Abstract This paper discusses the impact of increased immigration on labormarkets. It primarily focuses on the literature review of five sources that pertain to how immigration has negatively affected the native labor force. Some experts argue that the problem lies with the employer, as organizations that employ low-skilled workers may hire immigrants to save on labor costs.
From the Paper "Trade agreements between countries and regions (i.e. NAFTA and CAFTA) have resulted in increased immigration to North America. The North American low-skilled labour force is suffering as the competition in this market is rapidly increasing as a result of increased immigration. The purpose of this paper is to discuss and analyze whether increased immigration negatively affects native labour markets."
Abstract This paper explains that the author's company wants to expand its working resources to Romania in an attempt to penetrate the labormarket and develop a team of highly skilled programmers and developers, who are reasonably priced. The plan by which the author would manage the fulfillment of this goal is described. The paper stress the importance of providing an analysis of the external environment of the country, which will be the venue for outsourcing, in this case Romania, and of the internal processes, which in this paper is the human resources methodological framework
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Overview
Description of the LaborMarket in Romania
Profile Candidate
General Administrative issues
Recruitment and Selection
Training
Potential Competition
Motivational Instruments
Time Line
Forecast and Vision
Conclusions
From the Paper "Following Maslow's pyramid of needs, we can identify several levels where are employees can be motivated. In my opinion, employees in Romania will probably tend to be somewhere around the fourth and fifth steps, which means that instruments such as those that manifest appreciation for the employee will be successful tools. Money is obviously a strong motivational incentive, especially in a country like Romania that is only recently joining the more prosperous states."
Abstract This is a final exam with three different questions. First, the forces transforming women's paid and unpaid labor in the twentieth century. 2nd, Current changes in labormarkets, "employment insurance" and training programs." And finally: The possible effects of economic crisis upon the structure of work in developed capitalist societies.
An analysis of the baseball labormarket, including the question of whether baseball athlete's salaries are too high, in respect to revenues earned by team owners.
750 words (approx. 3 pages), 2 sources, 2001, $ 26.95
Abstract This paper analyses baseball's labormarket with reference to the economic phenomenon of a monopsony. The question of whether baseball athletes salaries are too high is raised, in respect to revenues earned by team owners. Several economic issues are brought up, including: competitive markets, monopolies, supply and demand, etc.
Tags: monopsony, economics, competitive markets sport
Abstract The paper uses Hamermesh and Biddle's analysis "Beauty and the LaborMarket" in this discussion of discrimination in the labormarket. The paper looks at whether there is a relationship between beauty and levels of earnings as determined by Hamermesh and Biddle. The paper comments on the findings of this 1994 analysis and also examines why it is incomplete.
From the Paper "Hamermesh and Biddle's 1994 analysis of the relationship between beauty and economics, entitled "Beauty and the Labor Market," hypothesized that there were indeed correlations between levels of attractiveness and wage-earnings. Through their analysis of three surveys (one Canadian [1981], two American [1977, 1971]), the authors determined that wage premiums (higher wages) were associated with advanced levels of attractiveness, and that wage penalties (lower wages) were linked to reduced ranks of beauty. One noteworthy finding of the study was that "men's looks may have slightly larger effects on their earnings than do women's" (Hamermesh and Biddle 1187)."
Abstract Before 1990 a labormarket, in the common sense of the term, did not exist in Poland. However with the fall of communism in Eastern Europe, Poland underwent a period of great transition characterized by drastic changes in the nation's economic sphere. There are various aspects to the labormarket that can help one understand the nature of these changes which have shaped Poland over the last decade. The paper examines the most notable, employment and unemployment, and their common relationship effects on job vacancies and inflation.
From the Paper "Over the last decade Poland experienced a great transformation in the size of its labor force. This transformation brought a large decline in numbers of the working population (employed) and employees (working for a wage or salary) within the civilian economy. This was attributed to the great change and re-allocation of the labor force. Levels of employment have been declining quite systematically since 1990. Many workers lost their jobs, either for a limited time or permanently. Another substantial number of workers changed employment quite rapidly, barely without a small period of unemployment between their old and new jobs. The transition also has brought a larger number of pensioners as a result of the introduction of early retirement schemes, as well as an increase in the number of disability claims. People who were afraid that they might lose their jobs had they exposed their health problems were now able to get disability status. In Poland the number of old age pensioners and disabled people increased by 1 438 000 in the period from 1990 to 1996."
