Abstract This paper examines the troubles confronting New Orleans tourist industry as it digs its way out of the rubble left behind by HurricaneKatrina. The paper briefly outlines the significance of the tourist industry to the community and also looks at the pros and cons of reconstituting the old New Orleans. Finally the paper briefly delineates a few things that the city can do to not only revive its tourist industry in the wake of a terrible tragedy but to also secure the return and or retention of middle class professionals.
From the Paper "Hurricane Katrina had a profound impact upon the city of New Orleans. Leaving aside momentarily the terrible loss of life and property, the natural disaster also greatly affected New Orleans' tourist industry, changing perhaps forever how many outsiders see the Louisiana metropolis. The following paper will examine New Orleans tourism before the tragedy and examine also the pros and cons of returning the city to its original state - at least from a tourist perspective. Finally, the paper will conclude with some recommendations for what New Orleans can do and should do if it wishes tourists to still frequent the city in the years to come."
Abstract This paper discusses the people displaced by HurricaneKatrina It reviews government response at federal and local levels. The author contends that officials, notably FEMA, the Bush Administration and the New Orleans mayor did not sufficiently respond to the enormity of the disaster.
From the Paper "People displaced by the devastation of Hurricane Katrina especially the poor are America's forgotten citizens. In a CNN report of November, Louisiana Governor, Kathleen Blanco, said: "We feel like we are citizens of the United States ..."
Abstract This looks at seven different news sources from the months since HurricaneKatrina struck New Orleans. The paper describes these articles and explains the situations or explores how the media reacts to such events. The paper contends that the choice of the specific topic the news source chooses to convey reflects how the media relates to American society.
From the Paper "Different news agencies covering the same events allow readers to try to filter through the news media spectacle. Reading accounts of the same event over a period of time can let the reader compare and contrast the news media. One detail which the reader may notice is that there are differences between the focuses of each news account. One major event which occurred recently in the United States was the Hurricane Katrina, which lasted from August 23^rd to the 31^st. This major Category 5 hurricane affected the United States, especially New Orleans, in a variety of ways, and was covered closely by the news media. These news articles provide an account of Hurricane Katrina, how it affected the United States, and show news media differences. The earliest news articles printed about the hurricane striking New Orleans were highly dramatic, or showed many elements of the media ..."
Abstract The paper argues that HurricaneKatrina's victims were not only victims of a horrendous storm, but of horrendous inequality because of their race. The paper discusses how the Bush administration disappointed the country in the process of dealing with HurricaneKatrina and contends that his neglect can be linked to his obsession with fighting a war in Iraq. The paper shows how the story of HurricaneKatrina and its aftermath paints a picture of a racist government and a nation that has yet to rid itself entirely of its historical prejudice against black people.
From the Paper "Three years after Hurricane Katrina, we are still reeling in the aftermath: questions of racism and class and how Katrina exposed racism and class disparity in America, and how the government of our country let us down on so many fronts - locally, statewide, and federally. Many blacks in New Orleans affected by the hurricane spoke out saying that they felt like victims of genocide - comparing what happened to them and how they were treated akin to the Holocaust. Many people, especially politicians, have spoken out saying that the likening to the Holocaust is completely inappropriate because no gas chambers were utilized, leaving many to wonder if racism doesn't exist without outright violence. Communities in New Orleans have said that people died because of abject neglect - neglect that happened because the people were black and the government didn't care about them."
Abstract This case study analysis discusses the implementation of the National Response Plan (NRP) under the National Incident Management System (NIMS) of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) of the United States government in response to the disaster of HurricaneKatrina in 2005. The paper examines both the weaknesses and the strengths of the implementation of the NRP in New Orleans and Louisiana in August and September 2005. The paper concludes with recommendations for the future.
