Abstract This paper uses the definition by Benner, Tanner and Chelsea that clinical judgment is often based on patterns of responses, the specific case and the people involved in the situation. The author points out that making a clinical judgment requires nurses to use critical thinking skills. The paper relates that often clinical judgment is based on the patient, family, diagnosis and the situation.
From the Paper "What is clinical judgment? How does a nurse decide what clinical judgment to make in different cases? The definition by Benner, Tanner, and Chelsea states that clinical judgment is often based on patterns of responses, the specific case, and the people involved in the situation. Making a clinical judgment requires nurses to use critical thinking skills. Often clinical judgment is based on the patient, family, diagnosis, and the situation. The definition of clinical judgment by Benner, Tanner, and Chelsea makes common sense. This definition of clinical judgment most nurses will agree that it is the best definition because past experiences and knowledge mixed with the relationship the nurse has with the patient and family are combined in making clinical judgments. "
Abstract This paper relates the parable of the final judgment and its setting. The author performs an exegetical analysis. The paper explores the meaning of having the apostles as the only audience for this parable rather than a crowd.
From the Paper "Jesus said, "And when the Son of man comes in his glory and all the angels with him then he will sit upon his glorious throne. And all the nations will be gathered before him and he will separate them from one another as a shepherd separates...""
Tags: final judgment parable, bible, new testament
Abstract Both Immanuel Kant and David Hume hold that community, rather than merely individual response, plays a major role in the judgment of taste. Both Kant and Hume also hold that any single individual's judgment of taste is not superior over another's. The paper explains that for there to be a meaningful definition of "judgment of taste," there must be some measure which transcends limited comparisons between individual judgment. For these two philosophers, the author finds, this measure is in part in the thing being presented and perceived and in part in the community of individuals doing the perceiving and responding. Nevertheless, the paper shows that the best their grand thinking achieves is that judgment of taste is achieved only through some sort of positive consensus won by an object over a long period of time and, preferably, over several cultures as well. It argues that the fact that the works they refer to are exclusively by white European males does not support the argument about the importance of cross-cultural judgment.
From the Paper "Still, even in such ideal circumstances, the individual will simply never be free of the "interest" which works to prejudice the individual's judgment on both the conscious and unconscious levels. If individual prejudice could be eliminated, of course, there would be no need for the philosophers to rely on the "community" aspect of the judgment of taste. The basis of this community aspect is a consensus, however Kant and Hume dress it up. If a work of art, for example, endures through generations and even centuries as an admired piece of work, as one which impresses the mind and stirs the emotions, then it can be said to have achieved a superior judgment of taste from the community."
Abstract In this article, the writer refutes the claim that the sociology of taste undermines Kant's theory of pure aesthetic judgment. The writer describes Bourdieu's claim that there is no such thing as disinterested judgment because all judgments are sociologically motivated. The essay goes on to point out that Bourdieu is discussing sociology, which does not encroach on Kant's epistemology at all. Kant acknowledges that aesthetic judgment will be guided by taste, but this will not explain why one is actually moved by beauty, and for this reason he posits the existence of pure aesthetic judgment. The essay analyses Monet's paintings "Impression, Sunrise" and "Blue Water Lilies" in order to illustrate the theme.
From the Paper "Kant is a philosopher, and he scarcely encroaches on the field of sociology. Of course a philosopher cannot ignore society. Kant alludes to society when he calls something practical, or contingent. Aesthetic judgment takes place in the context of society, as far as it is motivated by determinate ends. Only that part of it which transcends all determinate ends, and prefigures beauty, in its purity, and in its inexplicableness, may be said to be beyond the bounds of society. The object of Kant's metaphysics is to point out how the contingent is ruled by the transcendental. Therefore, in his epistemology he makes out practical reason to be ruled by pure reason, and in his critique of morality he describes duty as being ruled by the categorical imperative."
Abstract This paper offers a discussion and analysis of the artwork entitled "The Judgment of Paris," by Lucas Cranach the Elder. Specifically, the paper describes the subject of the work and analyzes it with regard to its expressive content. The paper attempts to answer the following questions: What statement do you think the artist wanted to make? What techniques did the artist use to make this statement? "The Judgment of Paris" depicts a famous mythological scene with great attention to detail and reality.
From the Paper "Lucas Cranach the Elder was a German painter who lived from 1472 to 1553, and painted in the Northern Renaissance style. This painting, "The Judgment of Paris," is tempera and oil on wood, which measures 401/2 x 28 and Cranach painted it sometime around 1528. Cranach enjoyed painting in a natural style, blending his figures with the surrounding landscape, and this painting is a good example of his technique (Editors). The landscape behind the figures is quite detailed. It even includes a medieval castle on the edge of a towering cliff, along with a medieval town set off in the distance in the valley, with a ship floating serenely in the town's harbor."
This paper argues the broader implications of Stanley Kramer's 1961 film "Judgment at Nuremberg" not only in the context of its original release at the height of the Cold War but also in the milieu of the 21st century War on Terror.
