Abstract This paper presents a tourists' guide around the west coast of Africa. It focuses on Marrakech, Morocco and the Atlas Mountains, follows the path to Toubkal through the villages on the way and then looks at Lake Nyos and Kribi, Cameroon. The paper ends in a hotel in Kribi, Cameroon with a summary of all the sights that the tourists would have seen over the past week.
Table of Contents:
Location: Marrakech, Morocco, Africa
Location: Path to Toubkal
Location: Lake Nyos
Location: Kribi, Cameroon
Location: Hotel in Kribi, Cameroon
From the Paper "Mount Cameroon and the range of mountains that include Mount Oku and Lake Nyos was created by lava flows. The smoothness of the mountains in Cameroon and the many cinder cones, like the one that holds Lake Nyos, make it easy to see the differences between the two mountain ranges. The main differences are due to the Cameroon line being on a geologic fault or rift zone and the Atlas Mountains being at the junction of two plates."
"Finally, we discovered the escarpments of the south Cameroon Plateau that ended at Kribi Beach. The sloping terrain and gently rolling hills we saw while flying to Kribi became the deep gullies toward the Cameroon coastal plain. When the Lobe River rushes over one of these drop offs, the waterfalls and rapids created are just amazing to see."
This paper compares the articles "Mediating India" by Deborah Bhattacharyya, "The Tourist Gaze 'Revisited'" by John Urry and "Tourist Agency" by MacCannell.
Abstract The paper discusses Bhattacharyya's belief that the "Lonely Planet" guidebook shapes how westerners see India and how they interact with their Indian hosts. The paper explains how she posits that the text reflects western biases and that tourists tend to interact with Indians through the distorting lens of their own cultural paradigms. The paper then looks at John Urry's idea that the "tourist gaze" is sub-consciously shaped by the tourist books and examines MacCannell's partly similar beliefs.
From the Paper "At the core of her paper, Bhattacharyya appears to be insisting that tourists books - like the western travelers they inform - reduce the Orient to something akin to spectacle and that they "leave out" things which might seem mundane or insignificant to western eyes (387). For his part, John Urry does not seem to dispute this. Particularly, he writes that the "tourist gaze" is sub-consciously shaped by the tourist books that provide so much of his or her information; he also writes that western society is notably "ocular-centric" and that it places special emphasis upon what is seen rather than what is heard or smelled or even touched (Urry, 174-178)."
Abstract This essay discusses Japan, in terms of culture, as well as attractions. It explores possible reasons for tourists being reluctant to visit Japan. The paper then offers unique ideas on how Japan could market tourism to other areas of the world, in order to encourage tourists to visit.
From the Paper "Despite Japan's facade of modernity, from its city skylines and "Bullet Trains" to its millions of people who seem to have high-tech cell phones glued to their ears, traditional Japan still exists in a huge network of inns and restaurants, and in arts, crafts and customs that have not changed in over a thousand years. The deceptive thing about Tokyo is that it seems surprisingly Western on the surface with Western looking buildings, McDonald's franchises and kids listening to rap music. It seems like you might as well be in Los Angeles. Yet you don't need to dig very deep to discover the Japanese soul beneath the Western facade. One of the most appealing aspects of travelling in Japan is the richness of culture that can be encountered. Advertisement should grasp that despite Japan's apparent Western aspirations, it is uniquely Japanese. "
Abstract The paper discusses that the term 'Indian giver' has come to be a synonym for someone who gives something, only to take it back. The paper further explains that it was the Indians who were forced to give to the Europeans--their knowledge about farming and fishing in the Americas and ultimately their land. The paper discusses that in Jack Weatherford's book, "Indian Givers: How the Indians of the Americas Transformed the World," the exchange between Europeans and Native Americans was an unequal one, with Europeans taking of the positive benefits of the New World, while the Indians were doing all of the giving. The paper concludes that unwittingly, the Indians found themselves the recipient of the evils of European civilization, like slavery, and a disrespectful attitude to the land.
