Abstract This paper paper projects how the Jesuit Martyrs might have responded to the horrific events of September 11th. Would they have responded in the same truth-telling ways they responded to their own crisis in El Salvador. It appears the Jesuits would not seek to change the social or political order, but they would choose to change the hearts of those who were the oppressors.
From the Paper "Following the tragic events of September 11th America was faced with an important decision. How can the United States affect change; through an understanding of love and compassion for the enemy or through self-directed, self-serving solutions? America had the opportunity and power to create great change by resisting evil and making an effort to reshape relations between the Western world and the Middle East. In many ways the future peace of the Middle East was at the mercy of U.S. officials and politicians."
Tags: 11th, 2001, attacks, christian, conflict, east, ellacuria, evil, hegemony, ignacio, jesuit, martyrs, middle, muslim, non, resistance, salvador, september, states, terrorist, united, violence, world
Abstract This paper uses historiography to examine the roles of the Jesuits in New France and their role in European expansion into the New World. It discusses various explanations of the transformation of Jesuit missionary activity to provide for the religious needs of French explorers and settlers. The author also examines the conversion of Native Americans.
Tags:Jesuits, colonialism, New France, missionaries
A critical analysis of George MacLeod's description of the crucifixion of Jesus in "Landmarking: City, Church, & Jesuit Urban Strategy" by Thomas Lucas.
Abstract This paper analyzes George MacLeod's view of the crucifixion of Jesus, as seen in "Landmarking: City, Church, & Jesuit Urban Strategy" by Thomas Lucas. It describes his views of view of the city, the church and of Christians of the time. The paper then discusses in what ways MacLeod's argument could be defended or confirmed and to what extent his statement could be refuted or reformulated. Finally, the paper discusses the Jesuit inclinations or motivations toward mission that are echoed in MacLeod's statement.
From the Paper "Macleod relates beautifully that Jesus died among those whose lives, both physical and spiritual that he had made his business while upon the earth. Macleod with just a few words assists the reader in understanding that among all the negative factors described by MacLeod, that something precious to Jesus was to be found in the city where he died and that Jesus had found good and beauty within the city among the harlots, murderers and thieves no matter the appearance. Macleod vividly provides a description to drive home his point about the field of mission and where the responsibility of the individual who follows the path of Jesus lay."
Abstract This paper will examine the role of the Jesuits in American Catholic history. In a nation that is predominantly Protestant, the basis of much of the Jesuit activity has been in serving the immigrant Catholic communities from Ireland, Germany and Latin America. As will be seen, the Society of Jesus in the United States has reflected the metamorphic tendencies of the Jesuit order in general. However, in the late twentieth century American Jesuits began a process of disengagement or "dialogue" with the global Church and papal authority in general. The final outcome of this "dialogue" remains to be seen.
This paper discusses in what ways the success of the system of education developed by the Society of Jesus was due to innovations and in what ways due to its re-use of elements from traditional education.
Abstract In this article, the writer discusses the views that Jesuit education was part of an evolutionary educational movement in Europe and merely re- used already established educational practices, and the view that Jesuit educational practices were truly innovative and so made the Society appealing, popular, and made young men want to study at their schools. Also other general factors such as the changing nature of the society at the time are looked into along with the general growth of education among both Catholic and Protestant schools during this period and the keen interest among some educational writers of reforming the education system. The writer concludes that the main reason for the success of the Jesuit educational practices is that the Jesuit system of education was the first truly ordered, disciplined and highly organised educational system that the early modern world had come into contact with and that it was designed in such a way as to be responsive to the emerging needs of early modern European societies.
From the Paper "Town councils in Europe during the 16th century realised that it was very expensive to run a school if it was run by lay people because such people needed a salary of some substance baring in mind that often these people had families that they needed to support. Members of religious orders did not however have families to support baring in mind that their members were often chaste, especially in the case of the Jesuits whose whole mantra stipulated that once you became of a member of the society you were to give up all family ties and relations that you had and that your new family would be the order itself. This directly appealed to many city councils in Europe and resulted in the popularity of Jesuit schools as a whole.
"To answer the question of whether the Jesuit educational system's success was a result of innovation or was a result of the re-use of already established educational practices, one must look at the Ratio Studiorum, which was the Jesuits educational handbook."
This paper focuses on the personal attributes and character traits of the writer that will enhance and compliment the primary goals, religious traditions and mission of the university she hopes to attend.
