was stronger than it had ever been."
Tags: 1776, american, common, fathers, founding, independance, revolution, sense
Abstract The LatinAmerican recording industry has always been a unique industry that blends economics, entertainment, and culture. The majority of its entertainers depict the variety of ethnicity that is part of LatinAmerican culture. This paper investigates the LatinAmerican recording industry, the genres of music and hybrid styles, and the role label companies play in producing and managing the artists. It also looks at how music interacts culturally, politically, and economically, affecting social identity Research in this paper shows that there is a complex relationship between the industry itself and the development of pan-Latinidentities, as well as a more intricate relationship between economics and culture. In addition, the research demonstrates that the LatinAmerican recording industry is a powerful medium for creating images among consumers, which impacts the desire to be like their idol. Finally, this paper summarizes the potential changes created by a new business model for the LatinAmerican recording industry.
From the Paper "Aside from the confusion between Latin American and Latino music, the U.S. Latino market is undergoing a crucial transformation, perhaps more in taking stock of reality than in reality itself. It is no secret that U.S.Latino music has largely meant the kind of pop associated with Jennifer Lopez, Marc Anthony, Ricky Martin and the like, or with so-called tropical music (salsa and kindred genres). New York and Miami are the capitals of this kind of pop and tropical, but when the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) ?the music industry's trade organization ? began dividing Latin music sales by genre in 2000, they discovered the overwhelming sales dominance of the Mexican regional market, which is based in California and the Southwest, particularly Texas, and generates 60 percent of the US$640 million market for Latin music sales."
Abstract This paper discusses the rationality of creating a social institution for LatinAmerican countries, resembling the mechanisms of the European Union. The paper starts by discussing the role of international institutions and organizations in the present world order. Next, the paper provides a complete, yet concise, review of literature relevant to the discussion and then provides the rationale for the creation of a social institution in Latin America. The paper argues in favor of such an institution's formation by revealing the failures of the international institutions and global organizations and by highlighting the dilemmas of the national governments in the present world order. Lastly, the paper provides a brief, yet concise mechanisms of the social institution that will assist the LatinAmerican countries in resolving the present discrepancies and problems confronting them.
Table of Contents
Abstract
Introduction
Review of Related Literature
The Rationale for the Creation of a LatinAmerican Social Institution
An argument in Favor of the Creation of a
LatinAmerican Social Institution
The Possible Mechanisms of the LatinAmerican Social Institution
Conclusion
From the Paper "The thought of creating an international social institution in Latin America, resembling The European Union structure needs careful examination as it is clear from the above mentioned facts that research and study on this subject is neither very extensive nor very comprehensive. However, before we assess the justification and the possible working structure of an international institution in Latin America, it is imperative we briefly review the theories pertaining to this subject so that we may be able to clearly evaluate not only the workings of the Latin American social institution but also the fundamental reasons and motivations underlying such a development."
Reviews two articles about identityformation in adolescence: "The Development of the Sense of Self in Adolescence" by A. Blasi and K. Milton and "Styles of IdentityFormation in Early and Middle Adolescence" by H. Flum.
Abstract This paper examines and compares "The Development of the Sense of Self in Adolescence" by A. Blasi and K. Milton and "Styles of IdentityFormation in Early and Middle Adolescence" by H. Flum, which both explore different adolescent identity styles and how they are formed. The paper points out that both articles are influenced by Erik Erikson's concept of the development of personality during adolescence. The paper also explains that Flum explores styles of identity within the framework of a number of issues, which concern adolescents at different age levels and represent the intrapersonal and interpersonal facets of the adolescent's experience; whereas, Blasi and Milton clarify an adolescent's sense of self, which underlies the experience of their evolving identity.
From the Paper "Flum (1994) results were categorized based on Marcia's ego-identity statuses. These showed whether the participant demonstrated identity diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium, diffused type of moratorium and a less-diffused type of moratorium. The participants who fit into the identify diffusion category showed high external orientation and low decisiveness. The lower SES group had the most extreme cases of identity diffusion. The results for sex differences showed that 8 out of 10 of the extreme identity cases where males. There was no difference found for age for participants with extreme identity diffusion and the extreme non diffusion participants."
Abstract This paper examines how although most LatinAmerican countries were given suffrage as early as 1940, 30 years later, by 1971 women were still locked into a culture of Catholicism, control and machismo. The paper discusses the many aspects of women's rights that need to be addressed in order for women to be truly accepted as equals.
Table of Contents:
General Suffrage
LatinAmerican Suffrage
Human Rights/Women's Rights
Women and Employment
Employment and Working Conditions
Argentina and Mexico
LatinAmerican Women Reproductive and Health Issues
LatinAmerican Women's Health Issues
LatinAmerican Women in Politics
Human Rights Issues for Women in Latin America
Legal Protection for LatinAmerican Women
LatinAmerican Women and Violence
Conclusion
From the Paper "The Roman Catholic Church has a strong political hold on the hearts and minds of Latin American and the influence of the Roman Catholic Church has kept a majority of Latin American women chained to the cycle of childbirth. Despite the fact that a majority of Latin American women have been the "beneficiaries" of universal suffrage since World War II, family planning that was not in accordance with the Roman Catholic Church's edicts has been severely limited. A woman who is unable to obtain or hold a job because of her constant gravid state is unlikely to put emancipation before basic survival. Unfortunately Latin American's economic condition has suffered because of as burgeoning uncontrollable population explosion which compromises the health and welfare not only of the women large numbers of children but the children themselves."
Abstract This paper considers three different aspects of the technology and political marketplace that have negatively affected LatinAmerican music sales and, in particular, the effect that pirated music is having on the industry. The paper then looks at the future of LatinAmerican popular music and the LatinAmerican recording industry and presents solutions and recommendations to rebuild, improve, and expand the LatinAmerican industry.
