Abstract This article addresses the issue of major changes and challenges that marketing may be expected to face in the 21stcentury. The writer questions whether customers will become homogeneous. In this paper, the writer discusses whether customers will still expect to receive targeted marketing that is directed at their specific needs.
From the Paper "The marketing function will face a number of challenges in the 21st century. One only needs to consider the dramatic changes that occurred in the 20th century to imagine what might occur in this century. For example the 20th century saw the first powered flight, a rapid increase in world population, great leaps forward in the area of medicine and healthcare, the introduction of electricity into most households in developed countries, the invention of radio and television, the rise of technology combined with the birth of ..."
Abstract This paper discusses West Virginia's framework for 21stcentury schools. It particularly looks at the importance of leadership skills, such as visionary leadership, relational leadership, systems leadership, reflective leadership and collaborative leadership. It suggests that applying these leadership approaches while implementing West Virginia's framework for 21stcentury schools is essential if today's educators are to establish classroom environments conducive to effective, goal-oriented learning.
From the Paper "The culture of 21st Century schools should be based on setting and meeting high standards for staff and students. These high standards can be achieved through staff demonstrating professionalism in their dress, their use of language, and their demeanor, as well as the manner
in which they interact with students and other staff. This process involves defining, supporting, and implementing a collaborative school improvement process "that is data-driven and targets improved results for students," and requires effective leadership from principals, who are responsible for providing learning leadership "by orchestrating activities of the school toward students learning and developing a spirit of unity and trust." (WVDE)"
Abstract This essay is in the form of a letter to the Commissioners who authored the Canadian Democracy and Corporate Accountability Commission's (2002) report on Corporate Profits and Responsibility in the 21stCentury. The letter makes recommendations with regards to the role of the government (referencing points 12, 10, 17 & 20 of the Report). The essay concludes with alternative suggestions for describing the role of the government and issues of corporate responsibility. 10 pgs. 1 source.
Abstract According to recent reports, supplying enough energy on a reliable basis at prices that will not cripple the global economic growth has become a challenge with consequences that are difficult to predict. The paper shows that, although this will provide new opportunities for oil and gas companies, pipelines, generators, utilities and others in the energy business, it also carries serious risks. The paper shows that the demand for energy is growing, not only in the developed economies of Europe, Japan and North American, but in developing countries as well. In fact, the fastest demand growth is in China and other emerging markets, thus from one side of the globe to the other, societies are needing and demanding more fuel. The paper examines how the world is able to deal with increased energy demands in the 21stcentury.
From the Paper "There is no avoiding the fact that the success of globalization is underscored by dramatic increases in consumption, and with increased consumption comes environmental degradation (Marber pp). Current and projected damage to the environment can impede economic progress, and climatic changes attributed to greenhouse gas emissions and pressure on natural resources have become serious problems (Marber pp). Resource scarcity is an issue the world will have to confront as two to three billion more people consume like middle class Americans over the next fifty years (Marber pp)."
Abstract The paper discusses how the Oedipus-type of story would relate to the 21stcentury.
From the Paper "The idea of the Oedipus complex has so far passed into common language that many people may use the term without knowing much about what it means, still less what its source is. Thus there is a problem in determining whether or to what extent Oedipal theory could resonate in st-century narratives. Two texts are key, "Oedipus Tyrannus" a play by Sophocles and Freud's "Interpretation of Dreams."
Abstract This paper provides an overview of the definitions, conditions and various physical, as well as psychological, social and cultural aspects of ageing in the 21stCentury. The paper focuses not only on the psychological aspects of ageing but is more holistic in its approach and views the interrelationship between physical and biological ageing and social and demographic aspects in the contemporary world. The paper concludes by providing an outline and suggestions related to the various components of ageing well.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Brief Literature Overview
Methodology
Section One. Components Of Aging
What Is Ageing: Definitions Of Senescence, Views And Demographics
Defining Ageing: The Relationship Between Individual And Social Ageing
Demographics
How And Why We Age
Causative Facets And Theories In Senescence Or Ageing
Evolutionary Theories And Longevity
Cellular Senescence
Ageing And Chemical Damage
Contemporary Theoretical Stances
The Biological Aspects Of Ageing
The Effects Of Biological Ageing On The Body
Memory And Cognitive Decline
Major Health Concerns Of The Aged.
