Abstract
This paper explains that IBM started in 1911 as the Tabulating Machine Company, which had the technology for Punch Card Tabulating Machine that used electric current passing through holes in a punched card to keep running totals. The paper states, in 1924, the name was changed to International Business and the company continued to grew because of many acquisition. The author points out that IBM is a company that is strongly influenced by the thinking of its top management and is very good at product development but not so good at marketing the product. The author feels that IBM cannot fight in this market because they are too big and overweight.

From the Paper
"Traditionally, IBM has been a turnkey solution provider, reselling PCs made by others under contract for them. This has always been a conservative company with a tradition of always being on the extreme right side of the law, paternalistic in the approach to employees. It is a good option when things are good for you, but when you are fighting in a highly competitive market can you be that slow? IBM is trapped in a market that is not to its advantage. In 2000, the chief of IBM pledged that restructuring of IBM's business will lead to more sales of new corporate hardware, but it was a failure in 2000. In the same interview, Gerstner said that its PC division has to be revamped. The company will have to cut costs on commercial desktops; otherwise the company cannot make money on these products. "This week has seen an event that hasn't happened in over a decade -- an IBM profits warning. Ten years ago, Big Blue was sinking fast and it was only the arrival of the now almost legendary Lou Gerstner into the CEO's chair that saved the company. Gerstner was always going to be hard act to follow; he managed to turn around the product oriented behemoth that IBM had become, into the e-business oriented, services giant that we know today.? IBM has revealed that the hard disk business has lost more than $500 million last year, and decided to sell off its business to Hitachi. This is expected to give IBM some $2 billion."

Tags:acquisition., punch, computer, process, product

Abstract
This paper begins with a brief description of the products developed and sold by the IBM company and continues with a look at the IT industry in which IBM is involved. It then launches into a corporate profile of IBM, describing its subsidiaries, its management, its mission statement and the products it sells. Additionally, the paper provides equity information about IBM and concludes with facts about the company for potential investors.

Table of Contents
Description of Company
Industry Description
Subsidiaries
Top Management
Mission Statement
Products and Markets
Equity Information
Conclusion

From the Paper
"IBM is often thought of as a computer company. The company is global and provides software, hardware, and all manner of computing products, as well as being involved in IT and other solutions, financing, and global initiatives. The company is based in the U.S. and is known to be a strong industry performer in the often-competitive technology field. "IBM provides information technology services, software, systems, products, financing and technological solutions, technology, and software and global financing. The global unit includes outsourcing contracts with the US Federal Government, consulting contracts and integrated technology services" ("International," 2005). The company is involved primarily in the information technology or IT industry, which is very dynamic."

Tags:competitive, domestically, globally, commerce, supplier, networked, systems, delivery, time

Abstract
This paper discusses IBM's innovative business strategy and its ability to reinvent and renew itself. A brief history of the company is presented, as well as its current position in the global computer market. The author also describes the strategies used by IBM to achieve this position and its focus on diverse activities. The future activities for IBM are discussed, including the major goals of its business model. The author concludes that IBM has set an example of development by reinventing itself in the 1990s, and changing its direction from hardware to software and consulting.

Outline:
Introduction
Brief history of IBM
Strategy IBM used to Build the Company
IBM Diverse Holdings
Future Outlook for IBM
Conclusions

From the Paper
"IBM's rebirth produced between 1990-1999, when the company's traditional mainframe business went through a series of major changes, as customers increased the focus on departmental and desktop computing (Wikipedia, 2007). As a consequence, in 1992 IBM launched the first Thinkpad laptop computer. However, the 1992 financial year ended with important losses for IBM. Given these losses, IBM strategists came up with a series of changes in its business activities. This is the time when IBM shifted its attention away from computers and hardware and towards software and services, by acquiring Lotus Development Corporation and creating the Software Group and expanding it to five brands: DB2, Lotus, WebSphere, Tivoli and Rational. "

Tags:International, Business, Machines, IBM, computers, multinational, corporations

Abstract
This paper provides an overview of International Business Machines (IBM), one of the oldest technology companies in the world and notes that the company traces its foundations back to 1880. The paper holds that IBM's goals have nearly always been associated with creating better and more efficient ways for businesses to run. IT has been the source of innovation and practice and often applies its own business practices to its development of new innovation. To conclude, the paper posits that IBM will most likely continue to be one of the most sought after brands for technological innovation and the development of new and more efficient ways to serve businesses.