Abstract The paper explains that "Judgment at Nuremberg" is remarkable for its willingness to consider the collective guilt of the German people and, even more troubling, of people from other countries. The author points out that the power of this film lies in the complexity with which it represents such issues as responsibility, accountability and guilt in the context of a Hollywood social problem film and within the conventions of courtroom drama. The paper concludes that the film also reflected the events of the early 1960s, at the time "Judgment at Nuremberg" was made, which included the trial of Eichmann in Jerusalem and the enduring injustices in the United States that would become the Civil Rights struggles. The author believes that this film still has implications in the 21st century social, legal and political debates over the treatment of terror suspects in the War on Terror and the extent to which elected representatives should be held accountable.
From the Paper "From a theatrical perspective, the casting of prominent Hollywood stars on both sides of this question is significant. It can be cynically said, as critic Pauline Kael quoted in her review, that this film is "an All-Star Concentration Camp Drama" given the number of stars involved. However, the casting of such an "heroic" leading man as Burt Lancaster as a prominent German leader can be read as a theatrical "sign" to the audience from the outset of the drama that "judgment" in this film will be more complex than if the Germans were stereotypical villains."
Abstract Over the many millennia man has walked the earth there are questions that have been asked by many people of differing creeds and faiths. Perhaps the most prevalent, according to the paper's author, are "What will happen to me after I die?", "Where will I go or will I just disappear?" and "What is death?". The paper examines the four things of which, according to Catholic doctrine, man can be sure. These are death, judgment, heaven, and hell. The paper covers all four of these 'last things' and their significance to humanity. After examining each of these ideas, the author presents his final conclusions.
Outline:
The End of Life as We Know It: Death
The Moment of Truth: Judgment To Be Saved: Heaven
Cast into the Fire: Hell
Conclusion
Bibliography
From the Paper "Death itself can be quick or long; merciful or painful; foreseen or sudden. Human beings shamelessly live in sin under the false delusion of earthly pleasure. If you died at this very moment, do you think you would go to heaven? Impenitence is "the absence, the privation, of that contrition which alone can destroy in the sinner the moral consequences of his revolt against God" (Garrigou-Lagrange, 24). There are two types of impenitence, temporal and final. Temporal impenitence can exist throughout life, but may not exist at the moment of death (24). Temporal impenitence is the lack of confession for one's sins (24). If temporal impenitence does exist at the moment of death, it is called final impenitence. Final impenitence is further split into two different forms. The first is the impenitence of fact. The impenitence of fact is the style of final impenitence that is created by the severe lacking or nonexistence of repentance for one's sins (24). The second kind of final impenitence is the impenitence of will. Impenitence of will is similar to impenitence of fact because it has an absence of repentance, however impenitence of the will includes the decision (on part of the individual) not to atone for his or her sins (24). In the Gospel book of Mark, Jesus says "Except you do penance, you shall perish" (Mark 1.15). In other words, if one doesn't rid themselves of temporal impenitence before it leads to final impenitence, they will face certain damnation. Temporal impenitence can be only destroyed by "satisfactory reparation" (Garrigou-Lagrange, 24). Satisfactory reparation includes regret for one's sin and acts of penitence (such as charity toward God) in compensation for the temporal impenitence (24)."
Abstract This paper discusses the philosophies of Aristotle, Immanuel Kant, David Hume and John Stuart Mill, all acclaimed philosophers who each claim that their respective approch to ethics is dependent on the proper exercise of practical judgment. It shows how Aristotle's thoughts are more of a generalization without any guiding principles for the practical decision making process while Hume's theory is more cogitative and lies centered on a cognitive reasoning in the role of a detached observer. It examines how Kant's reasoning on ethics seems more apt, simplistic but practical applications may result in unacceptable results, while Mill's philosophy seems to be the best particularly his definition of a good action as being good not for oneself alone but to a lot of people augurs well for the society as a whole.
From the Paper "Immanuel Kant is a philosopher of the eighteenth century. His greatness was reflected in his first published work "Critique of pure reasoning"(1781). The central theme of Kant's approach to ethics is that he considers human beings as having "dual consciousness". Herein he differs from Aristotle who did not consider the concept of duality. Kant views humans as both intelligent and at the same time not devoid of non-rational impulses. Hence he argues that there is a need for moral principles to guide in our decision making. Kant's argument is based on the point that Humans endowed with the reasoning are also prone to succumb to non-rational impulses. So Kant proposes that moral actions result when reason prevails over these Non rational impulses."
Abstract This analysis uses Nick Kotz's book "Judgment Days" to answer the question of why the public rarely views President Lyndon B. Johnson as anything more than "average." It discusses the writer's view that Johnson was actually a "near-great" president despite this common estimation and that only Vietnam prevented him from being one of America's greatest presidents in history. It also discusses the relationship between Johnson and Martin Luther King, Jr.
