Abstract This paper reviews and discusses President John F. Kennedy's support for the Apollo space program. According to the paper, his interest was not so much focused on space exploration itself, but rather on the political ends to be gained from the success of such a publicly popular endeavor.
Outline:
Political Motivations
After the Decision: Financial and Scheduling Issues
Project Mercury
Project Gemini
Speculation: What if Kennedy had lived?
From the Paper "On this issue, Kennedy and Webb experienced a serious disagreement during the meeting. Webb, as mentioned above, was concerned about the technical and scientific necessity of key programs at NASA for the success of the Apollo mission. Programs such as the Centaur upper stage and the Surveyor would for example be neglected if Apollo received priority attention above all else. Webb's second concern was his own negotiating position in the face of a clear statement from the president regarding the priority of Apollo. If the president were to clearly state the priority of Apollo above other programs, Webb feared that this might be to the detriment of his position (Garber, 2002)."
"Specifically, the key programs mentioned above were not formally part of the Apollo program. Webb nonetheless believed that their timely completion was crucial to the success of Apollo. Centaur for example was created with the purpose of robotic probes into space, its relevance to the Apollo program lay in its use of liquid hydrogen for a propulsion fuel. Webb felt that the knowledge gained from the use of this fuel was vital to the Apollo program. According to Garber (2002), this was an accurate assessment, as benefits were indeed gained from observing Centaur's use of these fuels."
Abstract This paper discusses why the American space program was worth the cost. It presents a retrospective history of the program with regards to its impact on the U.S. economy and way of life. It shows how the 1969 trip to the moon allowed many new technologies, which would normally take decades of development to be refined in the private sector, to crystallize in mere years. Technologies like cell phones, TV, the Internet, and many others got their start during the American 'space race'.
From the Paper "Besides its obvious benefits to the technology sector, when a project of the space program's magnitude is attempted, there are inherent benefits to the entire economy. The Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo programs cost the government approximately 25 billions dollars in 1960's money. It terms of the 60's GDP, or Gross Domestic Product, the space program gave the US economy an additional yearly growth rate of 2.6%, from 1959-1970. In a good year of growth, the US economy will grow from 3 to 5%. That means that because of the Apollo program alone, the GDP growth rate was nearly twice what it would have been without the governments influx of cash. Aside from the money that was pumped into the economy, thousand of jobs were created to build all of the millions of parts that were used during the decade of the space program."
Abstract In this paper, the writer examines President John F. Kennedy's decision-making during the Cuban missile crisis of 1962. The writer provides a background of the crisis. In the article, the writer discusses dealings between Kennedy and Soviet leader, Khrushchev. The writer also covers the outcome of the crisis.
From the Paper "The Cuban Missile Crisis occurred in October when the Soviet Union under the leadership of Premier Nikita Khrushchev began placing offensive ballistic missiles in Cuba, just miles off the U. S. coast. Traditionally, historians have contended that Khrushchev began placing the missiles in Cuba from a position of strength, intended to defy a weak foe, President John F. Kennedy. They emphasized the apparent resolve Kennedy showed in dealing with Khrushchev, essentially portraying Kennedy as a man who finally became presidential during ... "
Abstract This paper analyzes the Apollo Group, a for-profit education company with programs for adults, with its primary outlet being the University of Phoenix system. According to this analysis, this University has more than 200,000 students at some 100 learning centers and 50 campuses (including an online campus). This paper answers questions regarding the performance and financial structure of this company.
From the Paper "The Apollo Group is a for-profit education company with programs for adults, and its primary outlet is the University of Phoenix system, with more than 200,000 students at some 100 learning centers and 50 campuses (including an online campus). This is the largest private university in the United States, offering both undergraduate and graduate degrees in business, education, nursing, and information technology (Apollo Group, Inc., 2005, para. 1). Ratios have meaning only when compared to various standards, such as the norms/benchmarks for the industry, performance over time, prospects for the future, and the expectations of significant stakeholders. In the case of the Apollo Group, the company should be able to achieve stability with only moderate growth in earnings or a higher valuation by the market. For a strong company, the price/cash flow ratio should not be dramatically higher than the stock's forward price/earnings ratio."