Abstract Discusses whether free market principles can be applied to the labormarket. Questions whether a minimum wge introduces artificial subsidies into the market which increase inefficiency and layoffs. Minimum wage theory from perspective of modern liberalism. Conservative argument. View of supply & demand. Concepts & realities of perfect competition.
From the Paper "Can free market principles be applied to the labor market? Specifically, does the imposition of a minimum wage introduce artificial subsidies into the labor market which increase inefficiency and result in layoffs? The debate over the minimum wage and its effect on workers raged throughout the second half of the twentieth century, and continues. Labor believes that the minimum wage is set too low, while business maintains that any increase places an unfair burden on companies that will be forced to lay off the workers the minimum wage is designed to protect. This research examines the liberal view of the minimum wage, the conservative critique of that view, and the evidence in support of both.
Minimum Wage Theory from the Perspective of Modern Liberalism
The minimum wage was..."
Abstract This paper discusses how Canadian women went through a shift in their labormarket position over the course of the 20th century, towards less exclusion and more entitlement to waged work. The paper shows how the division of labor has changed through the 20th century towards greater female equality in the workplace, entitlement and security. It then discusses how, in spite of the changes, women still appear to work for less income than men while also continuing with childcare duties.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
World War I
World War II
A Society Described as One Society
Reflection and Discussion
Conclusion
From the Paper "One begins to wonder too how typical working class girls were, as none of the materials seem to refer to women who went to university, took business courses, taught school, served as nurses in the World Wars or, for that matter, completed medical school in the later 19th century. A reader could get the idea that such women did not exist in Canada till the 1950s or later. One also begins to think of wives and mothers who were widows after World War I and how they managed - their work in raising children on small pensions, apparently, not something in which we should be interested, today. What do the authors see as women's paid work and why is it so very important compared to other women's achievements that perhaps do not have to do with the boring topic of class formation or industrial labour. A reader who was not curious would be given nothing with which to imagine the kinds of societies in which women lived through the early 20th century. Canada had no 'safety net' till after 1945, and this is very important in terms of how one tries to see the world to which women were born. (See Porter 2003) The custom of seeing men employed, who would then support women and children, came from something other than wishing to 'imprison' women in the home, as they were responsible for dependents where deep poverty was possible. If a man lost his income, there could be serious deprivation for several people who depended on him in the absence of state relief."
Abstract The paper relates that the surge in the Canadian job market does reflect many of the factors evident in the labormarket of the United States. There is growth in some industries to include finance, professional fields, public administration and natural resource jobs. Yet, the paper shows how in many other low wage jobs there have been significant deceases in employment. Furthermore, while it is evident that full time workers are gaining positions across Canada, there are significant decreases in the number of part time positions available throughout all industries.
Abstract This paper defines discrimination as an insidious factor, which prevents one or more individuals from getting the same treatment, remuneration, and opportunities that others who belong to the same category, with the same qualifications, the same abilities and capabilities get from a business enterprise, whether private or government-owned. The author points out that, in corporate discussions, men have a tendency to interrupt women and to decide on the agenda more than women interrupt men or decide on discussion topics; women's interruptions are seen as violations of norms of subservient behavior; whereas, men's interruptions are encouraged. The paper relates that gender discrimination is illegal according to the Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended, which covers employers with 15 or more full-time or part-time employers and prohibits discrimination in hiring, firing and other conditions of employment on the basis of race, color, religion, sex or national origin.
