This paper relates the history and function of the Illinois Association of ParkDistricts (IAPD) and other agencies relating to parks, recreation, and wildlife conservation.
Abstract This paper relates that the Illinois Association of ParkDistricts (IAPD)
was founded as the Illinois Association of Conservation and ParkDistricts 75 years ago to establish and protection parks and to conserve wildlife. The author points out that the historic ?Park Law Codification Bill?, signed in 1951, combines all the various laws pertaining to the issues of park conservatism into one single section of the state law. The paper relates that, today, each of the more than 40 parkdistricts, forests, and conservation parks in the state of Illinois has a police force to patrol, routinely enforcing laws regarding recreation, hunting, and boating, and especially the use of drugs and alcohol.
From the Paper "The DNR or the Illinois Department of Natural Resources states that its mission is to protect and manage and to conserve the various natural resources that the state of Illinois can very proudly boast of, and to provide those recreational opportunities to interested people that would not harm or spoil these natural resources in any manner. The Educational Department of the DNR was launched in the year 1995, with the primary aim of the development of educational methods and of the training methods involved in the conservation of natural resources of Illinois. It also was to provide hands on training for those persons wanting to indulge in the various outdoor activities that Illinois offers, such as snowmobiling, boating and hunting methods."
Abstract This paper examines how over the years there have been many new developments concerning the growth of state parks and how the developments have occurred in many different areas and through different legislative acts. With a focus on the State of Illinois, this paper discusses the history of current legislation and the current dilemma of who should fund the preservation, conservation, operation and programs.
From the Paper "In 1995, a Public Act 89 to 49 was signed for the purpose of the creation of the Conservation 2000 Fund for the protection and conservation of the natural resources of the state of Illinois through the establishment of a partnership between the state government and the various public and private landowners of Illinois. By the year 2002, the children of the state of Illinois had come to be involved in the different programs being organized by the IAPD, and there was a widespread response and a positive reaction to the issue of conservation, a lot of good feelings generated towards the cause of the Illinois Department of Conservation, otherwise known as the Department of Natural Resources, renamed in 1995. (IAPD at 75 Years)"
Abstract This paper studies the process of policy making within the national park program. Yosemite National Park is used as an example to illustrate environmental policy. It looks at how land has been changed since the influence of the National Park Service. It shows how the national park service's manipulation of land parallels broader policy-making and deals with the levels of public awareness and action.
From the Paper "The process of policy making within the national park program follows the "issue-attention cycle" proposed by Anthony Downs in 1972. This sequence includes problem identification and agenda setting, followed by policy formulation, adoption, implementation and evaluation (Switzer 3-5). The history of policy making for the national parks has repeated this process several times, with a significant reevaluation of the National Park Service's agenda approximately every decade. The major shifts in policy emphasis from tourism to wildlife biology occurred after World War II, when families increasingly took advantage of the national parks, and continued through the environmental awakening of the 1960s and 70s, at which time much of today's broader environmental policy was implemented".
Abstract This paper analysis Rosa Parks autobiography. It offers a short summary of the book describing the inspiring story of Rosa Parks, who became a leading protagonist in the struggle of African Americans for equality. The paper explores a main character in this book is, her husband, who encouraged her to take part in civil rights activities, and supported her decision to fight against racial segregation. The author explains that many of the secondary characters in this book, such as the bus driver and police officials, are antagonists because they were against what Rosa Parks was trying to accomplish.
From the Paper "Rosa Parks: My Story is set in Montgomery, Alabama in December 1955, and tells the inspiring story of Rosa Parks, who became a leading protagonist in the struggle of African Americans for equality. A main character in this book is her husband, who encouraged her to take part in civil rights activities, and supported her decision to fight against racial segregation. Many of the secondary characters in this book, such as the bus driver and police officials, are antagonists because they were against what Rosa Parks was trying to accomplish. The plot of Rosa Parks: My Story began when Rosa Parks "was sitting in the front seat of the colored section of a bus in Montgomery, Alabama." (Parks) She knew that because of racial bigotry, an African American had to give up their bus seat if a white man or woman boarded ..."
Abstract This paper traces the origins of the Civil Rights Movement in America, starting with Rosa Parks and the Montgomery bus boycott. The author shows how Parks' act of defiance ultimately led to the involvement of the major leaders of the Civil Rights Movement, including Martin Luther King. The paper includes a biography of King's life, influences and his impact on civil rights. Also described are some of King's speeches. The paper concludes that ordinary people like Rosa Parks showed the way forward to eventually affect change in American policies toward blacks and whites.
From the Paper "Of course the American Civil Rights Movement had many other origins and precursors. The peak of the Movement's activities was in the period between 1955 and 1965. One of the aims of the movement was achieved with the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Voting Rights Act of 1965 was passed by congress."
