Abstract
In this article examines the language of French and argues that French is a major or global language. The writer firstly defines the expression global language and explains that there are believed to be approximately 6700 languages in the world. To prove this argument, five characteristics of French are used to demonstrate that it is a global language.

From the Paper
Human beings speak a tremendous number of languages. According to Professor Mary MacKeracher, "There are about 6700 languages in the world". Just because there are a large number of languages in the world does not mean that they are all equal in terms of numbers of speakers or distribution. Some languages such as English are spoken by a large number of people in many different countries. Other languages are spoken by a small numbers of people in relatively small geographic areas. Languages with large numbers of speakers and a wide geographic distribution are generally known as major or global languages. There are a number of languages that could be ... "

Tags:french, global, language

Abstract
The paper discusses how Ontario is committed to raising the numbers of fully bilingual adults in the next generation via core French programs, bilingual classrooms and immersion settings. The paper explains the debate on the suitability of French for special education students, arguing in favour of French, bilingual and immersion settings benefiting diverse special ed students. The paper supports J. Cummins' model of second language study and assessment and refers to Baker and Bialystok on the benefits of two languages.

From the Paper
"Canada's two official languages and growing demand for bilingual or French immersion education beyond Francophone areas challenges Special Education teachers, as they must explore different teaching methods and novel approaches to second language studies. Other Special Education teachers face students from new Canadian backgrounds who must acquire French quickly in areas where French is the usual language and medium of instruction. Others speak French in the home but in dialects that demand instruction towards French as it is spoken in Canada."

Tags:bilingualism, special ed, french sl

Abstract
This paper discusses a comment by Honore de Mallarme, a French poet, that was aimed at Edgar Degas, a French artist. The paper first discusses how art relates to poetry and how Degas' principles relate to those of Mallarme. The paper then discusses why Mallarme made his comment and examines how poetry can be formed out of words, in order to see what effects and achievements this produces.

From the Paper
"Whilst this may seem in opposition to the principle that on fait des sonnets avec des mots, what Mallarme means here verse is should be implicitly suggestive rather than explicitly descriptive. His intention in writing Herodiade was to convey a sensation of reflexive beauty. Like some of the poems we have looked at already, the poem is somewhat about itself - the power and beauty of poetic language free from representational function. It is evident how Mallarme invente une langue here - Aboli and Une Aurore a presents to us the capital 'A' twice, the symbol of the beginning of a new alphabet and a new language, which is not just any language but one that is likened to a dawn - Une Aurore, the or in which mirrors nu, pure and gold poetry."

Tags:language, genre, medium, sonnet

Abstract
This paper tries to understand the phenomena why so many Americans have such animosity to the French. It looks at the common history that the two nations share, the similarities and also their differences and asks where the root of this animosity started.

From the paper:

"France is a member of the European community and French is spoken all over the world, from Europe to North America to Africa. Yet why are there so many jokes about, and so much animosity towards the French? Some of the problems Americans have with the French perhaps stem from the fact that the French seem fairly similar to us on the surface in appearance and prosperity, yet act so differently. For instance, many English words have French roots due to the Norman invasion of our parent country of England in 1066. (Let's Go 59) Yet the French, even in contrast to other European countries, have always gone "their own way," perhaps most famously Charles DeGaulle's bowing out of NATO during the formation of that organization after World War II."

Tags:Norman, language, foreign, government, reason, intellect, beaurocracy, prestige, ethnocentric, culture, social, norms

Abstract
This paper critically examines France in terms of the issues of cultural diversity and globalization. The author attempts to portray France as a monocultural country that professes to be multicultural. To challenge the French viewpoint of their cultural diversity, the paper points to the control of the Academie Francaise over issues of the French language.

From the Paper
"Monoculturalism is in the very heart and fabric of French culture-so much so that France is the only country in the world with a central authority, the Acadmie Franaise, whose sole responsibility is to guard the French language from corruption by other languages. (Gray) The Acadmie's secretary Maurice Druon is quoted as saying that "the language of a people is its soul" and Foreign Minister Vedrine has stated that "Our language is like our genetic code." (Gordon)

Tags:France, French, monocultural, multicultural, political science, globalization, cultural diversity

Abstract
This paper is a proposal for a research essay that will examine Quebec's language laws as they presently exist, and as they have existed since the 1970's. Besides being an historical study, the paper will be an empirical one insofar as it will collect data which illustrates how the language laws have materially impacted non-French businesses and new arrivals to the province of Quebec. Ultimately, the final essay will test this writer's hypothesis that the language laws are an indefensible affront to the citizenship rights of new Canadians and should be designated as unjustifiably discriminatory.

