Abstract
The paper relates that one of the most prominent themes in the field of media studies concerns how mass media interests attempt to direct and shape public opinion through advertising. The paper notes that while research in this area is often fascinating, focusing on the subtle complexities of marketing to a media-sophisticated and saturated society, it may be argued that this is only one part of a much larger and more significant issue: how the corporate-controlled mass media shapes public ideology itself. This paper proposes to approach this research question through study of academic research on the concept of ideology, with particular reference to the mass media and corporate capitalism. While politics will necessarily be discussed, the focus here is nonetheless on the broader scope of ideology rather than a narrow political frame. As is seen, while Western political parties such as Liberals and Conservatives or Democrats and Republicans may have political differences, all partake of the ideology of free market corporate capitalism. To borrow a concept from the American theorist Noam Chomsky, corporate capitalism - through its control over the mass media - is effectively "manufacturing consent" for its ideological hegemony over Western societies.

From the Paper
"One of the most prominent themes in the field of media studies concerns how mass media interests attempt to direct and shape public opinion through advertising. While research in this area is often fascinating, focusing on the subtle complexities of marketing to a media-sophisticated and saturated society, it may be argued that this is only one part of a much larger and more significant issue: how the corporate-controlled mass media shapes public ideology itself. This paper proposes to approach this research question through study of academic research on the concept of..."

Tags:media, ideology, culture

Abstract
The paper presents the question of what ideology will best suit China's leaders and citizens in a system in transition that will facilitate China's development in a stable manner. The paper explains that this is a complex question given that the ideology that may best suit China's leaders is not necessarily the same as the one that will best suit its people. This essay thus attempts to answer the question by describing what would be the best ideology for China for the immediate future and the probable ideology given China's current history.

Tags:china, ideology, future

Abstract
The paper looks at how Landstreet (2007) places ideology among macro-level basic concepts together with institutional system, culture and society. The paper discusses how ideology can be defined as a complex system of norms, values and beliefs relating to human life and the society. The paper explains that beliefs are ideological ideas that a person takes to be true, norms guide our behaviour (what we should or should not do) while values refer to the ideas about what is good. The paper then explains that logically connected, a system of norms, values and beliefs produces an ideology.

From the Paper
"Landstreet (2007) places ideology among macro-level basic concepts together with institutional system, culture and society. Ideology can be defined as a complex system of norms, values and believes relating to human life and the society. Beliefs are ideological ideas that a person takes to be true. Norms guide our behaviour (what we should or should not do) while values refer to the ideas about what is good. Logically connected system of norms, values and believes produces an ideology. We can distinguish several types of ideologies. Thus we talk about political..."

Tags:ideology, menas of production, modes of production

Abstract
This paper discusses the striking internal contradictions that define contemporary China, which are based on conflicting ideologies. This essay focuses on "ideology" as an element of change in China today to highlight the nature of the challenge facing a country with a surging economy and a geriatric political structure supported by a decayed ideology.

From the Paper
"In the early 21st century, the narrative of the incredible economic growth and development of China in recent decades is well known. However, as yet it remains unclear how the narrative will end; due, in large measure, to the striking internal contradictions that define contemporary China. This essay will focus on "ideology" as an element of change in China today to..."

Tags:china, ideology, today

Abstract
The paper contends that Karl Marx was one of the most innovative and original thinkers who has ever lived and that it certainly shows in this book. The paper describes how Marx sets out to critique German ideology and along with this, German thinkers. The paper depicts how Marx castigates German ideology most severely, essentially accusing it of being divorced from reality.

From the Paper
"Karl Marx was one of the most innovative and original thinkers who has ever lived and it certainly shows in this book. Marx sets out to critique German ideology and along with this, German thinkers. He castigates German ideology most severely, essentially accusing it of being divorced from reality. In the course of this critique, he puts forward his own, materialist philosophy of the world. He contrasts his own ideas (which he assumes are entirely correct) with the German ideas (which he assumes are entirely erroneous)."

Tags:marx, german, ideology

Abstract
The paradox of the concept "ideology" is that it is, at one and the same time, both valueless as a descriptive term and of essential importance to any discussion of politics. This essay will explore this paradoxical aspect of the concept of "ideology" in order to illustrate how the concept functions in political and cultural analysis in a modern context.

Tags:central, ideology, politics

Abstract
This paper traces an American ideology of education for future employability and looks at curriculae shaped by technocratic approaches to the needs of capitalism with the school as the place these should be fulfilled. The paper makes reference to 1990s thinking that has not subsided, that was part of a national approach to educational reform. The paper contends that human capital is a commodity that schools are to improve.

From the Paper
"The ideology of education in the Province of Ontario seems increasingly geared to a model stressing the development of human capital, as opposed to human beings. Although one sees much reference to an educational system devoted to removing ethno-racial or gender divisions, or educating the whole child, there is now a very strong emphasis on producing persons who are suited to the workforce. This is in keeping with the influential post-World War II theorist, Theodore W. Schultz's notion of producing individuals who could earn and otherwise be productive members of society."

Tags:ed. ideology, ontario, capitalism

Abstract
The paper looks at China today and examines what kind of ideology will best suit Chinese leaders and citizens in a system of transition on the road to some form of globally integrated and pluralistic system. The essay argues that Confucianism and democracy are the best option. The paper explains that the first is traditional in the Chinese society and the second could help solve many of the country's problems.

From the Paper
"Since the early 1980s China saw a unique transformation from an isolated rural country to urbanized, stable and quite open country. This turn in the Chinese economy and politics started soon after Mao's death and Deng Xiaoping's return to power. Deng, assisted by the survivors of the Long March, started the big reformation of the Chinese system. This reform era began with a shift in the political climate. Deng and other reformists wanted to move the policy of the Chinese Communist Party from ideological to pragmatic. The country was devastated by Mao's Cultural Revolution and the Great Leap Forward as well as by Mao's totalitarian regime."

Tags:china, democracy, ideology

Abstract
The paper explains that it is doubtful, given China's history of the past centuries as well as its more recent history under communism since 1949, that nationalism can form the basis of a new, legitimizing ideology. The paper describes Nationalism as a European concept that evolved over centuries with the appearance of the nation-state in Europe. The paper clarifies that nationalism is not simply patriotism, or a sense of shared cultural or linguistic identities. Rather, it is a complex array of responses to the nation-state and to a community of collective memory that a people take pride in and which they feel distinguishes them from others.

Tags:china, ideology, social

Abstract
This paper explains that Richard Lewontin in his book "Biology as Ideology: The Doctrine of DNA" presents a view of science that challenges the popular conception of science as a methodical quest for objective knowledge, which exists outside of the political and social structures of human society. The author points out that the book, which is based on Lewontin's lectures for the 1990 Massey Lectures, focuses on Lewontin's area of scientific specialty biology with a particular emphasis on genetics. The paper relates that the book's component chapters each address and subvert popular myths of science that, for many people, render its practices and practitioners beyond the realm of social and political thought.

From the Paper
"Richard Lewontin, in his book Biology as Ideology: The Doctrine of DNA, presents a view of science that challenges the popular conception of science as an methodical quest for objective knowledge that exists outside of the political and social structures of human society. This book, based on Lewontin's lectures for the 1990 Massey Lectures, focuses on Lewontin's area of scientific specialty: biology, with a particular emphasis on genetics. The book's component chapters each address, and subvert, popular myths of science that - for many people - render its practices and practitioners beyond the realm of social and political thought."

Tags:biology, ideology, science