Abstract This paper examines the U.S. government's focus on immigration since September 11th. It explains how the U.S government attempts to discover the most effective approach to continue to allow immigrants into the nation, while at the same time prevent another terrorist attack on American soil. The writer discusses the two forms of immigration into the UnitedStates - permanent and temporary. The writer further discusses the 'Patriot Act' and its implications. In addition, the writer looks at how technology would be added to bolster the strength of screening techniques at American borders and allow for legal immigrants to enter the country, while at the same time prevent illegals and terrorists from using the borders as their gateway to the country.
From the Paper "The United States has traditionally been known as a country that accepts immigrants and values their diversity within society. The events of September 11th, however, made lawmakers, political entities and the public reconsider their view of immigration. This is because 12 of the 19 high-jackers in the September 11th attacks were all in the country legally with either tourist or student visas (Ruiz sec. 1). Three of those terrorists had held legal visas which had expired, but no action was ever taken to force them to leave the United States at that time. Alexia Elejalde-Ruiz contends that because the status of these individuals through immigration is public knowledge, now there are millions of Americans that believe that if the immigration policies had been different, there would have been no 9-11 attacks (sec. 1)."
Abstract This paper looks at the underlying trends of each population growth factor separately, particularly the immigration factor. It includes several graphs and in-depth data of the population in the UnitedStates as a whole as well as divided into sectors. It gives an historical overview of the Hispanic immigration from its origin until the present day. Finally, it concludes that the Hispanic population will continue to grow rapidly into the largest minority group due to their immigration and birth rate.
From the Paper "Researchers in demographics have persistently foretold that the rapidly growing Hispanic population would inevitably develop into the leading minority group in the United States. Updated data released from the 2000 census reveal that this belief is fast approaching actualisation. The data indicates that America's Hispanic population grew by 58% during the 1990s, putting Hispanics practically equal with African Americans as the country's biggest minority group. Most demographers predicted that the Hispanic population would equal or exceed African Americans by 2005. But that may occur sooner than initially anticipated. (Travierso, Maria. 2001, 1) How has this approaching dominance among minorities occurred and what does this mean to the U.S. population at large?"
Tags: Hispanic, United, States, census, 2000, population, minority, demographics
Abstract This paper describes the central monetary system of the UnitedStates government in the form of the Federal Reserve Bank. The paper examines the function of the bank and it's governing members and committees. The paper details the concepts and economic responsibilities of the bank and highlights its historic policies.
From the Paper "The major institution of centralized monetary policy in the United States is the Federal Reserve Bank ? which has been much in the news lately as it has continued to drop the discount rate. To understand why it has taken the actions that it has during this calendar year and to understand the relationship between the Federal Reserve Bank, a centralized monetary policy and fluctuations in interest we must in fact focus on the central bank ? or the Fed, as it is nearly universally called, even by those who never even think about investing in the world of high finance."
Tags:united, states, federal, reserve, bank, centralized, monetary, policy, ecomony, central, inflation, Clinton, Bush
Abstract This paper documents the rise and fall of the First Bank of the UnitedStates created in 1791. It describes the major criticism of the bank, how it interfered with the development of the banking system and economic growth. It explains how the Second Bank of the UnitedStates rose from the demise of the First Bank, and what caused the closure of the Second Bank.
Tags: Central bank, first bank of the unitedstates, second bank of the unitedstates, implied powers, constitutional law, madison, hamilton, washington, fiscal policy, inflation, veto
Abstract This paper examines the terrible disease of tuberculosis and its spread in the 18th and 19th century In Europe. It details the disease's symptoms and their treatment as well as the discovery of anti-tuberculous drugs. Furthermore, it gives a valid comparison of the prevalence of tuberculosis amongst the populations of the UnitedStates and South Korea and studies the statistical data of these two very different countries. It concludes that better living conditions can bring down the amount of people sick with TB.
From the Paper "Tuberculosis is a communicable disease that usually affects the respiratory system but can infect any other system of the body. It is transmitted by droplet infection in the air from a person with the active disease. The pathogens are bacteria known commonly as Mycobacterium Tuberculi. Tuberculosis was a fatal disease in the 18th and 19th centuries, prominent all over Europe even in the well off classes. With the discovery of Streptomycin and other anti-tuberculous drugs, along with strict health regimens and isolation procedures the more developed nations managed to control this epidemic by the 20th century. Underdeveloped countries however were still a source of the infection and it was endemic in many third world nations."
Tags: Tuberculosis, United, States, South, Korea, HIV, disease, air, living, conditions, underdeveloped, countries
Abstract This paper examines 20th century developments pertaining to the UnitedStates and China. The paper discusses how the philosophical position of each nation acts as a guiding principle when domestic agendas are decided upon and how these in turn reflect on international relations.
From the Paper "The United States and China have long eyed one another from across an ideological chasm that has at times appeared unbridgeable. Throughout the 20th century, domestic trends within each nation have diverged such that little common ground appeared to exist between them. Indeed for much of the 20th century, Chinese isolationism reinforced a communist agenda that did not recognize key properties intrinsic to Western society, among them religious freedom, capitalist business practices and a generally individualistic disposition."
