Abstract
This paper discusses John von Neumann's contributions to the fields of quantum physics, functional analysis, set theory, economics, computer science, numerical analysis, hydrodynamics, statistics and other mathematical fields. The paper also discusses his contribution to the creation of the hydrogen bomb. It goes on to describe some of his most influential achievements.

From the Paper
"John Von Neumann inarguably contributed a wealth of knowledge to the development of computers, and without his contributions the face of technology today would be primitively underdeveloped. However, Neumann may have canceled out the "good" he did in an act of self-fulfilling equivalent exchange with his work in the realms of math and science with the contributions he made to warfare and massive weaponry. The name Von Neumann is associated as much with the Atomic Bomb as it is with computer programs (Wilson), and Neumann may have had even more devastating projects on the horizon at the time of his unexpected death from cancer. During the Second World War, von Neumann worked as a consulted to both armed forces and civilian agencies that were involved in wartime projects. Neumann's genius was in high demand, and he was able to design an implosion method for bringing nuclear fuel to explosion, as well as playing an integral part in the development of the hydrogen bomb. (Cabrera) According to one of Neumann's biographers, "It has been stated that von Neumann's electronic computer hastened the hydrogen bomb explosion on November 1, 1952." (Bochner)"

Tags:technology, programming, hydrogen

Abstract
This paper takes a look at the game theory, founded by mathematician John von Neumann, and the mathematics, social and behavioral sciences that are involved. This paper also reviews the definition of a game and the fundamental decision theory, a crucial factor pertaining to the game theory.

From the Paper
"A game refers to a strategic situation that involves at least two rational and intelligent individuals called players. The fundamental result of decision theory, which forms the foundation of game theory as well, is that each player's goal is to maximize the expected value of his or her own payoff. These payoffs are measured on some utility scale, which is merely a numeric depiction of each outcome that can be gained through the player's actions. Individuals have preferences that give them the opportunity to rank the outcomes with respect to one other. For each pair of outcomes, a player can say whether he or she likes one better than the other or whether he or she is indifferent about the two.
The logical roots for game theory are in Bayesian decision theory. In fact, game theory can be seen as an extension of the decision theory (Myerson, 1991, p.5). In general, a decision theory is an interdisciplinary area of study for practitioners in mathematics, statistics, economics, philosophy, management and psychology. "

Tags:players, strategies, payoffs, matrix, rounds, points, competition, nash

Abstract
This paper encompasses the entire Christology of John's gospel and is a comprehensive analysis and interpretation of the many facets entwined within the gospel's structure. This paper's text mainly focuses upon the issues of authorship surrounding John's gospel, as well as providing a insight into the Christological/theological differences evident between John's Gospel and the three synoptic gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke.

Chapters
Context & Authorship
Comparative Elements of the Canonical Gospels and their Christology's

From the Paper
"In order for one to aptly grasp the full spectrum of information that this research based analysis offers, it is crucial for the reader to understand the title of this work; The Christology of the Gospel of John, and what the words Gospel and Christology truly signify. Gospel, as defined by the Oxford English Dictionary, 'The glad tidings (of the kingdom of God)' announced to the world by Jesus Christ. Hence, the body of religious doctrine taught by Christ and His apostles; the Christian revelation, religion or dispensation (OED). Secondly, the word Christology, as defined by the Oxford English Dictionary, is that part of theology which relates to Christ; a doctrine or theory concerning Christ (OED). With these definitions, it is easy to ascertain the fact that this scholarly text will not be a simple summary and commentary of the gospel of John's accounts of Jesus, but will be a comprehensive analysis and interpretation of the many facets entwined within the gospel's structure. As a result of the six page restraint placed upon this dissertation, the text will mainly focus upon the issues of authorship surrounding John's gospel, as well as providing a special focus on the Christological/Theological differences evident between John's Gospel and the three synoptic gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke. This text will take into consideration and incorporate details concerning the context (time/place of composition) of John's Gospel, possible sources contributed in the Gospel's construction, and unique literary features that enable the reader's a better understanding of the Gospel's literary style and technique."

Tags:authorship, bible, chistology, christ, gospel, jesus, johannine, john, luke, mark, matthew, synoptic

Abstract
The paper relates that although he played a crucial role in the division of the Thirteen American Colonies from the British Empire, John Hancock is not granted the same historical prominence as many of the other Founding Fathers. The paper notes that he is best remembered for his famous and giant signature on the Declaration of Independence (Eddlem, 2003). The paper discusses how the contributions of figures such as George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, and even the Adams family are well known and well documented, however, John Hancock's pivotal place in the events leading up to the American Revolution and its aftermath are less clearly understood. The paper asserts that despite this gap between the historical evidence and the public's knowledge, it is evident that John Hancock's political and social leadership made him a significant figure in the tumultuous events surrounding the birth of the American nation. the paper believes that without his involvement, the development of that nation would have had to take a much different path-if it could have succeeded at all.