Tags: government, President LBJ, Vietnam, Great Society, Civil Rights, War on Poverty, Fair Housing Act, Voting Rights, Act, Martin Luther King, Jr., J. Edgar Hoover, republicans, liberals
Abstract In this article, the writer looks at the draft disposition of the Internet tort case. The writer discusses that the draft should be revised because it misstates the tort law involved. Further, the writer believes that the draft employs improper standard for reviewing summary judgment motions
From the Paper "This essay analyzes the correctness in terms of its conclusions and reasoning of the draft disposition by the state court trial judge of motions for summary judgment filed by plaintiffs and defendants in the subject case. The draft disposition should be substantially revised and many of its conclusions altered especially those relating to the granting of defendant Phishy Corp's motions, because it is based on faulty readings of the applicable state tort law and employs reasoning which would ... "
Tags: no, material, issue, of, fact, or, law, intentional, internet, torts, standards, of, conduct, in, internet, negligence, cases
Abstract This paper examines the role of priming on several social psychology behaviors including attitudes, judgements and conformity. The paper provides a description of priming and of each of the social behaviors discussed in the paper. The paper then focuses on describing past research that shows the ways in which priming affects these behaviors.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Priming Attitudes/Judgments Priming Social Conformity
From the Paper "Schemas are cognitive representations of nonsocial and social objects that are stored in memory in associative networks. Activation of a schema increases its accessibility in the present and in the future. One way to activate a schema is through priming. Priming is any experience or mental activity that occurs prior to an event or situation and which increases the likelihood that relevant schema will be made more accessible. Such experiences or activities are referred to as primes and primes vary in the level of activation or accessibility they create. The minimum prime required to activate a schema is called the response threshold (Moskowitz, 2005). This can then affect a perception, judgment, and/or behavior by associative processes in memory. In this paper I will examine priming effects on judgments and social conformity by describing several relevant studies and their results."
Abstract This paper discusses the history of the Ninth Schedule of the Indian Constitution. It describes the factors leading to the creation of the Ninth Schedule and subsequent developments to it. The paper particularly attempts to cover the journey of the Ninth Schedule and the impact the judgment in the I.R.Coelho case had on it and continues to have on it.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
A Foreword to the Ninth Schedule
Factors that Led to the Creation of Ninth Schedule
Subsequent Developments in the Ninth Schedule
History of Ninth Schedule till 1973
Post 1973 Position of the Ninth Schedule
The I.R.Coelho Case
Facts of the Case
Broad Question Before the Court
Decision Given by the Supreme Court
The I.R.Coelho Judgment from Various Perspectives
Supporting the Judgment in I.R. Coelho Case
Against the Judgment of I.R.Coelho Case
Conclusion
From the Paper "The relationship between Judiciary and Executive/Legislature in a country like India has always been contentious. The 57 years of the working of the Indian Constitution has more than once seen a supremacy tussle between the Judiciary and Executive on one hand and the Legislature on the other. One of the most inextricable reason of such a tussle has always been the Ninth Schedule which has more or less met its fate with the I.R.Coelho judgment. However, for a deeper and an unbiased understanding, it would be better to start from the history of the Ninth Schedule."
Abstract This paper analyzes a personal life evaluation of the blindness of poor character judgment in relation to William Shakespeare's "King Lear." It specifically discusses the poor character judgment of King Lear by not choosing Cordelia to take over his empire and invariably leaving his domains in the hands of his two corrupt daughters, Goneril and Regan. It also presents the writer's own personal experience with relation to the "blindness" of poor character judgment.
From the Paper "In conclusion, the arrogance of age is one example in my life where I had made a 'blind' choice because I assumed an elder superiority over rational judgment. Much like king Lear, I had chosen the wrong persons to inherit a valuable asset, which invariably ended in a tragic and destructive way. King Lear had lost his ability to rule, just as I had lost my old car to an irresponsible cousin. In this manner, I was blind because of my arrogance in assuming that those that respect my status as an elder would be more responsible. King Lear also made this mistake by allowing his superficial and usurping daughters to inherit his kingdom over the far more honest and noble Cordelia. This is how my own life experience was blind the truth in relation to King Lear of William Shakespeare's tragic play."
Abstract This paper explores three traditional presentations of the afterlife and judgment as a means of creating place within the afterlife based upon an evaluation of the individual's deeds. These three traditional works are Homer's "The Odyssey", John Milton's "Paradise Lost", and William Blake's "The Marriage of Heaven and Hell". The concept of the afterlife as is found within these three traditional works is then contrasted against the more recent film "A Matter of Life and Death" in order to witness how judgment and the afterlife manifest in a contemporary treatment of the topic.
Abstract This paper will use the works of two philosophers, the Chinese scholar Confucius and the more modern philosopher Immanuel Kant, to compare and contrast the moral judgments held by these two men. It is hoped that the differences in time and cultures will provide the enough similarities to compose judgments on the moral aspects of the human species as a whole.