From the Paper "According to Weatherford, the early post-Columbian contact of the Europeans with the native populace actually enabled the Industrial Revolution to change Europe, and ultimately the world. "Had Europe and America not come together through Columbus or some other connection, the industrial revolution would never have happened in the way we know it," because Europeans would never have gained access to the metals of the New World, or to Indian mines (Weatherford 57). This contact also generated the money economy of Europe and fueled a shift to a European economy based upon real, hard, convertible currency. Metal-based currency also was critical in fueling industrialism and world trade. By beginning the book with tales of South American encounters with Europe, which were particularly brutal and unequal from the beginning of the Indian-European relationship, Weatherford initiates a tragic tone, explaining how enslaved South American Indians mining gold and silver in Potosi supplied the precious metals for most of the European coins that generated wealth for the Old World at the expense of the liberty of the New World."
Abstract This paper addresses the benefits of guided reading in grades K-3. It also compares guided reading direct instruction methods. It explains that there are necessary basics involved in encouraging a successful guided reading lesson and then examines these basics.
From the Paper "I visited my elementary school a few weeks ago. Winfield Street Elementary School in Corning, N.Y., was where I was educated from kindergarten until fifth grade. Remembering back, each classroom always had a very traditional setup. The desks were always in rows and the teacher's desk in the front. Students were considered "empty containers" that were filled with facts and rules through lecture and discussion. The students had little choice in the direction of their learning. As I walked through the hallways of my elementary school and peeked into different classroom doorways, I saw the same setup. Sadly, some teachers believed that direct teacher instruction was still better than any other type of instruction. I do not know how or why teachers can feet that students gained from this type of instruction. Recently, in many schools, a new reading technique is being used. This new technique is guided reading and it requires teachers to have a more focused approach on reading instruction. "
This paper reviews and examines Donald Hughes' book "North American Indian Ecology" which focuses on a wide range of ecological and environmental issues faced by Native American Indians in the 20th century.
Abstract This paper explores and details North American Indian life and culture as portrayed in Donald Hughes' book "North American Indian Ecology." This paper discusses the land issues facing the North American Indian tribes including overgrazing, erosion and assessments of appropriate land usage. The writer of this paper finds Hughes' book to be straightforward and concise in clarifying the characteristics of Indian life such as hunting, food growing and rituals.
From the Paper "Tribes are having to mediate the disparate demands of their members and the industrial mindset of the BIA to balance forest use for economic need and preservation for cultural need. Tribes face many of the same problems as non-Native communities held hostage by the timber industry. Replanting has not always kept pace with harvesting on public or trust lands. The push to harvest old-growth timber is constrained by federal mandates to protect endangered species habitats, putting people out of work. Few local communities gain the "value-added" benefits of processing their own timber especially jobs and new businesses and when they do the environmental impact of mill sites has to be factored into any cost-benefit analysis."
Abstract This paper provides a case analysis of "TV Guide"'s marketing strategy, which emphasizes age targeting. The paper examines the Guide's success in targeting both the baby boomer generation and the 34-and-under segment.
From the Paper "The greatest strategic marketing issue for TV Guide is targeting its market by age groups. According to 'TV Guide''s demographics, its readers are divided almost evenly between men and women and its readership increases with ..."
Tags: TV Guide, case analysis, marketing, baby boomers, targeting, age
Abstract This paper offers a situation analysis of "TV Guide", including a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threads) assessment. The paper also discusses the history and background of the magazine and the development of its interactive, online version. The paper concludes by examining "TV Guide"'s basic market need and its two primary markets.
Abstract This paper addresses the changes in American Indian warfare during the period of western settlement in the 19th century. It gives a summary of Plains Indian culture and reasons for conflict, and details conflicts between settlers and American Indian tribes. The paper's thesis, borne out in historical research, is that the introduction of horses and firearms made conflicts between US relocation forces and unwilling Indian tribesmen bloodier than necessary on both sides. The author does not take sides on the Native American sovereignty issue.