Abstract The writer of this paper examines the goals and traditions surrounding a Jesuit Catholic university. This paper delves into the background of the writer of this paper who previously attended an all-girls Catholic high-school. The writer contends and explains why she considers the Jesuit Catholic faith as being effective in its search for truth and human progress while encouraging followers of the faith to contribute of themselves particularly as it pertains to furthering one's education. The writer discusses her personality and character and how both will aid her in realizing her full potential in this particular university. The writer goes on to state and explain that by acquiring training and education in the Jesuit Catholic tradition she will be able to contribute to the betterment of her community as well as to the world at large.
From the Paper "One feature of globalization which cannot be denied is in relation to our increased consciousness of the whole world and how closely we all are inter-linked. The University distinguishes itself as a uniquely diverse learning community which is socially responsible and also possesses high quality scholarship which is rigorous and which is tied with a dedication to the world community. With regard to this aspect, I can contribute to the University in a tremendous manner as I have a global state of mind which accepts cultural diversity. I have an understanding that the various individuals and societies prevalent in different parts of the world are interrelated and that they are interdependent and I also possess the requisite knowledge and sensitivity to aspects of diversity and the world-wide view of issues and problems. Being an international student who has been staying in the U.S for last four years, I have had the experience to know about the divergent cultural identities from very close quarters."
Abstract This paper reviews how the missionaries spread the faith of the Jesuits is important in understanding the culture and the people of Japan. It discusses the Society of Jesus or the Jesuits and how they spread Christianity in Japan during the 16th and 17th centuries. The paper further discusses how the Jesuit's missionary efforts were successful due to the methods of approach they had, their willingness to adapt to native traditions, and political instability in Japan.
Abstract This essay examines the way in which a five-hundred-year-old tradition, established by Ignatius Loyola, can still remain relevant to modern day spirituality, despite age, religious affiliation, or culture. It outlines Loyola's biography and how he came to be the Jesuit founder and to develop the "Spiritual Exercises", which have become a core aspect of Jesuit spirituality worldwide. Included, necessarily, in an explanation of the "Spiritual Exercises"are Loyola's own views on God, religion, and spirituality, and his understanding of how to know and follow the Will of God. The crux of the essay is the argument that Loyola's spirituality is still relevant in today's times due to its far-reaching and practical essence.
From the Paper "Although having lived and died over five hundred years ago, the spiritual writings of Ignatius of Loyola have come to both directly and indirectly influence the way Christians live and view their religion today. The direct influence of Ignatius is demonstrated by the sustained existence of the Jesuit order, founded by Ignatius, who continue to maintain his Spiritual Exercises as an integral part of their spirituality. However, it is not necessary to be a member of the Jesuit order to practice Ignatian Spirituality as the Spiritual Exercises, which focus on the discovery of God's Will in relation to our lives as Christians, transcend culture and time, providing a practical contribution to Christians everywhere today."
Abstract This paper examines the tragic film, "The Mission". It provides a synopsis of the movie, which occurs in colonial South America under the rule of Spain and Portugal. The paper describes an era when Jesuit priests traveled form Europe to South America to start Catholic missions.
From the Paper "'The Mission' is a tragic movie that evokes many emotions in its viewers. The events of the movie occur during a period when the Spanish and Portuguese had created a treaty over land in South America. The stories of the South American missions and the Guarani people are told in the movie. The events of the movie occur during the colonial period, a time Jesuit priests traveled form Europe to South America to start missions. The Jesuits? goal was to convert the native Indians from their tribal beliefs to the Catholic traditions. The missions were very successful and flourished. The reason the missions were successful is because the Guarani Indians fled from the jungle to the missions for protection from slave hunters. One particular slave hunter was Rodrigo Mendoza. This movie gave a detailed overview of the life of Rodrigo because he symbolized a cycle of transformation. This transformation was from a slaver hunter to kind Jesuit Priest. The slave hunter Rodrigo undergoes a transformation from the barbaric ways of a slave trader to the peaceful life of a Jesuit priest".
Tags: america, deniero, indians, mission, religion, slaves, south, spain, portugal
From the Paper "This research will examine the Jesuit educational philosophy and mission and ways in which they are or can be integrated into the everyday world. The plan of the research will be to set forth the Jesuit educational philosophy and mission in general terms and then to discuss the pattern of ideas informing them as well as the practical means by which they are or may be identified, integrated, and applied in the structure of education.
