Abstract This paper examines the issue of universal preschool, especially as it pertains to the state of Illinois. The paper takes a look at the history of the universal preschool movement across the country, at large, and the current movement toward universal preschool in Illinois, in particular.
Background
What is Universal Preschool
The History of the Universal Preschool Movement
Current Research in the Universal Preschool Issue
Arguments in Favor of Universal Preschool
Arguments Against Universal Preschool
Why Has There Been Such an Increase in the Interest in Universal
Current Research in the Universal Preschool Issue
Arguments in Favor of Universal Preschool
Arguments Against Universal Preschool
Why Has There Been Such an Increase in the Interest in Universal
Preschool
The State of Universal Preschool in the United States Today
Current Universal Preschool Initiatives
The Perry Preschool
The Carolina Abecedarian project
The Quest for Universal Preschool Illinois The Work that has Already Been Done
The Work that is Currently Being Done
The Cost of Universal Preschool in Illinois The Quest for Universal Preschool Illinois The Work that has Already Been Done
The Work that is Currently Being Done
The Cost of Universal Preschool in Illinois Illinois State Legislators
Senators
State Representatives
Likert Scale for Identifying State Legislators to Target for Universal Preschool Support
From the Paper "Universal pre-school is what happens when a state implements a state-wide pre-school system in the public schools. This means that all parents in the state then have access to pre-school for their four-year-olds, and sometimes their three-year-olds, if they choose to send their child to pre-school. In a universal pre-school system, all school districts in the state are required by state law to include free pre-school programs as a part of their educational offerings. Those who advocate universal pre-schools do so in part because universal pre-school seamlessly melds child care and early childhood education."
Abstract The purpose of this work is to show whether or not Continental Illinois rescue and restructuring efforts were successful and if so, why. The paper also attempts to discover if the decision to restructure was justified and explains why or why not. Furthermore, this work attempts to discover to what extent did the OCC contribute to the management failing of Chairman and CEO, Mr. Roger E. Anderson and the management team of Continental Illinois and what short and long-term benefits were expected from appointing David Taylor as the new CEO and Edward Bottum as President in the run-up to the restructuring of Continental Illinois. Finally, the current status of Continental Illinois is is examined as well the main sectors of banking and how these sectors have changed since the collapse of Continental Illinois National Bank and Trust Company.
Introduction
Background and Overview of Continental
Results of the Method used by FDIC in the Rescue
Critics Opinion of the Open Bank Assistance
Summary and Conclusion
From the Paper "Continental employed over 12,000 and held the approximate amount of $40 billion in assets. In May of 1984, at the time of near collapse the company had office in 14 states as well as 29 foreign countries with offices numbering 57. During the years 1976 and 1981 CCI experienced a jump in lending from $5 billion to over $14 billion with the company's total assets increasing from $21.5 billion to $45 billion with the loans-to-assets ration increasing from 57.9 percent to 68.8 percent between 1977 and 1981. The organizations return on assets stayed at 0.5 percent during the same time span and the return on equity was approximately 14.4 percent during those same years. (FDIC, 1997) The problems came under notice during 1982 when the Penn Square Bank, N.A. in Okalahoma City closed. The loans were underwritten poorly and it was clear that Continental had not used due diligence on the purchasing of the loans as well as Continental's loan portfolio beginning to experience problems specifically in the energy sector. It was reported by Continental in the second quarter of 1982 an amount of $1.3 billion in loans and assets that were 'nonperforming.'"
An overview of the debate regarding how House Bill 60 grants Illinois's undocumented immigrants the right to pay in-state tuition rates at the state's public colleges and universities.
Abstract This paper looks at how, on May 18, 2003, Illinois became the fifth state in the country to offer in-state tuition rates to illegal residents. It examines the legal basis of this controversial law and looks at its possible economic, social, and political and economic effects on the state of Illinois. The first part of the paper is a history and overview of House Bill 60. The next part then details the law's objectives and the number of students who stand to benefit in Illinois. It shows how, despite its objectives, this controversial law has generated spirited criticism, and it examines the various objections, which include debates regarding the legality of the law and the economic effects of this law on Illinois taxpayers.
Outline
History of House Bill 60
Overview and Objectives
Critics of the Measure
Benefits of House Bill 60
Beyond House Bill 60
Conclusion
From the Paper "Much of the opposition centers how these laws will limit opportunities for United States citizens and legal residents. For many low-income American families, state universities present the only option for higher education. Because many state universities are already limiting enrollment, groups like the Federation for American Immigration Reform (FAIR) contend that "when public universities admit an illegal immigrant and provide subsidized tuition, some other student who is also deserving is denied an opportunity" (FAIR Issue Brief). These alien students, in effect, will gain an education at the expense of legal American residents or citizens."
This paper relates the history and function of the Illinois Association of Park Districts (IAPD) and other agencies relating to parks, recreation, and wildlife conservation.