Table of Contents:
Project Summary
Size of the Project
Implementation Process
Environmental Setting
Leadership
Implementers
Beneficiaries
Communication
Evaluation of the Success of Implementation
Lessons Learned
Recommendations
General Conclusions
From the Paper "Given the political cost to President Bush in the wake of Katrina, the federal government seems to have decided that partnerships with local and state agencies are no longer effective. Instead of waiting for requests for assistance from state and local officials, the federal government has instituted policies that require proactive intervention by the federal government in the anticipation of any disaster. The implementation of disaster planning - pending further review of the role of FEMA - will be heavily militarized, with primary responsibility lying with Northcom; the U.S. Northern Command that was set up in the wake of 9-11 to deal with military crises on American soil. Thus, weeks after Hurricane Katrina, when Hurricane Wilma threatened Florida, President Bush overrode the wishes of his brother, the Governor of Florida, and made a three-star general the primary leader for implementation of the NRP in that case (Sylves 37). Thus, pending a radical revision of FEMA, the primary lesson learned from Katrina has been the necessity for proactive leadership over partnership, as exemplified by military command-and-control structures."
Abstract This paper explores the factors that could have caused hurricaneKatrina and discusses if Katrina was predictable and the likelihood that New Orleans will be hit again. The paper examines this region in comparison to others that have a history of hurricanes and looks at whether the city should be rebuilt on its old location. The paper then discusses the measures that will make New Orleans safer if it is indeed rebuilt.
Outline:
Introduction: Predicting Disaster
Should New Orleans Be rebuilt?
The Extent of Destruction and Future Guidelines
From the Paper "Past civilizations have always been under the threat of some form of natural disaster. For some we only know of them because of a particular disaster that swallowed up and preserved them, such as the well-known Pompei example in ancient Italy. But in modern times we have the good fortune of knowing a lot more about what causes certain natural disasters, and to this extent we can help prepare certain regions for what inevitably will come their way. Figuring out all the geographical relations that determine a particular region becomes very important, and many areas of science must mesh to convey the full information, statistical or otherwise, of what causes severe weather systems, and to what degree is the pattern predictable. Currently there is increasing concern surrounding the hurricane Katrina disaster in New Orleans, and in general how we can prepare for an increase in tropical storms in this and other critical regions."
Abstract This paper discusses how the 2005 hurricane season proved to be particularly intense and damaging. HurricaneKatrina caused a breech of levees and massive flooding and losses in New Orleans. Hurricane Rita was also almost as intense as Katrina but luckily did not cause as much damage. In particular, the paper looks at how it is important to recognize that hurricane preparedness is essential to minimizing the damage caused by hurricanes and how, given the margin of error in hurricane forecasting, the damage may not always materialize but failure to act on a hurricane warning could prove to be much more costly in life and property losses. This paper assesses the impact of Katrina and Rita in order to study Hurricane emergency response and what needs to be done to produce a response that would minimize loss of life and property.
Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Forecasting Hurricanes HurricaneKatrina Hurricane Rita
Damage by Katrina Rita Follows Katrina Emergency Planning for Future Hurricanes Discussion and Conclusions
From the Paper "The orbiting and geostationary satellites take visual and infrared photographs. The infrared photographs measure the temperature of the surface below it; the sea, the earth, the clouds etc. The temperatures are color coded for identification. The visible photographs provide information about cloud cover. As indicated by the solar radiation reflected by the clouds. These pictures determine the temperature of the ocean water, circulation patterns and the height of the cloud. The ground radars and buoys transmit weather data every hour to the weather data collecting stations. These factors help in forecasting the cyclones (hurricanes). "
Abstract In this article, the writer introduces, discusses and analyzes the topic of HurricaneKatrina's impact on America. Specifically, the writer discusses the hurricane's impact on the environment. The writer notes that HurricaneKatrina's impact on New Orleans, the Gulf Coast and the nation is still being assessed. The writer points out that this was one of the nation's worst natural disasters and many survivors of Katrina have left the New Orleans area forever. The writer maintains that the long-term effects of the chemicals, oil spills, massive landfills and other environmental aspects of Katrina should be studied in order to learn how to protect our environment from disasters in the future. The writer concludes that the environmental impact of the storm will be felt for decades throughout the Gulf Coast.