Abstract This paper examines immigrationpolicies in the UnitedStates. The paper describes some of the reasons that immigration rates in the U.S. have risen and fallen, including domestic political, economic, social, and religious factors, which have in turn been impacted by the rate of immigration from abroad. Then paper then discusses what effects these changes in rates of immigration have on the U.S. government immigrationpolicies.
From the Paper "Immigration: An Analysis of Policy Shifts Over the years, the pace of immigration in the United States has risen and fallen depending upon several factors. American immigration policies have shifted at various times due to domestic political, economic, social, and religious factors in the United States, which have in turn been impacted by the rate of immigration from abroad. When immigration rates have been high, government immigration policies have tended to become more restrictive because of government reactions to public concerns about "foreigners" undermining American society and taking away jobs. In times of economic expansion and prosperity, immigration policies have tended to be much less stringent, primarily because jobs are plentiful."
This paper discusses the social work considerations in the provision of social welfare services to refugees and documented and undocumented aliens in the UnitedStates.
Abstract This paper explains that, while all immigrants are obviously not Middle Eastern in origin, the impact of September 11 on the national consciousness concerning immigrationpolicies in general has resulted in a severe backlash against all immigrants, creating one of the toughest debate on how best to provide social welfare services. The author points out that, to ensure that all people in the U.S. are provided with minimum levels of social services, the social work community must organize on the national level and secure the assistance of key legislators who are in the best position to effect the changes in policy. The paper recommends that the national social work organization should provide legislators with personal and empirical observations about the importance and urgency of this issue for people who would come to the UnitedStates seeking gainful and legal employment.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Review and Discussion
Identification of Improvements Needed in the Existing Policy Analysis of Published Empirical Data that Impacts Arguments.
Description of Current Political and Social Issues.
Proposed Policy Practice Strategy using Legislative Advocacy.
Identification of Actions Needed to Implement the Strategy.
Proposed Timeline for Strategy Implementation.
Phase One
Phase Two
Discussion of the Policy Practice Skills Required by the Strategy.
Conclusion
From the Paper "The terrorist attacks of September 11 were carried out by 19 Arab noncitizens, and many Americans have reason to believe that other Arab noncitizens are linked with these nationalities. The fear that pervades the American consciousness today is directly reflected in how the mainstream public views policies concerning immigration. "Citizens, it is said, are presumptively loyal; noncitizens are not. Thus, it is not irrational to focus on Arab noncitizens. Moreover, on a normative level, if citizens and noncitizens were treated identically, citizenship itself might be rendered meaningless". The part played by mainstream media and its impact on immigration laws have been pronounced; however, perhaps even more fundamental for the purposes of the provision of timely and effective social work services is the new mindset that emerged after September 11 that created two distinct and unmistakable categories for Americans: there is ?us,? and then there is ?them.? "
Tags: 9/11, noncitizens, policy, opportunities, control
Abstract This paper examines the history of American immigrationpolicy in an effort to shed some light on the current immigrationpolicy reform asked for by President Bush. The paper also takes a position against a policy that would limit immigration into the country, suggesting that those in favor of immigration reform are xenophobic conservative individuals.
From the Paper "Since the birth of the United States, immigration has played a vital role in shaping the country and its culture. Immigrants have literally built much of the country. Throughout early American history, immigration was for the most part unregulated and free up until 1882. Individuals and their families immigrated to America looking for a new life, land, and freedom from war, poverty, famine, or religious persecution."
Tags: groups, immigrants, discriminated, sentiment, majority, federal, government, population
Abstract This paper takes the position that many of the policies taken in the name of homeland security amount to harassment. Instead of increasing security, these policies really only threaten to erode the UnitedStates? relationship with the rest of the world and, in the end, undermine the very ideals on which American democracy is built.
From the Paper "These new laws, however, have already affected legal immigration rates into the country. University officials, for example, report a significant drop in the number of foreign students in American colleges. Because of stringent visa requirements, many students are opting to study in other Western countries such as Canada, the United Kingdom and Australia. This translates to millions of dollars in lost revenue, since foreign students contribute nearly $12 billion to the United States economy each year (Paden and Singer)."
Abstract The paper argues that immigration laws in the UnitedStates must be revised to reflect the fact that Mexican immigrants comprise a crucial component of the American economy, particularly in the the essential services sector. The paper explains that the current policy is duplicitious, openly praising the virtues economic integration while simultaneoulsy preventing the integration of the labor market.
From the Paper "The United States of America in dutifully and aggressively protecting its own interests has at times assumed a duplicitous role with its neighbors. Nowhere has this been truer than in regard to Mexico specifically pertaining to US immigration policy."
Tags: mexico, unitedstates, immigration, NAFTA, US economy
Abstract This paper compares Mexican and Central American migration patterns since 1960 with an emphasis on the role of UnitedStatesimmigrationpolicy and its expanding globalization efforts. The writer argues that Mexican and Central American migration patterns share similar motivating elements and consequences due to both the forces intended to curb immigration and those intended to expand American capital interests.