Tags: Rosa, Parks, Montgomery, bus, boycott, civil, rights
Abstract This essay deals with four areas which are causing Canadian National Parks to disappear--extreme government cut-backs, identity crisis, improper management and ecosystem destruction. It also suggests ways in which the government can change its polices to save these parks.
From the Paper "Canadians look at the infamous National Park's landscape and see a vast and beautiful range of Canada at it's best. Unfortunately, what one sees is often deceiving. The truth is that the state of Canada's National Parks is alarming. Entire species are disappearing, vegetation is being destroyed by development and urbanization, and the pristine lakes and rivers are being contaminated by pollution. The Canadian Government has not been fulfilling its managerial role in protecting the essential resources that are comprised in Canada's National Parks. The problems that have generated in the Park's system have often dismissed due to their seemingly insignificant characteristics. Unfortunately, all of the insignificant problems joined together to create a devastating picture of dyfunctionality of the National Parks. There are four pivotal points that have caused the Park's disastrous spiral aimed at oblivion. Extreme cuts to the Parks Canada's budget has forced them to compromise their principles on how the parks should be run, and resorted to doing what they could. Parks Canada has found itself in an extreme identity crisis, as financial pressures are pitting conflicting philosophies against one another. The Canadian Government is the root which many, if not all of the posing threats the National Parks has emerged from. Their improper management and mentality has potentially shattered any chance of Canada's ecosystem to flourish. Until the Canadian Government stops seeing the nation's national Parks yet another way to generate a clever income for their institution, the parks will continue to lose their ecological integrity until they fade from man's sight completely."
Abstract This paper compares the historic development of Central Park in New York and the historic development of the city of Frankfurt, Germany, which dates back to the stone age. The park was founded 150 years ago, as a place for the rich to enjoy, and is now used by all.
Abstract This paper discusses the history of Mesa Verde National Park in Colorado. The paper explains that the park was built to preserve the cliff dwellings of the Anasazi people and that it is of historical and archaeological significance to visitors and scientists alike.
Tags: Mesa Verde, national park, Native Americans, Anasazi
Abstract This paper details part of a foreign direct investment project, specifically a theme park in India. The writer focuses on the portion that deals with the dollar amount of the project, the raising of the money for it, and how economic risks would be dealt with.
Tags: India, theme park, amusement, risks, funding
Abstract The following paper discusses the inner districts of Chicago from 1900 to 1930. In this essay, the writer looks at the work 'The Jungle' by Upton Sinclair and in the showdown of the skyscrapers. The focus is placed on life in the slums. The writer points out that the slums were dirty, crowded and an ideal breeding ground for disease.
From the Paper "The inner districts of Chicago from 1900-1930 demonstrated how cities in the in early 20th century were places of great contradictions. Industrialization brought economic prosperity and work but the living and the environmental conditions were terrible. The fact, that the living conditions within Chicago's inner districts were so terrible was depicted in 'The Jungle' by Upton Sinclair. For example, when the family was traveling on the train to their new home in the slums Sinclair states, down every side street they could see, it was the same,-never a hill and never a hollow, but always the same endless vista of ugly and dirty little wooden buildings."
Abstract In this article the writer discusses the inner districts of Chicago between the years 1900-1930. The major two works concerning this subject and period were used for this article. The first was the 'JUNGLE' by Upton Sinclair. The second work was regarding the gold coast and the slums. The writer looks at a number of social conditions within the area. "
From the Paper "Chicago like many American cities in the early twentieth century was a place of contrasts. It was a place where immigrants came to fulfill their dreams but often realized their worst nightmares. It was the place where some lived in luxury while others lived in grinding poverty. It was the place in which industrialization was driving economic growth while the environment was being degraded. Written accounts of this period in Chicago's history are relatively consistent in their depictions of life in Chicago. To prove this point two different works are examined."
Abstract This paper argues that there have been significant demographic, social and cultural changes in what was once Toronto's infamous Cabbagetown (now Regent Park) and that these changes have not been accompanied by similar changes in the realm of economic prosperity. In other words, Regent Park is poor today just as Cabbagetown was poor yesterday. The paper also looks at how the evolving neighborhood profile of Regent Park suggests that the city of Toronto has done a poor job of combating the socio-economic stratification that plagued the area generations ago.
From the Paper "To begin with, Toronto's Cabbage-town district has historically always been fairly poor. To wit, in the late nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries, the neighborhood was possibly the poorest in all of Toronto - so much so, in fact, that much of the original cabbagetown was razed in the 1940s to make way for Regent Park housing project. To continue momentarily with the image of historic Cabbagetown being a place of poverty and austerity, it is generally maintained that the old neighborhood gained the monicker, "Cabbagetown," because of the popular late-nineteenth century belief that the poor Irish and Macedonian immigrants who constituted the majority of the local inhabitants could only afford to eat the cabbage they grew in their front yards (Old Cabbagetown BIA, para.4 and 6). Needless to say, Cabbagetown was a stark manifestation of the socio-economic segregation and reification that consumed Toronto - and most, if not all, other North American cities - during the industrial age."