From the Paper "One aspect of this chemical nightmare really did not get that much attention, but the oil spills from Katrina rivaled the oil spills of the 1989 Exxon Valdez disaster, but they were not contained or cleaned up nearly as easily. Studies show there were at least 44 oil spills around the area, with two major spills, totally several million gallons each. After the Exxon Valdez disaster, it seems just about everyone knows the incredible damage an oil spill can do. Pictures of birds, fish, and other animals killed by spills are vivid reminders of how pervasive an oil spill can be. In this case, spills took place in neighborhoods, too, and that includes oil and other chemicals leaking from all the submerged cars. There was a sheen of oil all over the floodwaters of New Orleans, and most of it ended up in Lake Pontchartrain or the Gulf Coast. There were many wetlands devastated by the oil spills, and no one was allowed back into their communities until it had all been cleaned up, a process that sometimes took months or even years."
Abstract This paper is an essay on the ways that the effects of HurricaneKatrina highlighted the deeper problem of economic disparity in America. The author points out the responsibility of all to at least acknowledge that more blacks than whites are poor. The paper state that blacks were affected more deeply by the hurricane.
From the Paper "Hurricane Katrina was astonishing not simply for the incredible destruction it brought to life and property in its part of the world. It also showed how money can safeguard a way of life and how the lack of money can shatter a fragile economic balance. Wealth ..."
Abstract This paper discusses the traumatic emotional effects that HurricaneKatrina had on children, both those caught in the hurricane and those evacuated earlier. According to a review in this paper of an article by Dr. Bruce Perry, the leading US authority on dealing with childhood trauma, the urgency of caring for the emotional well being of these children is imperative.
From the Paper "According to Dr. Bruce Perry, a senior fellow at the Child Trauma Academy in Houston, TX and America's foremost authority on childhood trauma and neglect, "more than 35% of the children exposed to a single traumatic event will develop serious mental health problems" (Renowned Child Trauma Expert, 2005). Perry continues to state that the real crisis of Hurricane Katrina is the millions of traumatized children. This article appeared in newspapers across the country. It was written and carried across the US Newswire service. Dr. Perry's Child Trauma Academy (Renowned Child Trauma Expert, 2005) was reported to be offering various publications to help other professionals support what he calls "The Children of Katrina."
The writer of this in-depth paper focuses on the resulting impact of the judicial and executive administration of justice in the city of New Orleans following the destruction and devastation brought on by HurricaneKatrina in August 2005.
Abstract This paper analyzes the various failings that took place in the aftermath of HurricaneKatrina while also discussing the numerous occurrences of legal oversight by the state's administration in dealing with residents of affected areas. The purpose of this paper is to point out the state's faults and shortcomings in the aftermath of Katrina in an attempt to improve upon further efforts as they pertain to crisis situations that can and will occur in the future. This well-researched paper details the incidences of crime and looting that took place after the hurricane while examining the role of the police and other public officials that were to restore order during this time of panic and confusion. The writer looks at the impact and influence of outside agencies such as the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) and the federal government who aided the city in the aftermath of Katrina. This paper also details the gross negligence and military police style tactics that were used against the victims of Katrina as they were simply trying to survive the unavoidable natural disaster that had struck their city.
Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction of Chapter One
Statement of Opportunity
Significance of the Project
Background and Setting
External and Internal Influences
Focus of the Project
Leadership and Growth Opportunities
Summary of Chapter One
Chapter Two - Introduction
Review of Related Literature
Findings of the Research
Chapter Three
Design and Objectives
Strategies of the Project
Appendix One
References
From the Paper "Tragically, there are those who have paid more than prison time for being poor and black in Louisiana. Indeed many have paid the price with their very lives for they had no way to escape the approaching Category 5 hurricane. Many drowned, and it is amazing upon consideration, in the attics of their houses. Forty-five individuals that were hospitals patients at the time died in the hospitals due to what has been stated to be terrible conditions with a vile stench filling the hospital. School buses that should have and could have taken many of the tens of thousands stranded with the hurricane approaching to safety sat flooded out in parking lots. No one dreamed that this could happen in America. Indeed, the U.S. is ever-so-prepared for such things [i.e. for example: terrorists] that this should have never happened. The criminal justice system will now prepare itself to address the results of this tragic natural disaster and should bolster itself for a very long day in court."
