From the Paper
"Wassily Kandinsky's Untitled Improvisation III (1914), a work owned by the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, was done in oil paint on cardboard. The painting measures approximately 25 by 20 inches. This work is one of a series Kandinsky painted in the first years of his experiments with purely non-objective art. Kandinsky theorized about abstract painting and Untitled Improvisation III can be studied with reference to his theories about color and spirituality in art.
Kandinsky was born in Russia in 1866. He became a lawyer and it was not until he was thirty years old that he gave up a career as a legal scholar to become a painter. In 1896 he moved to Munich to take up his new career and, with trips to Paris, became familiar with the current trends in painting. In 1907 he exhibited with the early German expressionist group Die Brucke (The Bridge). Sometime between 1910 and 1912 he painted his first non-objective work--a watercolor."

Abstract
The paper discusses the weapon of the non-conventional force or guerrilla warriors, the improvised explosive device or IED, and how it has been used in the past. The paper examines the components of an IED and how they are deployed and identifies ome of the more commonly known chemical IEDs. The paper also points out some of the basic and conventional chemicals that can be used to manufacture chemical IEDs including chemicals that are found at home. The paper asserts that since IEDs, especially chemical IEDs, are becoming the weapon of choice of today's terrorists or insurgents, it is important for those battling these types of enemy to gain knowledge on how to prevent these attacks.

From the Paper
"The history of warfare is one where the combatant with the better weapon and strategy usually is the victor. Even in the prehistoric times when mankind fought with sticks and stones, those who had the most implements and can wield them better was assured of vanquishing the enemy. But warfare is also a story of innovation and invention. Sticks and stones were defeated when spears, bows and arrows where invented because it afforded fighting from a distance while delivering deadly projectiles from the safety of hides. Then fire was discovered and used with projectiles provided an even deadlier combination. Since then, various weapons of warfare have been developed and improved all to ensure victory in the battlefield and in conventional warfare.
"Conventional warfare though requires the deployment of numerous numbers of troops that are well equipped and well trained to wage battle against any enemy force. But there are those that do not have the capability of fielding huge armed forces thereby requiring the waging of low intensity or guerrilla warfare to even the playing field of the battlespace. Even their weapons are rudimentary and they do not have the luxury of having tanks, fighter aircrafts, artillery or other heavy weapons found in the conventional army. The saving grace though is that they are able employ hit and run tactics that served to disrupt conventional forces. To wit, they improvise weapons made of everyday materials. These weapons may not be as sophisticated as those of conventional armies but they are equally effective especially when deployed at the proper time and at carefully selected targets."

Tags:terrorists, bombs, weapons, Molotov, cocktail

From the Paper
"INTRODUCTION
Comedy has become a major business over the last 20 years or so, and the proliferation of comedy clubs in major cities is a testament to this fact. Three of the seminal and more successful comedy clubs are found in Los Angeles--The Comedy Store on Sunset Boulevard, the Laugh Factory on the same street, and the Improvisation on Melrose Avenue. These clubs are known for featuring new talent, as places where established talent tests material, and as magnets for celebrities in the audience as well as on stage. Each has also been well-served by their respective owners' dedication to promotion. The venues have somewhat different approaches to the presentation of comedy acts and target somewhat different audiences. They have also been buffeted recently by a downturn in the comedy business, though they have ..."

From the Paper
"Improvisation was an important element in Dixieland jazz, a style of music which originated in New Orleans during the late 19th century. Many of the Dixieland musicians turned to improvisation because they could not read sheet music. However, there were also various cultural influences on the development of improvisation in New Orleans jazz. For example, the roots of Dixieland's improvisatory style can be found in the work songs of the black American slaves. In turn, the music of the black slaves was based on the tribal music of West Africa. To a lesser extent, European music and ragtime also had an impact on the New Orleans style of improvisation.


One of the most notable features of Dixieland jazz was its use of collective improvisation (Brooks, 1984, p. 89). In this approach to improvisation, all of the members of the jazz group..."

Abstract
This paper explains that the pieces in Miles Davis' jazz CD "Kind of Blue" are loosely composed, consisting of improvisation within a musical framework, which produces a feeling of freedom without the clutter of a larger ensemble. The author points out that, when the listener focuses on just hearing the music, he or she can discover the structure behind the melodies and appreciate each instrument and its player individually. The paper relates that the favorite piece on the CD is "Blue in Green", which is the most melodic piece in the collection; Bill Evans creates a lush and romantic mood and his playing invites the listener to put down whatever he is doing and just listen.

From the Paper
"Bill Evans's piano solos gave a languid feeling with an unhurried, soft touch that was romantic and contemplative. Between the two saxophonists, I preferred the work of John Coltrane, who has a dusky sound that broadens as it gains volume. Cannonball Adderly's alto sax brought the energy level up and made me feel like getting up off the couch and moving around. I was struck by the contrast of these two players and, although alto and tenor saxes play in different registers, the difference in their sound is attributable to more than this. It is a matter of individual style and each musician's approach. This switch in mood makes the CD more interesting and eliminated any possibility of monotony or of boredom on the part of the listener."

