Abstract
In this article, the writer discusses that while the ads, sometimes insultingly, portray women as empowered in terms of taking on so much of the general cleaning labor, the positioning of woman as the house-keeper remains unchanged. To explore this issue, the writer looks at a range of advertising for cleaning products, arguing that women continue to be portrayed in a limited manner and in fact are likely to be spending more time on cleaning as a result of social expectations for private spaces to be showcases.

From the Paper
"Despite the various successes of the women's movement over the past three decades, the dominant ideology of the patriarchy is visibly present in much of popular culture. Gender roles are often portrayed in a traditional nuclear-family format, whereby women are portrayed as being obsessed with house cleaning, constantly needing that next great product to manage the daily onslaught of dirt, grime, dust, and whatever general undesirable matter any given product cuts through. Moreover, women are the targeted demographic in these ads, which often go so far as to condescend their intelligence by often deeming them the higher being in the battle of the ..."

Tags:gender, housekeeping

Abstract
This paper discusses how advertisements, sometimes insultingly, portray women as empowered in terms of taking on so much of the general cleaning labor, but the positioning of woman as the house-keeper remains unchanged. To explore this issue, it looks at a range of advertising for cleaning products, arguing that women continue to be portrayed in a limited manner and in fact are likely to be spending more time on cleaning as a result of social expectations for private spaces to be showcases.

From the Paper
"For the most part, given most of these advertisements, it would seem that it is almost entirely up to women to deal with all of the grime in the kitchen, bathroom, laundry room, and anywhere else it may lurk. Whether it is an advertisement for Swiffer products, Tide laundry detergent, or the curious bathtub scouring substance known as Vim, women are consistently portrayed as the lone crusaders, responsible for such matters of the home, and that reinforces stereotypes that keep women as the lead in such roles. For despite making more progress in closing the gender-gap at work, studies show that women still have more to gain in terms of getting their husbands to pick up the slack at home."

Tags:cleaning, labour, detergent

Abstract
This paper discusses how men and women are represented in the world of advertising. In general, it deals with an analysis of the stylistic components of this representation and relates theoretical points of view to the analysis of specific advertisement that appear in the media. The author has also included several photos to illustrate the points made in the essay.

Outline:
Introduction
Advertising and gender: an overview
Media advertising and popular culture
Analysis: gender and stereotypes
Conclusion: Globalization and advertising

From the Paper
"The way that modern advertising re-presents or conveys perceptions and interpretations of male and female identity has been the focus of studies in many disciples, including media studies and sociology. The analysis of media advertising provides insight into certain ideological and cultural perceptions in a society. It also shows the way that underlying cultural views of male and female or gender identity is largely constructed by the specific culture. It is therefore very useful to study the ways"... in which people, places, values and
beliefs are represented in contemporary media and their impact on society"
"(Controlling Advertising ASA Schools and Colleges resources No 1).
These studies also apply to the analysis of popular culture and the extent to which female and female identity can often be misrepresented and distorted by the media. This aspect will be a central focus of this paper."

Tags:comparison, identity, ideological

Abstract
This paper discusses the high profit producing printer division of Hewlett-Packard. Specifically, this paper looks at HP's line of photo printers, which requires specialized inks and printer papers, both of which generate higher-than-average gross margins for the printer manufacturer. What HP has had to battle however is the perception that photo printers are expensive, difficult to use, and only meant for the professional photographer or the low-end service bureau. The author states that HP's advertisements are specifically addressing price points and the breadth of their product line, in addition to the expertise with printing technologies to overcome these objections. Furthermore, the author asserts that for HP to continue growing their printer division, consumables sales must significantly rise over unit sales, and the added focus on high-margin supplies must clearly be a strategic priority for the company. Finally the paper looks at HP's focus on the most critical concerns of customers first in relation to current advertising theories.

From the Paper
"How would you make the improvements? - First, I would have lightened up the background of this ad, so the images had greater contrast. Next, I would have created a small line of frames across the bottom of the first page showing various scenes of using the printed photos, including the completion of school projects, giving frames of pictures to grandparents and friends, and maybe even showing a backdrop of a beach and then a framed picture of a child, so it appears the photo is coming right out the beach scene. This would connote that the HP photo printer is versatile enough to capture vacation memories faithfully and without compromise. Lastly on the right side of the page, where the printers are, I would show one in actual use in a home office to just make it clear as to how easy the printers are to use."

Tags:strategy, theory, focus, concerns, customers, products

Abstract
This paper explains why the U.K. has a House of Lords, how it has developed and whether people and politicians see it as relevant today. The paper also looks at the proposals of each of the parties concerning the House of Lords as outlined in the party's manifestos. The paper concludes that the ultimate answer to the need for further reform can be found within the definitions of 'democracy' as 'rule by the people'. However, reform to this degree seems impossible at this time; therefore, the author recommends a 50:50 split of elected members and non elected members as the best solution.