Abstract The paper explains that Jack Weatherford began to examine the history of the Native American as he discovered that many agricultural products would not have been produced in farming without the knowledge that Indians gave those in the new world. The paper describes how Weatherford further stipulates that it is through these advances in agriculture that the United States has remained a strong contender in the global market ,and that without the influences of the Native Americans on the early settlers those new to America would not have survived. The paper analyzes how, through his work, "Indian Givers: How Indians of the Americas Transformed the World", Volume I, Weatherford brings an insight to a people that most individuals have been negligent in understanding. The paper concludes that it is Weatherford's purpose to demonstrate that Native Americans have been a misrepresented and forgotten people when the history of North America is discussed.
Abstract This paper presents a brief history of the Native Americans of California, focusing on their struggles with colonizing Europeans and their eventual loss of land and civil rights. The paper traces the history of Native Americans in the US back to their arrival in North America from Asia. Next the author describes their settlement and cultures in North America, and California specifically. The paper highlights the arrival of Europeans to Californian, describing the Native American's subsequent loss of loss of land, culture and autonomy. Special attention is paid to the effects of reservations on the Native American population.
Outline:
California Indians Population Decline of California Indian Figure-1: Native California [Census 2000]
Figure-2: Native California Population [Census 2000]
Indian Plight since Columbian Period
Paper includes maps and charts.
From the Paper "This exploitation continued well into the twentieth century and displacement of Native Indian from reserves continued with little or no compensation until the early twentieth century. The enlightened society of the twentieth century began to apply the laws which have been on the statutes for centuries to all Americans. Discrimination on the grounds of race, color, religion and sex can not be legally justified anymore. This important factor now provides legal rights and new protection to Native Indians. "
Abstract This paper discusses the public apology made by Kevin Gover, the Assistant Secretary of Indian Affairs, to Native Americans for the harsh mistreatment they received at the hands of the U.S. Government. The paper looks at the many aspects of this mistreatment addressed by the apology, and suggests that, although late in coming, a public apology may open the door to reparations for American Indians.
From the Paper "In his speech, Gover made note of the Dawes Severalty Act, passed in 1887. This act was just one in a long line of examples of the early settlers? inability to understand the ways of the Native Americans. The act was created by whites who believed they were helping weak Native Americans by turning them into farmers and land owners. While this act uprooted the Native Americans from their homes and placed them in reservations, the American government alleged that they were helping, rather than hurting the Native Americans simply because of their belief in the superiority of America and of its culture."
Abstract The military history of British involvement in India began, fully, in 1857 when Indian forces staged a revolt against the British East India Company. The Indian army began as an indigenous force run by British officers. The British role in India, far surpassed the history of British Imperialism anywhere else in the world.
Abstract This paper is an anthropology paper that debates the true reason for resistance to Indian Casinos. The paper wholeheartedly supports the anthropologist Darrian-Smith in asserting that the one of the ultimate reasons for resistance to Indian Casinos lies in the centuries old traditions of non-Native discrimination towards natives, and both traditional and new age stereotyping.
From the Paper "Indian Casinos For much of hundreds of years the American people have variously exterminated, stolen from or assimilated their indigenous peoples. In more recent decades this has turned into milder forms of discrimination and stereotypical conceptualizations. The one enduring theme has been the patrimonial dominance over Native peoples, being the most regulated of all people within the boundaries of the United States. Relegated by land appropriations to remote, often worthless plots of reservation lands, the remnants of traditional Native societies have barely been able to eke out a subsistence living. However, taking advantage of laws previously designed against them, a limited number of Native American tribes have turned to Casinos as a source of revenue to alleviate them from their hardship."
Abstract This paper examines Indian-white relations on the post-revolutionary frontier up to the early 19th century. All social, political, and economic relations are marked by inequality and a dominant-inferior pattern.