From the Paper
"Though he played a crucial role in the division of the Thirteen American Colonies from the British Empire, John Hancock is not granted the same historical prominence as many of the other Founding Fathers. He is best remembered for his famous and giant signature on the Declaration of Independence (Eddlem, 2003). The contributions of figures such as George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, and even the Adams family are well known and well documented. However, John Hancock's pivotal place in the events leading up to the American Revolution and its aftermath are less clearly understood. Despite this gap between the historical evidence and the..."

Tags:john, hancock, history

Abstract
The writer presents a general overview of St. John's Wort. The writer looks at the effectiveness of the use of this herbal supplement. The paper studies the dosage and side effects of using St. John's Wort. In this article, the writer discusses the use of herbal supplements. The writer points to research indicating that the use of St. John's Wort in order to fight depression has not been validated.

From the Paper
"One of every three American adults regularly uses herbal supplements including both St. John's Wort and saw palmetto, the two most popular supplements in use today. St. John's Wort, just a few short years ago, was little more than an obscure weed growing wild in North America. Today, as Schardt has commented, St. John's Wort is one of the most common and popular 'feel-good' herbal supplements. Millions of people take it as a natural way of fighting depression. However as this brief ... "

Tags:medicine, St. John's Wort, depression

Abstract
This paper examines former Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, John Marshall. The paper discusses Marshall's many career accomplishments, including army officer, lawyer, delegate, foreign minister, congressman and Secretary of State. The paper also details Marshall's appointment to the Supreme Court bench by President John Adams and his many watershed rulings, such as "Marbury vs. Madison", "McCulloch vs. Maryland" and "Dartmouth College vs. Woodward". The paper then investigates Marshall's contributions to federalism and the opposition he encountered from U.S. Presidents Thomas Jefferson and Andrew Jackson. The paper concludes that Marshall was truly one of the nation's founding fathers, with wide-reaching, long-lasting influence on American political life.

From the Paper
"Born the son of Thomas Marshall, a successful planter in the newly formed frontier county of Fauquier, John Marshall received a limited education. His formal education consisted of a year spent at the school of Reverend Archibold Campbell and as a student under a Scottish tutor. He read the works of Horace and Livy, as well as the traditional classics. During the outbreak of the war for independence, Marshall served many different posts. In this time period of his life, he gained the gentlemanly qualities necessary for a career politician. Near the end of the war, Marshall continued his education at William and Mary where he studied law briefly. He was granted a law license in 1780. From this point on, Marshall embarked on a storied political career. His ambition and loyalty eventually carried him to the top of the judicial branch of government."

Tags:john, adams, marbury, v., madison, thomas, jefferson, federalism, federalist, founding, father

Abstract
This paper explores a little bit of the history of John and Abigail Adams, how John Adams rose to power as President of the United States through his political career, and how Abigail Adams stayed home and sent her support and love through a series of love letters to her husband.

From the Paper
"The world during the Revolutionary War was a very scary and emotional time for the colonists, and especially for those who were involved with the politics of freeing America from England's rule. John and Abigail Adams was one couple that was very involved with the politics of the colonies. Through their love and mutual support for each other, John and Abigail Adams were able to cope with the Revolutionary War and welcome the birth of a new nation."

Tags:abigail, adams, american, colonies, family, john, letters, love, papers, president, quincy, revolution, revolutionary, war

Abstract
A discussion of the life and work of economist, John Kenneth Galbraith. John Kenneth Galbraith was a Professor of Economics Emeritus at Harvard University. He was internationally known for his development of Keynesian and post-Keynesian economics, the economics of the modem large firm, as well as for his writing and his active involvement in American politics

Tags:biography, john, galbraith

Abstract
This paper looks at the Iconoclastic Controversy. The author talks about John of Damascus' defense of icons at a time when there was debate about whether icons should be used in worship or if they were idolatrous. The essay lists several of John's points and looks at both the positive and negative aspects of each point.

From the Paper
"It seems that art is such a natural part of everyday life. It would be difficult to picture a world where art was not involved. From the flower pots outside on the window sill to the mounted picture in the living room, art pervades every aspect of our lives. It is difficult to imagine that there was a controversy over whether such type pf media should be allowed in a Church setting. The word icon usually describes "those religious pictures-mainly portable wood panel paintings-which have a prominent place in the life and worship of the Eastern Orthodox Churches" (Baggley, 1). The Iconoclasm controversy dealt with the debate over whether painted images of the Divine Christ were valid or idolatrous. Popular culture felt that the icon was a necessary part of their worship because it gave them a sense of understanding. It gave the worshipper a visual image of what he/she was praying to and so, made the person feel that his/her prayers were not futile and wasted. However, it was these exact beliefs that sparked the controversy, but also led to the writings in defence of the images. John of Damascus was one of the greatest Christian defenders of the iconodule position (Sch?nobon, 192)."

Tags:christianity, eastern, icons, john, worship

Abstract
This paper addresses issues of audience appeal and historical considerations in the Gospel of John. It discusses in detail the events of the first two chapters, and how these are meant to draw a certain type of audience to the new philosophy of Christianity. It also theorizes on how John's audience would look if he had been writing for contemporary readers.

Tags:THEOLOGY AND RELIGION STUDIES / BIBLICAL STUDIES, literary gospel john