From the Paper
"As the largest corporation of its kind, with both national and international divisions is account management policies are frequently used as a model for the development of innovation for other businesses. It is for this reason that the most fluid understanding of the account management policies of this organization come from its development of new and innovative ways in which to manage the accounts of others, through it software and hardware mix. The newest innovation in account management comes from the development of systems that create real time automated accounting. To see an example of how IBM has developed its own accounting, with the understanding that different locations and divisions manage accounting independently and then collectively according to policy one must look at a description of innovation technology. In short IBM uses its own technology to drive account management policy. IBM has stepped away from annual functions in nearly every way, which has aided the company in innovations that serve its consumer needs."

Tags:computer, technology, business, service

Abstract
This paper begins by providing a brief overview of IBM today and then moves to examine the company's early history and modest beginnings. It then looks at the way that the company expanded to become a computer company empire and then discusses the paradigm shift that occurred in IBM's business direction. The paper concludes with a look at the current market and what the future holds.

From the Paper
"International Business Machines better known as IBM is the world's leading provider of computer hardware. It is ranked very high in every field in which IBM chooses to compete making it the world's most admired and reliable producers of "desktop and notebook PCs, mainframes and servers, storage systems, and peripherals", among many other important products. (Fortune.com) IBM has been through a lot of turbulent times throughout its history. Its history has been marked with successes and failures. It was one of the world's largest personal computer manufacturers only to be displaced by giants such as HP and Dell. IBM is still one of the best-known American computer manufacturers in the world. It was founded by Thomas J. Watson and is also known as "Big Blue" after the color of its logo. "

Tags:international, machines, computer

Abstract
This paper provides a company profile of IBM's historical background and current business standings and practices. It also looks as the company's social policies, such as its environmental and philanthropic work. In the conclusion, this paper predicts that the emphasis on innovation which had carried IBM through the early 20th century will allow the company to remain competitive through the 21st century as well.

From the Paper
"The company was incorporated in 1911 as the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company in a merger of three smaller companies. After further acquisitions, it absorbed the International Business Machines Corporation in 1924 and assumed that company's name. Thomas Watson arrived that same year and began to build the floundering company into an industrial giant. IBM soon became the country's largest manufacturer of time clocks and punch-card tabulators. It also developed and marketed the first electric typewriter (Bradley).

By the middle of the century, IBM led such companies as National Cash Register and later Digital Equipment into the computer era. IBM soon became famous for its vaunted force of salesmen with white shirts and ties. IBM, led by Watson and later his son, Thomas Jr., also invested heavily in research (IBM Highlights, 1885-1969)."

Tags:digital, machine, international

Abstract
This paper examines how corporate America plays an integral role in contributing to the global economy and to the stability of the labor force. It provides research on International Business Machines (IBM) through an analysis of three categories; training and developing employees, benefits, and labor relations. It looks at how the company spends well over $750 million each year on training and development, offers its employees several types of benefits including healthcare, retirement, and disability compensation, and how the company provides workers with an open line of communication and various resources.

From the Paper
"The company also provides development programs for management and executives. The managerial development programs that IBM offers includes; basic blue, the role of the manager @ IBM, shades of blue and Edvisor. (Our People) The purpose of basic blue is to aid new managers in creating a good environment for employees. (Our People) The manager @ IBM plan places managers into global teams so that they can solve business problems as a collective unit. (Our People) The shades of blue plan is supposed to aid managers in understanding diversity amongst employees, so that they can manage them effectively. (Our People) Finally, Edvisor is a technology that aids managers in finding out what their weaknesses are and prescribes solutions to strengthen these weaknesses."