Abstract This paper relates that the Illinois Association of Park Districts (IAPD)
was founded as the Illinois Association of Conservation and Park Districts 75 years ago to establish and protection parks and to conserve wildlife. The author points out that the historic "Park Law Codification Bill", signed in 1951, combines all the various laws pertaining to the issues of park conservatism into one single section of the state law. The paper relates that, today, each of the more than 40 park districts, forests, and conservation parks in the state of Illinois has a police force to patrol, routinely enforcing laws regarding recreation, hunting, and boating, and especially the use of drugs and alcohol.
From the Paper "The DNR or the Illinois Department of Natural Resources states that its mission is to protect and manage and to conserve the various natural resources that the state of Illinois can very proudly boast of, and to provide those recreational opportunities to interested people that would not harm or spoil these natural resources in any manner. The Educational Department of the DNR was launched in the year 1995, with the primary aim of the development of educational methods and of the training methods involved in the conservation of natural resources of Illinois. It also was to provide hands on training for those persons wanting to indulge in the various outdoor activities that Illinois offers, such as snowmobiling, boating and hunting methods."
Abstract This paper explains why Illinois General Assembly Bill HB0759 was proposed, who championed the bill and what changes have been made to this piece of legislation. The paper is of the opinion that this bill is an exemplary one insofar as it seeks to protect the most vulnerable members of Illinois society.
From the Paper "Naturally enough, it is vital that any reader have a solid understanding of just what bill HB0759 entails. For one thing, the original bill, as introduced, amends the state Children and Family Services Act by providing that every eligible child with a diagnosis of a mental illness shall receive mental health services. More specifically, the bill calls for the state Department of Child and Family Services (DCFS) to assess each mental health community network in the State to ascertain what needs to be done in order for each network to provide appropriate mental health services for vulnerable children. At the same time, the bill mandates that the Department of Child and Family Services (DCFS) must submit a report detailing the department's assessment of the health community networks as well as a plan outlining the identified needs; this plan must be submitted to the Governor and to the General Assembly."
Abstract This paper focuses on the types of instruments, data and instructional strategies available to raise the students' scores in reading on the Illinois standard achievement test and the standardized testing the state requires of all students. The writer believes that standardized testing should not be abolished but rather that it measure what the students are actually learning. The Wilson School in Chicago Heights, Illinois, is used as an example of the standardized testing issues faced by this state and its children. The writer recommends adjusting the testing program to meet five goals, which are much more important for students than their specific scores on a test.
From the Paper "The third grade students have been the focus group tested by the state in reading on the ISAT for years. The existing data records for 1999-2001 show the percentage of students at the local (Wilson School), state, and district levels who have failed to meet the state standards in reading at the third-grade level. Data for the third-grade teachers at Wilson can also be found through their university transcripts and professional development records kept in the central office files."
Abstract This paper presents a detailed discussion about the book "Sugar Creek: Life on the Illinois Prairie" and its main points. It also critiques a review of the book and presents several points that were lacking in the opinion of this paper's author.
Abstract This paper describes the contentious issue in the state of Illinois regarding firearms, their possession and use and what constitutes the unlawful use of a firearm.
From the Paper "And what constitutes unlawful use of a firearm? Certainly one of the most common acts associated with gun violence is murder (intent to kill). If a person uses a gun to intentionally kill another human being and no justification (e.g., self-defense), excuse (e.g., insanity), or mitigating circumstance (e.g., sudden heat of passion) is involved, he has acted with malice aforethought ? a social harm prohibited by the offense with either of two mental states: (1) intent to commit the social harm; or (2) recklessness in committing the social harm. As may be observed from this definition, the term ordinarily is not employed in its popular, non-legal sense as meaning "ill-will" or "spite." In this case, the unjustly intent to kill or intent to cause great bodily harm which resulted in a death would impel the unlawfulness of using a gun. Although in 1976 the U.S. Supreme Court reasoned that the death penalty for such murders is constitutional, both the U.S. and state Constitution require that the procedures used to determine who will be executed be fair. The death penalty is not permitted unless the state can prove beyond a reasonable doubt the existence of one or more "aggravating circumstances" ? facts beyond those necessary to prove first-degree murder that "reasonably justify the imposition of the more severe sentence on the defendant compared to others found guilty of murder.""
Abstract This paper discusses the case of Escobedo v. Illinois in which a young Mexican-American male was arrested and denied the right to speak with his attorney during the interrogation process. The man was convicted of the crime of murder, and that decision was overturned by the Supreme Court. It looks at how it set a precedence for society and for the criminal justice system by contending that all individuals have the right to request an attorney at any time during their arrest process and that attorney must be provided to them.