Abstract This paper examines the policies of America's 35th president, JohnKennedy. The author discusses Kennedy's stand on civil rights, and the Cuban Missile Crisis, as well as the Peace Corps. The paper concludes with the fateful day in Dallas that ended the young president's life.
From the Paper "President John F. Kennedy, also known as, J.F.K, was the 35th president of the United States. In 1960 Kennedy ran a well financed, highly organized and Democratic campaign. Kennedy decided his running partner would be Lyndon Johnson, because Kennedy realized that he needed the votes of people in the south to win the election, therefore having Johnson as his partner would do him good. Throughout the campaign, Kennedy promised the United States many things, which he was trying to fulfill. He promised them: tougher defense, progressive health care, housing, and civil rights programs, and that he would bring that nation out of its economic slump. For the first time ever there were debates between candidates."
Tags:kennedy, bay, pigs, castro, cuban, missile, civil, rights, lyndon, johnson, oswald, president, catholic, peace, corps
This paper compares Presidents JohnKennedy and Lyndon Johnson: Personalities, attitudes, backgrounds and styles and their impact on the Congress, Vietnam and domestic issues.
2,475 words (approx. 9.9 pages), 4 sources, 1991, $ 87.95
From the Paper "This study will provide a comparative analysis of two U.S. Presidents, John Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson, concentrating on the differences in their personalities and the impact that those differences had on their actions as President.
... there was indeed a great difference in the ways that the two men approached the office of the Presidency of the United States. ... Johnson "sets much store by instinct. No wonder, then, that it would be to his instincts . . . that he would often turn in the White House. This reliance on instinct enabled Johnson to put on the Presidency like a suit of comfortable old clothes. John Kennedy, on the other hand, came to it with a historical, nearly theoretical view of what was ... "
Abstract This three-page undergraduate paper identifies and examines the recurring pattern in JohnKennedy Toole's novel, A Confederacy of Dunces, and analyzes how it contributes to the importance of the piece.
Abstract This paper discusses the origins of the Apollo-Dionysus duality and discusses its use by the philospher Nietzsche and the psyhologist Jung. The paper explains that the Apollo-Dionysus duality offers a way to gain insight into human nature.
From the Paper "This paper discusses the origins of the Apollo-Dionysus duality and its elaboration by thinkers throughout history. First this paper discusses the meanings bestowed upon Apollo and Dionysus by Greek history and culture. Then the paper discusses Nietzsche's discussion of this dualityand examples of poetry which demonstrate this opposition. Finally the paper discusses the analytic psychologist Carl Jung's theories of the conscious and unconscious which implicitly use this duality to understand the psyche."
Tags:Apollo, Dionysus, Nietzsche, Carl Jung, human nature
Abstract This paper explains that the Greek god Apollo represents archery, music and the sun. The author points out that, by being raised on the island of Delos, he was trained by Themis to develop god-like skills away from other Olympian gods and the lower mortals of Earth. The paper relates that, by being the son of Zeus and Leto, Apollo had the powers of both a Titan and Olympian, making him unusually powerful within the pantheon of Greek Gods.
Abstract The paper presents case studies on recent problems at each of these organizations: Ford Motors, Cisco Systems and Apollo Hospital. The author clarifies the situation. The paper includes an executive summary, analysis and recommendations.
From the Paper "Cisco Systems implemented an Oracle ERP system when it made the decision that its existing legacy software program was not reliable enough to handle existing operations and not sophisticated enough to allow Cisco to continue to expand and when management determined that every effort to fix the existing system was in effect putting one bandage on top of another. Ultimately the cost of the project exceeded ... million. The scope of the product expanded dramatically. The implementation team grew to more than ... people."