Table of Contents
Introduction: Types of Discrimination in the LaborMarket Wage Discrimination
Occupational Discrimination
Human Capital Discrimination
Case Study: Discrimination Cases Against Wal-Mart
Gender Discrimination - Definition
How Gender Bias Influences the Wages of Women
Wage Disparity
Illegality of Pay Discrimination
Economic Disparities by Gender, Race, and Ethnicity
Women's Working Conditions
Glass Ceiling
Sexual harassment
Impact of Gender Discrimination ? Gender and Production Possibilities
Solutions:
Government Acts ? Civil Rights Acts Affirmative Action
Conclusion
From the Paper "Wal-Mart, the biggest supermarket in the United States has had its fair share of lawsuits involving racial discrimination, sexual harassment, age discrimination and other employment problems. The costliest is a class suit, which, if won by the accusers, could result in Wal-Mart paying hundreds of millions of dollars in damages to some 700,000 women workers. The women hope to be able to ?shatter the largest glass ceiling, at Wal-Mart,? dismantle procedures and practices and allow women workers better options at work."
Tags: wal-mart, remuneration, treatment, meetings, title
Abstract This paper argues that, in spite of several laws that the Canadian government has enacted to prevent the discrimination of women in the workplace, women in Canada still have not yet achieved equality in the labormarket.
From the Paper "Have Women Achieved Equality in the Canadian Labour Market? Canada has put in place several legislative devices in an attempt to ensure that women do not suffer discrimination. In addition, there has been a growing recognition that discriminating against women in the labour market is unfair and should not be tolerated. However, as this paper will show, although considerable gains have been made, women have not yet achieved equality in the Canadian labour market. It will be shown that this reflects a lingering and pervasive inequality of the sexes within Canadian society. Despite the fact that legislative protections are in place, there stills needs to be a great deal of societal change before women will achieve true substantive equality in..."
Abstract With the rise to power of neoliberal forces in the United States in the 1980s, the Canadian labormarket has been systemically moving towards an increasingly deregulated model that has led to many of the jobs created in Canada today being low paid and insecure. This essay critically examines several policy options to remedy this situation. The areas examined include (1) improving regulations for employment standards; (2) improving the quality of jobs; and (3) improving the quality of the Canadian labour force.
Abstract This paper discusses how a tight labormarket has affected U.S. manufacturers. It then goes on to suggest measures that U.S. manufacturers can take to anticipate changes in the labormarket. The paper discusses the different factors affecting the rising cost of production. It concludes by suggesting that successful corporations have been able to anticipate rising labor costs of production and have also been able to enjoy record profits by passing on the burden of increased costs of production to their consumers.
From the Paper "Corporate America is finding it difficult to maintain its lofty profit margins because higher wages are squeezing corporate profits. More concrete data now confirms this trend. In this paper, I discuss how a tight labor market has affected U.S. manufacturers and measures U.S. manufacturers can take to anticipate changes in the labor market."
Abstract This paper looks at the way in which the change in the American population into a more multi-cultural place also means a change in the consumer and labormarkets. Experts predict the labormarket will become tighter, more female, more non-white, and more mature. The paper studies these implications on corporate culture and diversity in the workplace.
From the Paper "Any given society's or group's culture is that collection of attitudes and behaviors learned by people as the result of belonging to that particular society or group. Culture allows each person in the cultural group to communicate with other members in the group comfortably and efficiently. Culture is the main factor that allows us to live together in a society. It gives us ready-made solutions to our problems, helps us to predict how others will act and to conform our behavior accordingly, and it helps us to know what others expect of us (Kluckhohn & Kelly 21)."
Abstract The paper discusses how California's nurses' wages are determined, calculated and structured. The paper reveals that California is among the states with the highest paying wages in the market of nurses. The paper also examines the factors that influence the supply and demand of a nurse's position and explains that the need for nurses will continue to grow since there is an increasing population of elderly.
From the Paper "Everyday thousands of workers face challenging economic decisions in the market economy. In the market economy, consumers and businesses make decisions of what they will produce, purchase, and distribute. Decisions in the market economy are influenced by the forces of supply and demand and competition. Mankiw's 10 principles of economics offer an outline of how wages are determined in a market economy. The two key principles which apply to the labor market for nurses are "People Face Tradeoffs" and "Governments Can Sometimes Improve Market Outcomes" (Mankiw, 2004)."