Dementia And Alzheimer's Disease
Arthritis
Cancer
COPD And Asthma
Coronary Heart Disease
Diabetes And Osteoporosis
HTN And Stroke
Thyroid Problems
Glaucoma
Gender Specific Health Issues
Women's Health Problems
Menopause
Uterine Problems
Male Health Issues
Mental Problems
Section Two. The Social Components Of Ageing
Social Aspects
The Social Needs Of The Elderly
The Importance Of Family
Care Of The Elderly
Living Arrangements
Informal Caregiving
Section Three: Components Of Aging Well
Introduction
Physical Components Of Ageing Well
Nutrition
Avoiding Alcohol And Smoking
Exercises For The Elderly
Intellectual Activities And Attitude
Volunteerism And Personal Development
Anti-Ageing Medicine And Lifestyle
Social Aspects Of Ageing Well
The Importance Of Family And Home Care
Religion And Faith As Factors In Ageing Well
Religion And Social Support
Conclusion
From the Paper "Furthermore, the family is the social institution that "continues to provide most care and supportive services to their older members." (Informal Caregiving) Family structures in society are estimated to account for about 80 percent of all elderly care in industrialized societies. (Informal Caregiving) This form of care can include short term care after illness or surgery as well as long term assistance when an elderly person is disabled or ill for long periods of time. The type of essential care that family members provide includes "...direct services (grocery shopping, transportation to doctors), the purchase of services (housecleaning, nursing services) and the management of services (coordinating and overseeing medical/rehabilitative care) as well as emotional and social support." (Informal Caregiving)"
Abstract This paper traces the history of human resource management leading to the modern day. It examines the difficulties and challenges which are faced in this profession as well as the conveniences which are experienced due to breakthroughs in technology.
From the paper:
"In today's ever-changing business world Human Resource management is an integral part of a companies success or failure. Human Resources departments ?balance the demands of several different roles: business partner, internal consultant, operational and administrative expert and both employee and employer advocate.? (Brown, 1998, para 8)
"The modern ideas of HR management have their roots in early 20th century theorem and New Age innovation. The managing of people, as a resource vs. just personnel is an improvement pioneered in the latter half of the past century. Differing schools of thought exist on the best way to achieve HR enlightenment. Some value structures while others take a more free form approach. Whatever the dogma, the ultimate desired end result is a competitive advantage over the competition and staying power in a volatile business environment."
Abstract This paper presents a look at two of the main challenges that are going to face businesses in the 21stcentury. The author takes the reader on a tour of possible challenges and details why they will occur and what might be done about them. The paper discussed the impact that is likely to happen to organizational structure as well as management practices.
From the Paper "Business has been around since the beginning of time. As the world has evolved so have the businesses. Each time technology moves us a bit further along on the time line of history we move the ways we do business to accommodate the changes. The technological boom of the last three decades however, has provided us with means that we never dreamed possible. While this is a positive change for many areas of business it is also a challenge as we move into the 21st century. There are two essential challenges that will occur going into the next century and the management practices and organizational. Structure will have to change to accommodate them. The advent of the Internet as well as telecommuting is both relatively new business components. Each of them has advantages as long as business management and organizational structure change with them."
A study on the process of administering the law in the twenty-first century by comparing the concepts of Joachim Friedrich, Herman Finer and Max Weber.
Abstract This paper compares the concepts of Joachim Friedrich, Herman Finer and Max Weber on the process of administering the law. The author states a country that is well administrated by quality administrators will have a deep morality instilled in these workers to understand, evaluate and properly execute the laws. It argues that the secret to 21stcentury administrative responsibility is a true sense of morality that is instituted alongside the very laws of the land.
From the Paper "However, policies are meaningless without proper administration of those policies. That is why, in the eyes of Joachim Friedrich, Herman Finer and Max Weber, the process of administering the law is actually more crucial than the process of creating it: Implementation is more important than legislation. Indeed, legislation's primary and initial focus should be to create proper administrative bodies and give them the tools to bring the goals of policy legislation to fruition."
Abstract This paper examines how the Holocaust has been a central event in shaping identity for survivors and their children, as well as in some ways the identities of other 20th century and 21stcentury Jews, creating for some at least a sense of identity that is almost ethnocentric. It compares the identity of those Jews living in the "Diaspora" with those living in the State of Israel.