The Future of LatinAmerican Popular Music
The Future of The LatinAmerican Recording Industry
Reconstructing the Industry
Music Delivery
Anti Piracy Efforts
From the Paper "However, in the music industry, the creation of the internet and the capabilities to deliver individual songs digitally and globally has changed that perspective as well. The creation of a global economy and improved communication systems has facilitated the worldwide dissemination of mass culture. Specifically, trends in Latin America are now becoming part of the Latino population in the central and North American regions. Hence, the market for Latin American music, and the path toward improving the profitability of the Latin American music industry should also consider the North American markets a part of their potential customer base."
Abstract This paper crosses disciplines of psychology and sociology/anthropology. It uses Erik Erikson's famous "Theory of IdentityFormation" to try and make sense of Amish culture. It examines social and psychological aspects of Amish life from birth to death. It finds that Erikson's theory works well and is substantiated by Amish life?especially Amish adolescence.
From the Paper "With this paper I am concerned with observing Old Order Amish Society (primarily in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania) through an Eriksonian framework of identity formation. His epigenetic cycle, the Eight Stages of Man, will be played out using Amish social customs and practices extracted from numerous literary sources, though most predominantly from John Hostetler's Amish Society. Of particular interest, and most emphasized, is the fifth epigenetic stage?the identity crisis. To expedite a resolution during this adolescent phase, Erikson prescribes a psychological "moratorium" which corresponds directly to the seemingly peculiar Amish practice of relaxing behavioral standards of teenagers. In order not to misrepresent individual identity as collective identity writ small, the notion of Amish personhood is later invoked, although is more briefly discussed. The successful resolution of an adolescent's identity crisis seems to coincide with the decision to enter the church, which, marked by the baptism ceremony, signifies attainment of full personhood. Despite that Erikson's notion of identity is predicated upon a fairly determinant and universalistic psychobiological trajectory, and therefore of limited utility for comparative studies, it is believed useful here as an analytic tool for understanding Amish development given their strong cultural identity and social dictates of personal behavior."
Abstract This paper describes the process of identityformation in minority ethnic group adolescents, discusses the special difficulties experienced by various ethnic group members, and examines what society can do to help ease the process for these adolescents.
Abstract This paper takes a look at how Latin America currently has the potential to be the fastest growing internet market in the world. This paper also takes a look at the effects, predictions and obstacles that have had an influence on the LatinAmerican community as a result of accessing and using the Internet.
Contents:
Who are the LatinAmerican Internet Users?
Obstacles to Internet Growth and Use in Latin America - The Economy
Infrastructure Problems - Computers and Phone Lines
The Language Barrier
The Future of e-Commerce
Profile of Countries
From the Paper "Although Latin America is behind the times, the Internet is rapidly growing. The Latin American Internet is expected to grow faster then the United States. Salomon Smith Barney's report on StarMedia, issued on March 14, 2000, claimed, "the marketing pace and competitive activity in Latin America is currently more frenzied than what was the experience in the United States." But why is the activity so frenzied? What exactly is the Internet market like in Latin America right now? What are the obstacles preventing a flourishing Internet market? What factors should a public relations practitioner know about when using the Internet in public relations activities in Latin America? The rest of this section answers these questions."
Abstract This paper assesses the techniques and methodologies that fuel the fire behind a potentially future global leader in the music industry, the LatinAmerican Recording Industry. It evaluates the market considerations that will become increasingly important if the market is to continue to expand successfully. It also proposes solutions to the recent decline in LatinAmerican music sales, following the boom of the nineties.
It presents viable alternatives, solutions and innovations for the LatinAmerican music industry, through a detailed analysis of several market characteristics and considerations, including trends, socioeconomic and ethno-musicological factors.
From the Paper "Since the 1990's however, the Latin American recording industry has witnessed a decline in growth. Sales, which during the nineties accounted for as much as 7% of the world market, now only account for approximately 4%. A large majority of the recent decline is due to changing market considerations and global trends, socioeconomic factors and technological advances. As the Latin American music market moves into the global market, the use of the internet becomes increasingly critical to success. One of the difficulties faced not only by the Latin American Market, but by all music entrepreneurs is the growing threat of piracy, which technology has enabled."
Abstract This paper examines the history of LatinAmerican music and the influence it has had on American culture, looking at the particular forms that have had the most influence as well as some of the particular personalities that have been the most influential in bringing LatinAmerican music to the United States.
From the Paper ?It would be hard to find any area of 20th-century American pop music ? and now 21st century ? that has not been affected by Latin American music, including Tin Pan Alley, stage and film music, jazz, rhythm and blues, country music, and rock (Roberts, 1998, p. 14). The musical voices of Brazil, Cuba, and Mexico have made their way into each of these American forms, which have been influenced not only by Latin American rhythms and musical forms but also by individual musicians and bandleaders who came to play an important role in shaping American culture (Roberts, 1998, p. 19).?
Abstract This paper profiles a typical LatinAmerican revolution and examines why these countries are so susceptible to these uprisings. It addresses the historical, social & cultural variables of a revolution and the possible moves to democracy. It also examines a few of the successful LatinAmerican democracies and asks what makes them prosper.
From the Paper "Revolution is a sudden, forcible change of the political and social order often accompanied by violence, in which a significant section (not always a majority) of the population participates. Revolution usually occurs when a general climate of discontent exists in a society. A modern historian, Craine Brinton, has analyzed the conditions in a society ripe for revolution and saw a pre-Revolutionary society as ?having a combination of social and political tensions, caused by a gradual breakdown of the values of a society.?"