From the Paper "The case of Escobedo v. Illinois, (1964) involved the criminal prosecution of Danny Escobedo, a 22-year-old Mexican-American male. Escobedo was arrested the day after his brother-in-law was fatally shot. When interrogation by the arresting officers began, Escobedo requested an attorney. However, the officers refused to allow Escobedo to speak with his attorney, who was in the building, and who was waiting to speak with Escobedo (Rosen, 1972, p. 205). The interrogation continued, and finally, after several hours of police insistence that Escobedo was guilty, he was coerced into saying that he had committed the crime. Based on this evidence alone, Escobedo was convicted. His attorney appealed the conviction through the Illinois Supreme Court, yet, that court upheld the conviction (Rosen, 1972, p. 205). "
Abstract The paper reviews two case studies; "Truancy, Delinquency, Prison: Can Schools Break This Cycle" by Ginger Wheeler and "Student Attendance: Research and Strategies" by H. Johnston. The paper compares and contrasts the research and conclusions set forth in the two articles relating to truancy in the state of Illinois. The paper discusses how both of these works report genuine efforts in regaining the interest of the students who have not attended school.
Outline:
Objective
Introduction
"Student Attendance: Research and Strategies" (Johnston, 2005)
"Truancy, delinquency, prison: Can Schools break this cycle"
Summary
Conclusion
From the Paper "In this first case study under review, truancy in the state of Illinois is focused upon and the research is conducted with the primary objective of attempting to understand the reasons that students who do not attend school fail to attend. The question asked in this study is: "What are the characteristics of successful student's attendance programs for the high school?" (Johnston, 2005) This work relates that strategies for increasing the attendance of students are generally placed into several categories, which often are known to overlap."
Abstract This paper relates that the Illinois Children's Mental Health Act of 2003 creates legislative policy stipulating that a mental health plan, which includes intervention and prevention, will be developed in the state for all children from the age of birth to 18. The author points out that the state desires to implement social education relating to mental health care to change attitudes negatively impacting children with mental problems. The paper concludes that the policy process is a long and extensive venture and that it takes a great deal of commitment to the policy's ideas in order to realize its goals. The author stresses that, when creating policy, the initiators must continue to work with the issues until they have been implemented because, when others take control of the plans, the policy will be altered in a manner that was not intended.
From the Paper "The inclusion of the focus on academic achievement and the Illinois education system in the Act may indicate that there is a hidden agenda connected to the legislation. As stipulated in the Act there is a concern that the mental illness of students adversely affects their "academic readiness and school success." While there is no doubt that all Americans desire their children to be considered high academic achievers, it should also be considered that, under the federal No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), school districts are required to ensure that students can pass standardized tests in order for the schools to remain operational."
Abstract This paper tells the story of the Donner Party's attempted trek from Illinois to California in 1846-1847. The author uses George Rippey Stewart's book, "Ordeal by Hunger: The Story of the Donner Party," to tell the story of the one of the many ill-fated attempts follow that generation's dream of moving westward. The book tells a riveting tale of some of America's earliest pioneers, and the hardships they faced.
From the Paper "We see in the story of the Donner Party stupidity and courage, an inappropriate faith among some of the party in the rightness of their own course, and a willingness by others to put the needs and wisdom of others before their own. Certainly part of the reason that this story remains so compelling for us today is its lurid details (for some reason, cannibalism always seems to help sell books). But the ways in which people respond to tragedy and great challenges also makes for compelling stories, and this book is such an enjoyable one because it focuses on the latter rather than the former."
Tags:illinois, california, utah, tragedy, human, dream, westward, american, donner, party
Abstract Details & analyzes steps that a citizen vs. an Illinois welfare department may take in connection with the threaatened termination of his benefits. Temporary Assistance for Needy Families Program (TANP). Procedural due process issues. Public policy issues. Cites legal cases & statutes. Table of Authorities. Makes recommendations.
From the Paper "This legal memorandum details and analyzes the steps which Jimmy Gaines ("Gaines") may take against the Carmi, Illinois welfare department in connection with the threatened termination of his benefits under the Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) program and to prepare for the forthcoming hearing. It also discusses the public policy issues involved.
Procedural Due Process Issues
Under the Fifth Amendment of the United States Constitution which is applicable to the states and localities under the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, no State "shall deprive any person of life, liberty, or property without due process of law."
Was Gaines given adequate notice of the pending hearing? The..."
An examination of the challenges presented by "NLRB vs. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp." to the political, economic, and legal philosophies developed from "Munn vs. Illinois" and "Lochner vs. New York".
Abstract This paper provides a background and overview of the cases involved, followed by an examination of how the legal consciousness of "NLRB vs. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp." challenged the court's previous positions as exemplified in "Munn vs. Illinois" and "Lochner vs. New York." A summary of the research is provided in the conclusion.
From the Paper "In NLRB vs. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp., Chief Justice Hughes delivered the opinion of the Court. The NLRB had determined Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp. ("Jones") violated the National Labor Relations Act of 1935 by firing employees at its Aliquippa, Pennsylvania plant who had engaged in union activities. It ordered reinstatement and other relief. The court of appeals refused to enforce the Supreme Court's orders because it maintained the matter was not subject to federal jurisdiction. The Supreme Court reversed. The legal question in this case was whether the labor matter was in fact subject to federal intervention, with the ultimate decision being it was."