Tags:evan, trumpet, improvisation, coltrane, sax

Abstract
The paper discusses the background of Bach, Mozart and Beethoven and their respective eras of music. The paper shows how while they emulated each others' genius, they still differ according to the eras of their musical origins. The paper points out these differences and highlights how Bach was the explorer, pushing the boundaries within standardized conventions which Mozart subsequently expanded technically, and Beethoven expanded through improvisation.

From the Paper
"Bach, Mozart and Beethoven are interlinked, not only by their popularity but by their historical lineage as innovators of classical music. It is important to note that these three composers consecutively brought about a transformation in music from a church and hymn like recital functions to a popularized artistic form. The precursor to these artists, including Bach and the parents of Beethoven and Mozart (as well as his teachers), were specially detailed/assigned with creating religion-based background and ambience music, which was not meant to appeal to the masses, but provide propriety to the church atmosphere, and signify religious and spiritual piety and solemnity."

Tags:church, music, hymns, concertos, oratorios, improvisations, Baroque, Classical, Romantic, period

Abstract
This paper gives a comparative/contrastive analysis of the renowned French composer Claude Debussy's 'Syrinx' with the modern Japanese composer Ryo Noda's 'Improvisation I', 'Improvisation I'I, and 'Improvisation III. According to the paper, it requires examining the respective differences and similarities between these composers and their respective compositions, particularly in regard to their style and technique.

From the Paper
"Conducting a comparative/contrastive analysis of the renowned French composer Claude Debussy's Syrinx with the modern Japanese composer Ryo Noda's Improvisation I, Improvisation II, and Improvisation III requires examining the respective differences and similarities between these composers and their respective compositions, particularly in regard to their influences, style and technique."

Tags:debussy, and, noda

Abstract
The paper compares and contrasts the renowned French composer Claude Debussy's compositions for flute entitled "Syrinx" with the modern Japanese composer Ryo Noda's compositions for saxophone entitled "Improvisation I", " Improvisation II" and "Improvisation III". The paper examines the similarities and differences between these composers and their respective works in terms of style, technique and instrumentation. The paper shows how the works of both composer reflect their mutual regard for traditional influences but higher regard for innovative creativity. A large amount of source material is appended to the paper.

From the Paper
"In discussing Claude Debussy's work, it is important to note the shift in music compositional style that he instigated in the late Nineteenth Century and early Twentieth with Impressionism. Syrinx, which was written in 1913 for an uncompleted Gabriel Mouray play entitled Psyche, embodies such traits and demonstrates why Debussy was considered "a great harmonic innovator of the Twentieth Century." His new compositional style featured "fresh, new tonal perspectives without abandoning tonality itself." (Moss)"

Tags:flute, saxophone, Impressionism, innovation, music, style, technique, instrumentation

Abstract
Jazz is described as a form of musical improvisation that combines both organization and spontaneity. It is the spontaneous improvisation that separates it from traditional Western music, which is written down in notation as carefully as possible, in order to make sure that it is performed as closely to the composer's intentions as possible. This paper provides a definition of jazz before exploring the origins of this musical genre. The paper examines what makes certain music be regarded as jazz and explores the influence of jazz on other music.

Paper Outline:
Introduction
The Origins of Jazz
What Makes it Jazz?
The Influence of Jazz
Conclusion
Bibliography

From the Paper
"Even though jazz is a rich mixture of melody, rhythm, harmony and inventive improvisation based on those basics, it has always not been treated with respect by music historians and other experts. For instance, in his book An Illustrated History of Music, the author does not even give jazz a mention. Marc Pincherle seems to have a bias toward traditional Western European styles of music, but Gerard (p. 12) states, "Music does not have to be totally predictable to be beautiful." Jazz may suffer because it is often not written down in notation, and because much of its history is recorded informally."

Tags:Jelly, Morton, blues, AABA, lead, sheet, tempo

Abstract
This paper sheds light on important aspects of Charlie Parker's life and times. It introduces a jazz musician who completely transformed this type of music through his talent, originality and improvisation skills. The paper discusses the changes that he brought into jazz styles and also focuses on Parker's influence on society and economy of his days. For this reason, many magazine articles and few books were consulted and research in this paper is appropriately supported by expert views and comments.

From the Paper
"Charlie Parker's name is synonymous with innovation in jazz music. This is because in his short life of 34 years, the man was able to transform the world of music by introducing new and better tunes and jazz styles that made him immortal. Charlie Parker was born in 1920 in Kansas City but later moved to New York where he found a more intelligent audience that appreciated his alto sax tunes and helped him in discovering new techniques including the famous Bebop. Bebop was probably the greatest achievement of this man and this jazz style became extremely popularly in that era. It is important to understand that this man was not simply a musician but was a legend in himself because not only did he transform Jazz, he also created awareness regarding this type of music. It was because of him that Americans from every social class started taking an interest in this kind of music and thus the man left an indelible mark on the United States and not particularly its one field."

Tags:music, jazz, charlie, parker