From the Paper "Economic analyst Saskia Sassen writes that migration should not solely be examined on levels of internal factors such as the sending country's political and economic problems, but rather on a level of international processes that might encourage such out-migration (Sassen 213). If this is true, for our purposes it is important to note that historically, and most importantly since 1960, U.S. foreign policy catering to globalization interests have indeed been at play in the sending countries of Mexico and Central America. As the largest employer and exporter in Guatemala by the 1930s, the United Fruit Company (UFC) serves as an early example of foreign policy benefiting these globalization efforts. United Fruit did this by securing beneficial tax agreements through shrewd manipulation of the favorable political climate and privatization of Guatemalan land. The reading by Kinzer and Schlesinger points out that the UFC enjoyed a stronghold on the export-oriented Guatemalan economy, allowing them to dictate the politics on their terms. Guatemala had grown to become an economic appendage of the U.S. as a vast portion its economy was spear-headed by la fruitera."
Abstract This paper explores Asian immigration to the UnitedStates during the 1970s. It describes the impact Asian immigration had on America since that time, the different Asian groups who arrived and the social and political reasons for their voyage to America. The author writes that Asian immigration to the U.S. began over a century ago, in 1830 Chinese immigrants entered New York, since then Asian immigrants have become one of largest foreign-born groups in America. The paper introduces a Taiwanese immigrant, Wu Hsiung Chu and presents the details of his life in Taiwan and his immigration to the UnitedStates of America.
From the Paper "Asian people were excluded from entering the United States, until the Immigration Act of 1965. This act allowed immigration from countries such as China, India, Korea, and the Philippines to grow. In addition to the immigration Act of 1965 another law in 1975 created a program of resettlement for refugees fleeing Cambodia and Vietnam. A year later, the program was extended to include Laotians. (People Is Plural)
Vietnamese immigration was slow until 1970 when it began building rapidly through the fall of Saigon in 1975. After that it increase with thousands of Vietnamese were admitted under refugee provisions created in an effort to save a half million South Vietnamese who fled Vietnam in tiny boats. During the highest point of Vietnamese immigration in the mid to late 70s, an average of 120,000 entered Vietnamese people came to the country each year. The Vietnamese American population is the most geographically concentrated among Asian groups. The largest waves of refugees were handled through Camp Pendleton located in Oceanside, California, and most of these Vietnamese immigrants settled in the Westminster area of nearby Orange County. (Parsing Asian America) "
Tags:united, states, usa, 1970, immigration, act, 1965, china, india, korea, philippines, taiwan, asia, social, political, voyage, immigrants
Abstract The author of this paper relates the opinions of various groups on the issue of immigration to the UnitedStates. In addition, the paper provides a survey of immigration laws throughout UnitedStates history. The paper discusses the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and shows its limitations in dealing with immigration issues. The paper examines the issue of asylum and political refugees as it currently applies. In addition, the paper provides an explanation of how the UnitedStatesimmigration quotas operate.
From the Paper "Immigration is a subject that creates controversy, with many calling for less immigration as a way of enhancing security and improving the economy, and with others citing immigration as one of the main forces boosting the economy throughout American history. All Americans derive from immigrants, of course, except for the Native Americans who themselves had immigrated across the Bering Strait thousands of years ago. Immigration has changed over the course of American history, in part reflecting conditions elsewhere in the world, while also showing in the legal system how Americans view people from other countries, welcoming some and rejecting others. The issue has become enmeshed in security concerns since 9-11, with calls for reform to alter the number and type of immigrants allowed into the country. Some two percent of the world's population are migrants or refugees, and most lack basic human rights. While the Universal Declaration of Human Rights recognizes a citizen's right to leave a country, nothing is said about rights following the arrival in another country, and often this is a greater problem. More than 100 million people around the world are living in countries where they are not citizens, and another 23 million are displaced in their own countries. In spite of the huge numbers of people involved, constitutions, laws, and governments restrict the rights of these people to move freely, to speak, and to be heard. In addition, the present structure of recognized human rights provides no framework within which the rights of migrants can be discussed."
Abstract From 1910, when many of their Latin American cousins were establishing their own national autonomy and identity, the UnitedStates, through government policy, military might and business interference protected their own interests and sustained the balance of power their way. This paper explores how the UnitedStates dealt with three of their Latin American neighbours: Mexico, Argentina and Nicaragua. It conducts an analysis of U.S. involvement on Mexican, Argentine and Nicaraguan territory and affairs and discusses how this interference manifested through U.S. government and military policy, exports and business interests. This paper explores each of the aforementioned Latin American countries separately.
From the Paper "Argentina experienced a similar type of relationship with the United States, not unlike Mexico. From 1913 to 1929, the foreign trade value increased threefold. Argentine natives could purchase more foreign-produced material per capita than the U.S. In 1920, total Argentina-U.S. trade rose to $421 million. From 1914 to 1919, Argentina experienced a positive balance of trade. From 1921 to 1929, total trade volume performed better than two billion dollars but Argentina experienced a trade deficit with the US. The share of US trade with Argentina was rising while Britain's percentage was falling."