From the Paper
"The following paper is a proposal for a research essay that will examine Quebec's language laws as they presently exist - and as they have existed since the 1970s. Besides being an historical study, the paper will be an empirical one insofar as it will collect data which illustrates how the language laws have materially impacted non-French businesses and new arrivals to the province of Quebec. Ultimately, the final essay will test this writer's hypothesis that the language laws are an indefensible affront to the citizenship rights of new Canadians and should be designated as unjustifiably discriminatory..."

Tags:democracy, quebec, language

Abstract
This paper takes a look at the history and evolution of language. The paper discusses the various factors that influenced the changes in our language. According to the paper, one of the biggest influences on our modern language, was the development of the computer and related technologies. The paper further discusses how words are adopted from other languages to become an accepted part of another tongue.

From the Paper
"The next huge change in language was also due to technological change, but instead of printed books, it was a great change in our environment. Technological development was accelerated by the development of the personal computer. All this "new stuff" had to have names. Sometimes, a new name might simply be a new meaning for an old word. One such example is the word "bug". In the 1940s the only computers in use were huge machines: Eniac, Univac etc. These machines were made using vacuum tubes, some of which burned out every time the computer was used. People on roller skates would replace the burned out tubes after every use. One day, the machine stopped working, and no burned vacuum tubes could be found. A concerted search of the entire machine turned up a large moth fried on the wires behind one circuit panel. That is how the word "bug" became a problem in computer functioning, both mechanical and digital. (AskOxford.com 2006)"

Tags:spelling, speech, culture, pidgin, english, latin, french, words, technology, sounds

Abstract
The following paper will briefly discuss the evolution of Quebec language laws since the 1960s. In particular, the paper will note the eventful history surrounding Bill 101 while paying attention also to its 1974 predecessor, Bill 22. Despite the tensions the Quebec government's legislative efforts have caused, there is actually some evidence that the French tongue is stronger today than it has been in many decades - even generations.

From the Paper
Quebec Language Laws over Time: The 1960s to the Present The following paper will briefly discuss the evolution of Quebec language laws since the 1960s. In particular, the paper will note the eventful history surrounding Bill 101 while paying attention also to its 1974 predecessor, Bill 22. Despite the tensions the Quebec government's legislative efforts have caused, there is actually some evidence that the French tongue is stronger today than it has been in many decades - even generations. Glancing at the available evidence, it certainly appears as though Quebec's language laws did not start gaining widespread notoriety until

Tags:language, laws, quebec

Abstract
The paper discusses the growing decline of the French language's usage around the world. The paper explains that with America becoming more and more powerful as the only major world power, the influence of English has become far more powerful in its infiltration into French economies-via business marketing and other cultural facets of American culture. The paper asserts that the rise of America in the 21st century makes this a serious challenge for maintaining the political viability of the French language and preventing its lack of use within English speaking public schools.

Tags:art, lingua, francois

Abstract
This paper explains that language policy is a big problem in developing countries, especially in the Maghreb world, which was under the French rule: Tunisia, Algeria and Morocco. The paper defines language planning (LP) as the activity of preparing a normative orthography, grammar and dictionary for the guidance of writers and speakers in a non-homogeneous speech community and relates that language planning includes language policy. The paper then discusses corpus, status and acquisition planning using examples mainly from the French Academy and the Hebrew revival movement.

Table of Contents:
A Theoretical View on Language Planning (LP)
Introduction
Definitions and Elements of LP
The Term "Language Planning"
Two Different Definitions of LP
Elements of Language Planning
Types of Language Planning
Corpus Planning
Status Planning
Acquisition Planning
Examples of Language Planning and Language Planning Policies
The "Academie Francaise" as an Example of Corpus Planning
The Promotion of Hebrew in Palestine as an Example of Status Planning
Examples of Language Planning Policies: Policy A, B, C.....

From the Paper
"Richelieu established the AF. In 1624, he became first minister in Louis XIII. Richelieu was so close to artists, writers in particular. In 1629, a group of men interested in language and literature started to meet at a rich man's house just for conversation. Richelieu wanted to transform this club into an official institution serving the country. He formed this group into an official body. He had a political purpose. He wanted them to work on his behalf by supporting his policies, which is the main reason behind his finding of the AF. "

Tags:glottopolitics, national, graphization, diglossic, richelieu