To discuss the Jesuit educational philosophy and mission is very much to discuss Catholic education and moral philosophy more generally. However, there is a specific history attached to Jesuit education, inasmuch as its traditions emanate from the origins of the Society of Jesus in the 16th century. The founder of the Society, Ignatius Loyola, initially established Jesuit schools as seminaries, for the training of the Order's..."
Abstract This paper shows how Ignatius Loyola undergoes a transformation from a youth concerned with the world to a very devout Catholic. It talks about how he started the Jesuits, his beliefs, his significant life events, and his death.
From the Paper "After he had recovered, Ignatius Loyola left his castle in March of 1522 and decided to go to Jerusalem to live in the same place that Jesus had lived his life on earth, thus signifying his new devotion to Christ.6 Before departing, he entered the Shrine of Our Lady of Montserrat, where he gave up his arms, knelt for the duration of the night, and made a confession of all his sins, the official turning point from his worldliness to godliness. Upon completion of this, he gave all of his richly decorated clothing to a beggar, exchanging them for rough clothes and sandals so to be more like his role model Christ.7"
Abstract The Jesuit Volunteer Corps or "JVC" is a volunteer corps, designed around a four principled concept in an effort to assist those troubled by life's twists and turns. The paper covers the workings of this Christian charity organization. It also contains an interview with a member of the organization.
From the Paper "Spirituality is the tie to the religious portions and beliefs of the JVC. By having the volunteers work closely with local churches it allows them to spread God's word on a first-hand basis with those who are in need. By providing their respective communities with opportunities for religious retreats and getaways fosters a spirit and a sense of togetherness in each community. "Ignatian spirituality is an apostolic spirituality, one of service to the Church and to the world."(Jesuit Volunteer Corps [JVC], 2005)"
Abstract A paper which looks at the life of Karl Rahner (1904-1984), German theologist and Roman Catholic Philosopher. The paper discusses some of his views, philosophies and works such as the founding of the journal "Concilium". It also examines the philosophies of several of those who influenced his life such as St Thomas Aquinas and Immanuel Kant.
From the Paper "By utilising his theories and philosophies of Kant, Augustine and Aquinas Rahner has given a fundamental approach to religion that allows for him to bring forth the beliefs of non Christian religions into a traditional progressive attitude of theological studies for those to understand the grace of God.
"Rahner is one of those members of the church whose free thinking ideals and works has enable the Catholic church to move forward out of the dark ages."
Tags: categorical, imperative, Causality, Jesuit, Spirit, of, the, World
A paper which compares the characters of Stephen Daedalus in James Joyce's "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man" and Andrea del Sarto in the poem of the same name by Robert Browning.
Abstract The paper shows that for both Stephen Dedalus in James Joyce's novel "A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man" and Andrea del Sarto in the poem of the same name by Robert Browning, art is a means of self-expression and achieved when the artist satisfies himself. It discusses how art comes from within and satisfies an inner craving - others may enjoy what is produced, but it is essential that the artist does. The paper shows that for both characters, their medium is how they relate to the world, how they understand the world, and how they shape the world, and all this constitutes a definition of art.
From the Paper "For Andrea del Sarto as for Stephen Dedalus, many of the things of this world stand in the way of the artist, whether that be the need for money, frustration with religion, political realities, interpersonal relationships, or similar concerns. Both artists are also faced with the reality of learning to master their media. Even then, as with Andrea del Sarto, this may not be enough if that spark that sets the artist apart is not present or is not as effective as for some other artist. Art for both is also a rivalry with other artists, and that in itself is both a spur and in some ways a barrier preventing the complete freeing of the inner artist."
From the Paper "St. Ignatius of Loyola founded the Jesuits in 1534 with the goal of spreading the word of the Catholic Church by preaching, teaching or doing whatever else was deemed necessary for the conversion of the heathens. Foiled in the desire to wage war in the Holy Land because of the current war with the Ottoman Empire, the group became the apostles of the Counter Reformation, establishing hundreds of schools and colleges throughout Europe, as well as missions throughout the world. Because of the dedication to the papacy, the group was often reviled, and in 1773, Pope Clement XIV issued a brief suppressing the order, which was overturned in 1814 by Pope Pius VII. One must be careful to avoid the implication that the ..."