Abstract This paper examines the failures of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), as witnessed by Americans in the aftermath of HurricaneKatrina. The article lists a timeline of events following the hurricane, as well as enumerates the errors made by FEMA and its results for the people of New Orleans.
From the Paper "Chicago was not the only city to offer help and be declined . In the days following the hurricane, several local and state governments, corporations and nonprofit organizations across the United States offered to help in the relief effort, only to be declined by federal officials, who actually provided very little aid to the needy victims of the hurricane. Claiming security concerns, the Department of Homeland Security prevented the American Red Cross from entering New Orleans with food and supplies. Five hundred Floridian airboaters were prepared to rescue stranded victims, but FEMA turned them down. Many other cities and groups also had their offers refused."
Abstract This paper presents both sides of the hurricaneKatrina debate. It then provides a plethora of evidence to suggest that the federal government (rather than state and local government) is responsible for the delays in rescue and relief following hurricaneKatrina. It cites the mistakes of Homeland Security Secretary Michael Chertoff, FEMA and FEMA director Michael Brown and the President of the United States.
From the Paper "There is evidence to suggest that the federal government understood the serious threat hurricane Katrina posed on the low-lying Gulf region, and that they did make some effort to convey this danger and urge people out of harm's way. On Saturday August, 27th, President Bush declared a state of emergency in Louisiana and encouraged people to evacuate the New Orleans area before the storm made landfall. Prior to the storm, flood and storm surge predictions were made by the National Hurricane Center in Miami. At least 200 buses were sent to aid in evacuations before the event. The federal government did express concerns over the levee system's ability to weather the storm and operate under such difficult conditions."
Abstract This paper addresses the issue of rebuilding the Gulf Coast following HurricaneKatrina. Specifically, the writer discuss the hiring of illegal immigrants; in addition, it maintains that the job of rebuilding rightfully belongs to those hardest hit by the disaster: the residents who have weathered the storm, and who will most likely remain residents after the reconstruction efforts are completed. It argues that these are the people who need, now more than ever, the chance to regain their lives, their homes, and their city: they need to be given the jobs to rebuild their cities.
From the Paper "It has been months since Hurricane Katrina wrought its havoc on the Gulf Coast, destroying lives, homes, dreams, and hopes-yet the struggle to survive goes on. However, for those who suffered most from the hurricane, it seems the worst is yet to come. Generous government allocations have been set aside, and indeed, they have come, but with strings attached. The things that have happened in the wake of the storm make the aftermath seem more treacherous than the event itself. In some ways, one can say that Katrina was only the eye of the storm."
Abstract This paper discusses the phenomenon of white privilege in the United States. It describes how it was never more apparent than in the calamity of HurricaneKatrina. The paper discusses the effects of this privilege and racism and describes the ways that it became evident following the national disaster of HurricaneKatrina. The paper questions whether any changes will occur to rectify the problems.
From the Paper "The effect of White Privilege is the creation of system justifications (Napier 61), and it was never more apparent than in the calamity of Katrina. The effect of this was the construction of victim blaming justifications by the authorities in charge when combating the disparity in response to the needs of those of color. The system appeared to come out smelling like roses; it was only certain individuals that could be blamed for any prejudicial treatment. And the victims were blamed for not being able to help themselves. Ludicrous in concept yet if repeated often enough it become reality to those involved. Katrina has certainly taught us that the systems of government, business and education need to recognize this invisible white privilege within and deal with the racial prejudiced involved with it. Will there be changes? Unfortunately we still seem to be waiting for that promised, "bold action." (Bush 1406)"