This paper reviews and examines author Ronald Steel's questionable portrayal of Robert Kennedy in his book "In Love With The Night: The American Romance With Robert Kennedy."
Abstract This paper explores author Ronald Steel's flawed method of razing the myths of Robert Kennedy. This paper proves that while Steel's interpretations are at times plausible, at others they are completely contrived and argues that the author's depiction of Kennedy is flat, one-dimensional and sorely lacking in facts. This paper also contains a brief history of Robert Kennedy's political career.
From the Paper "Steel reports that Robert's stand on the Vietnam war was not so different from Nixon's own position, but Robert admitted that he had been mistaken about Vietnam. There are no known reports that Nixon ever admitting that he was wrong about Vietnam. Steel could have taken a closer look at how Johnson and John Kennedy parted on the issues of Vietnam. He may have found that Johnson did state a greater doubt than had been known about the stability and rectitude of his policy, and while John Kennedy called the war immoral, he did not call an outright end to the war."
Tags: biography, kennedy, cuba, fidel, castro, jimmy, hoffa, politics, political
Abstract This paper discusses John von Neumann's contributions to the fields of quantum physics, functional analysis, set theory, economics, computer science, numerical analysis, hydrodynamics, statistics and other mathematical fields. The paper also discusses his contribution to the creation of the hydrogen bomb. It goes on to describe some of his most influential achievements.
From the Paper "John Von Neumann inarguably contributed a wealth of knowledge to the development of computers, and without his contributions the face of technology today would be primitively underdeveloped. However, Neumann may have canceled out the "good" he did in an act of self-fulfilling equivalent exchange with his work in the realms of math and science with the contributions he made to warfare and massive weaponry. The name Von Neumann is associated as much with the Atomic Bomb as it is with computer programs (Wilson), and Neumann may have had even more devastating projects on the horizon at the time of his unexpected death from cancer. During the Second World War, von Neumann worked as a consulted to both armed forces and civilian agencies that were involved in wartime projects. Neumann's genius was in high demand, and he was able to design an implosion method for bringing nuclear fuel to explosion, as well as playing an integral part in the development of the hydrogen bomb. (Cabrera) According to one of Neumann's biographers, "It has been stated that von Neumann's electronic computer hastened the hydrogen bomb explosion on November 1, 1952." (Bochner)"
Abstract The authorship of the 'Gospel of John' has been debated over the centuries, and no one is entirely certain of who wrote it to this day. There is evidence to support various claims of authorship, and this paper argues the case for New Testament figure John the Baptist, cousin of Jesus, as the book's author. Support for this theory comes from a number of sources, including textual evidence in the 'Gospels'. The considerations of the Baptist's identity and background must be considered in this discussion, as well, as 'The Gospel of John' was written in a very different style from the other gospels, which may be reflective of John the Baptist's unique and radically different personality and overall personal style. John the Baptist was Jesus' cousin, son of Elizabeth who was Mary's cousin, and was only 6 months older than Jesus.
Abstract The paper begins by exploring John Locke's biography as means of providing a better understanding of why he developed the philosophies that he did. It continues by presenting his philosophies, views on government, obligation of revolution, state of nature, and man's reason for establishing government. Lastly, the paper discusses the influence of John Locke's philosophy on modern North America. Specific examples are drawn out from Canadian and American constitutional documents to show the impact that John Locke has had on North America.
From the Paper "As long as people have been able to think and reason, all sorts of different ideas, philosophies, theories and arguments have circulated in society. Some have been good and many have been bad and useless. The good ones have remained known and respected in societies throughout generations and have unsurprisingly impacted the way people live and think. The theories of one particular philosopher by the name of John Locke have had an everlasting impact on modern day North American politics and government. This will be proven through the analysis of John Locke's biography, his political theories, and the influence of his philosophy on the nature of the rule of government in the U.S and Canada."