From the Paper "Much about Jewish identity has been changed forever as a result of the Holocaust. One of these fundamental changes has been the fact that Judaism has become a non-European religion; its three major centers (which together include more than three-fourths of world Jewry) are Israel, the Slavic region of the former Soviet Union, and the United States. (Although Jews constitute only a small fraction of the population of the United States, Judaism occupies a role far surpassing its numerical importance and is regarded with Roman Catholicism and Protestantism as one of the major American faiths.) To be Jew in the post-Holocaust world is thus to have to incorporate into one's sense of identity the sense of being part of a people scattered irrevocably far from one's homeland (Hartmen, 2000, p. 38). Thus, even for those who are secular in their beliefs and who have (for example) no idea of ever living anywhere but in California, there is the abiding sense of being part of a Diaspora, of being part of a people defined by the broken apart and sent in to exile."
Abstract The paper compares and contrasts Stuart Hall's essays "The Global and the Local: Globalization and Ethnicity" and "Old and New Identities, Old and New Ethnicities" with Thomas Erikson's "How can the Global be Local? Islam, the West and the Globalization of Identity Politics". The paper argues that while all three essays are written from a left-liberal perspective, the critical difference between the two writers and their theoretical models lies in how radically the challenge of Islam to postmodernity has transformed our understanding of ethnic identity in a globalized context.
From the Paper "In "The Global and the Local" and "Old and New Identities, Old and New Ethnicities" Stuart Hall argues strongly that the local identities that defined societies up to the 1990s were collapsing under the pressures of globalization and the pre-eminence of multiculturalism. Hall contends that the culture movements of the late 1990s were dominated by the cultural hybridity among the increasingly multicultural populations of the globalized world (Hall "Local and Global" 38-39). In "Old and New Identities, Old and New Ethnicities," Hall expands upon this concept in arguing that what he terms the "great collective social identities" may continue to exist but no longer define who we are - give us the "code of identity" in Hall's words - in the modern world (Hall "Old and New Identities" 45)."
This paper uses two sources, "The Story of Noriko" and "Golden Arches East" to examine how the younger generations from Japan and China, standing between the traditional identity and the new identity, are reacting to new cultures and mindsets.
Abstract This paper demonstrates that the young generation from Japan and China has a mindset that is not quite similar to their parents? and traditional society's expectations, which often cause a great deal of conflicts between the young and the old. The author shows that in "The Story of Noriko" the traditional Japanese society is known to frown on the increase in the number of women pursuing a significant career goal, rather than minimal tasking individual, because the conservative and relatively older generations believe that women, especially young women, are not qualified to manage the responsibilities and tasks men perform. The author uses the book, "Golden Arches East: McDonald's in East Asia" to describe how the life style of Chinese customers, especially the younger generations, have changed as McDonald's has entered the local Chinese society. The author concludes that, when a new lifestyle or culture develops, the young generation creates a hybrid culture to accommodate living in the 21stCentury and traditional China or Japan.
From the Paper "In "The Story of Noriko", Noriko is a young woman who resides in Tokyo who is forced to encounter one of her dramatic real crisis. She is looking for a career where she can actually utilize her potentials instead of being just another Office Lady whose task is minimal and enduring without any chance of obtaining a significant position at a corporation. The traditional Japanese society is known to frown up on the increase in the number of women pursuing a significant career goal rather than minimal tasking individual, because the conservative and relatively old generations of the society believe that women, especially young women, are not qualified to manage the responsibilities and tasks men perform."
Abstract This paper analyzes "21stCentury, Dead Ahead" (Chief Randy R. Bruegman), an article which explores possibilities that may await the public in the 21stcentury and how the United States Fire Department will respond accordingly. The paper examines topics covered in the article, including an aging America, increases in social diversity, workforce, educational, and healthcare trends and infrastructure problems. The paper shows how Chief Bruegman concludes that the fire department will be forced to accommodate changes and deal with the growing numbers of elderly and minority populations which will result in internal and external changes of the fire department. The paper also includes an annotated bibliography.
From the Paper "Bruegman also reports that the population will consist of higher numbers of immigrants, minorities, and women in the work force; he substantiates this information with graphic representation of statistics. Although the supportive evidence is from appropriate and relevant sources (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics), information regarding the future remains predictive. He also states that education will need to be changed to prepare the young for increased needs for technical abilities. Krannich and Krannich (1998), considered experts in this arena, agree with these statements regarding minority and elderly groups in the work force and report that these changes will result in changes in the education system toward a focus on educating the young to meet new job requirements. Putnam, Spiegal, and Bruininks (1995), also state that America faces more cultural diversity in the future and that these changes will be reflected in the educational system. Bruegman concludes that the fire department will be forced to diversify along with the rest of society; this seems a logical conclusion, however it remains subjective and unverifiable."