Tags:compensation, training, development, retirement, labor, relations

Abstract
This paper provides a thorough overview of the computer magnate company IBM. The paper is divided into three distinct parts with the corporate history constituting the beginning of the paper followed by the structure of the corporation, its shareholders, officers and the board of directors. The last part before the conclusion provides insider information pertaining to the financial status of International Business Machines Corporation.

From the Paper
"Entrepreneurs set up business ventures and assign people as well as invest heavily in order to reap massive benefits by selling their products and ideas. Where investment, sound financial stability, confidence, technical know-how and other factors play a significant role, it has been observed that working on and building trust is what it takes to establish a reputable name in the industry. Over the years since its inception, International Business Machines also referred to as IBM Corporation has successfully managed to gain the confidence of its consumers and the diverse clientele spread worldwide. However, it took the organization many years of immense work stress and relentless efforts to establish a name that is known for trust and quality that many of its competitors can only wish for. How IBM as corporation emerged and developed into what it is today can be discussed in the following section of this research paper in the light of the corporate history of International Business Machines."

Tags:computer, shareholder, director, finance

Abstract
This paper examines the history of International Business Machines (IBM) which began long before computers were introduced. It looks at how it was established in 1890 during the Industrial Revolution as the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company, which produced punched card data processing equipment. It traces its advancements over the years from its stability during the Great Depression of the 30s when the American economy suffered severed setbacks to its development of its first computer in 1952. It also discusses antitrust suits and the different changes in management and administration.

From the Paper
"In 1964, IBM launched System/360, the first large "family" computers that used interchangeable software and peripheral equipment, which enabled buyers to simply upgrade hardware parts, instead of buying a new system. It allowed a user to choose from five processors and 19 combinations of power, speed and memory. In the area of marketing, IBM also changed its marketing strategy by selling hardware, services and software separately instead of packaging them into one. This separation or segregation led to the multibillion-dollar software and services industries today, both in which IBM is the world leader at present."

Tags:industrial, revolution, computers, hardware, processors

Abstract
The paper focuses on the different aspects of human resources development inside International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) and briefly discusses the company's history. The paper analyzes IBM's individual human resource development at IBM, such as career and organizational development and performance management. The paper includes the presence of motivators, like incentives and competitive compensation packages for the employees, and the relationship between the management and employees. To effectively asses the human resource development inside IBM, the paper includes elements crucial to the improvement and transfer of knowledge and skills inside the company.

Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
Company History/Background
Individual Development
Employee Weaknesses/Strength
Learning Organizations
Employees' Individual Development through Learning Transfer
Career Development
Elements of Effective CD System
Benefits of CD
Within Organization
Organizations' Responsibility to CD
Employee Responsibility to CD
Integration of Organizational and Employee Responsibilities
Performance Management
Types of Appraisal Opportunities
Roles and Responsibilities in Performance Management
Critical Strategies for Improving Performance in Organizations
Organization Development
Goals and Objectives of OD
Value of OD
The OD Process
Change Agent
Roles of Practitioners
Learning Agents in the Corporation
Instructional Designers
Performance Engineers
Evaluation
Evaluation Philosophy and Practice
Evaluation of the Organizational Effectiveness Strategy
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Partnerships
Evaluating HRD Practice
Evaluating HRD Tools and Techniques
Validity, Reliability and Utility
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Human resource development in IBM has its good and bad points, and it is just a matter of learning where to focus, what to work on and which to develop. Human resource development, for example, aced in the field of employee retention and career development - "At IBM, point of entry is restricted to early career positions. An employee entering any given management group has an 80 percent chance of staying with IBM through retirement." HRD promotional strategy as well as HRD projects can be considered as both effective and ineffective, owing largely to the fact that IBM, like many multinational companies, is yet to unveil a perfect and foolproof plan for program and processes for the human resource development."

Tags:success, rate, discipline, measurement, contractual, error, working, conditions