Abstract This paper examines the issue of universal preschool, especially as it pertains to the state of Illinois. The paper takes a look at the history of the universal preschool movement across the country, at large, and the current movement toward universal preschool in Illinois, in particular.
Background
What is Universal Preschool
The History of the Universal Preschool Movement
Current Research in the Universal Preschool Issue
Arguments in Favor of Universal Preschool
Arguments Against Universal Preschool
Why Has There Been Such an Increase in the Interest in Universal
Current Research in the Universal Preschool Issue
Arguments in Favor of Universal Preschool
Arguments Against Universal Preschool
Why Has There Been Such an Increase in the Interest in Universal
Preschool
The State of Universal Preschool in the United States Today
Current Universal Preschool Initiatives
The Perry Preschool
The Carolina Abecedarian project
The Quest for Universal Preschool Illinois The Work that has Already Been Done
The Work that is Currently Being Done
The Cost of Universal Preschool in Illinois The Quest for Universal Preschool Illinois The Work that has Already Been Done
The Work that is Currently Being Done
The Cost of Universal Preschool in Illinois Illinois State Legislators
Senators
State Representatives
Likert Scale for Identifying State Legislators to Target for Universal Preschool Support
From the Paper "Universal pre-school is what happens when a state implements a state-wide pre-school system in the public schools. This means that all parents in the state then have access to pre-school for their four-year-olds, and sometimes their three-year-olds, if they choose to send their child to pre-school. In a universal pre-school system, all school districts in the state are required by state law to include free pre-school programs as a part of their educational offerings. Those who advocate universal pre-schools do so in part because universal pre-school seamlessly melds child care and early childhood education."
Abstract The purpose of this work is to show whether or not Continental Illinois rescue and restructuring efforts were successful and if so, why. The paper also attempts to discover if the decision to restructure was justified and explains why or why not. Furthermore, this work attempts to discover to what extent did the OCC contribute to the management failing of Chairman and CEO, Mr. Roger E. Anderson and the management team of Continental Illinois and what short and long-term benefits were expected from appointing David Taylor as the new CEO and Edward Bottum as President in the run-up to the restructuring of Continental Illinois. Finally, the current status of Continental Illinois is is examined as well the main sectors of banking and how these sectors have changed since the collapse of Continental Illinois National Bank and Trust Company.
Introduction
Background and Overview of Continental
Results of the Method used by FDIC in the Rescue
Critics Opinion of the Open Bank Assistance
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper "Continental employed over 12,000 and held the approximate amount of $40 billion in assets. In May of 1984, at the time of near collapse the company had office in 14 states as well as 29 foreign countries with offices numbering 57. During the years 1976 and 1981 CCI experienced a jump in lending from $5 billion to over $14 billion with the company's total assets increasing from $21.5 billion to $45 billion with the loans-to-assets ration increasing from 57.9 percent to 68.8 percent between 1977 and 1981. The organizations return on assets stayed at 0.5 percent during the same time span and the return on equity was approximately 14.4 percent during those same years. (FDIC, 1997) The problems came under notice during 1982 when the Penn Square Bank, N.A. in Okalahoma City closed. The loans were underwritten poorly and it was clear that Continental had not used due diligence on the purchasing of the loans as well as Continental's loan portfolio beginning to experience problems specifically in the energy sector. It was reported by Continental in the second quarter of 1982 an amount of $1.3 billion in loans and assets that were 'nonperforming.'"
An overview of the debate regarding how House Bill 60 grants Illinois's undocumented immigrants the right to pay in-state tuition rates at the state's public colleges and universities.
Abstract This paper looks at how, on May 18, 2003, Illinois became the fifth state in the country to offer in-state tuition rates to illegal residents. It examines the legal basis of this controversial law and looks at its possible economic, social, and political and economic effects on the state of Illinois. The first part of the paper is a history and overview of House Bill 60. The next part then details the law's objectives and the number of students who stand to benefit in Illinois. It shows how, despite its objectives, this controversial law has generated spirited criticism, and it examines the various objections, which include debates regarding the legality of the law and the economic effects of this law on Illinois taxpayers.
Outline
History of House Bill 60
Overview and Objectives
Critics of the Measure
Benefits of House Bill 60
Beyond House Bill 60
Conclusion
From the Paper "Much of the opposition centers how these laws will limit opportunities for United States citizens and legal residents. For many low-income American families, state universities present the only option for higher education. Because many state universities are already limiting enrollment, groups like the Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR) contend that "when public universities admit an illegal immigrant and provide subsidized tuition, some other student who is also deserving is denied an opportunity" (FAIR Issue Brief). These alien students, in effect, will gain an education at the expense of legal American residents or citizens."