From the Paper
'In to the 20th century more reforms were to come, and from the late 19th Century were in great demand as the democratic principle was more widely accepted. Unsurprisingly the Conservative dominated House fought hard to contest reform obstructing Liberal bills, a political scrap that led to the Parliament Bill. Past in 1911 the Parliament Bill included a vision of an elected House of Lords, but unfortunately the vision was never realized. It took 58 years before it looked like change would come again. The Labour Government, led by Harold Wilson in 1969 introduced the Parliament (No. 2) Bill seeking to phase out the hereditary peers."

Tags:proposals, bicameral legislature, life peerages, appointment, keeping check

Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that in the twentieth century, the list of architects who have left their mark on history with particularly powerful architectural constructions is long. In this study, however, the writer examines a particular architectural construction created in the early part of the twentieth century by one of the most important, if lesser known, architects of the early modern period. His name is Bruno Taut and the building he is perhaps best known for is his Glass House.

From the Paper
"The capacity for an architectural work to have an emotional or intellectual response upon those viewing it is tied to its capacity to challenge those who see it for the first time. Thus, some of the most aesthetically powerful architectural masterpieces are also some of the most controversial. Defying conventions and daring to construct space in new ways, these buildings elicit awe and respect--even if they sometimes also produce loathing and disgust. Negative reactions, in this sense, are as important as positive ones; both are emotional reactions."

Tags:glass, house

Abstract
Some of the key features of both "democracy" and the American Constitution have their origins in ancient history. If one looks at Ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, China, and India, we may discover traces of democratic thought that precipitated the rise of each of those lands and peoples. The paper shows, however, that many of the critical threads of Western political thought can be directly catalyzed by the very birth of Western society in the classical civilizations of Ancient Greece and Rome. The paper traces concepts of democracy and citizenship from ancient times and shows how they affected modern forms of government, in particular, the American Constitution and Britain's Houses of Lords and Commons.

From the Paper
"In effect, this republic-representative democracy was therefore established in which the people chose representatives to run the state for them. The Roman Republic was a government headed by elected leaders, yet real power was held by the Senate, which represented the upper class, and two consuls, who served as heads of state. If we examine Ancient Roman society even further, we can identify origins of the United States Constitution: the Bill of Rights. For instance, the rights of all citizens were protected by a code of laws known as the Twelve Tables of Law."

Tags:Enlightenment, Aristotle, House, of, Representatives, Plebians

Abstract
This paper defines the skills needed for a president to have a successful term in office in the modern era. The paper compares and contrasts the skills and performance in office of Lyndon B. Johnson and George W. Bush, two famous twentieth-century presidents. The paper examines the factors that led to the successes or failures of these particular presidents. The paper provides the writer's personal opinions.

From the Paper
"The modern presidency is an office that requires many skills and abilities to successfully fill. From emotional intelligence to vision, to public communication to political skill, from emotional intelligence to cognitive style and abilities, to decision- making skills to problem-solving skills, to having challenges that an agenda is needed to solve, all of these skills are needed for a modern presidency conducted by any president to be considered successful."

Tags:bush, johnson, political, white, house

Abstract
This paper examines how modern drama works closely with the concept of the repression of fear and aggression and how Freudian theory had a direct impact on dramatists after the 1920s. It looks at how Beckett's drama portrays the human condition through the depreciation of psychological forces and how, conversely, Chekhov allows his characters a sense of realization through negative capability whereby the characters are respectively voiced without emphasis on any one viewpoint. It also shows how like Ibsen he allows the characters the freedom to speak almost randomly, in what Freud would term the technique of free association used to cure patients by articulating their repressed fears and aggressions.

From the Paper
"Freud formed a theory of the id and the ego which attempted to explain the unconscious psychological forces of an individual, and can be illustrated through Beckett's Waiting for Godot (1952). Vladimir and Estragon are embodiments of a mind and body duality. By reversing Vladimir's epithet Didi it is possible to form Id-Id, where, by psychological definition id represents the desire for physical contact and body warmth, characteristic of babies. Estragon, or "Gogo" can be reversed to (e)go-(e)go, the ego, which forms the conscious and socially aware psyche developed in adulthood. The mind is purely conscious, and can detach itself from the more base instincts of the body, an extended reality, which is controlled by specific laws."

Tags:freud, aggression, fear, id, uncle, vanya, dolls, house

Abstract
This paper examines how the term "rhetoric" is used as philosophical advocacy for the validity of knowledge and critical topics concerning public policy. The paper deals with the importance of rhetoric in modern-day proceedings and its influence on governmental processes from decision making by presidents to that of the Congress. It also argues that rhetoric is far removed from reality.

From the Paper
"Honestly, however, it can be seen that the political discourses are being aimed to serve other objectives rather than simply put forth a description of real facts. It is evident that the leaders resort to deception, statements of ambiguous nature, and omission of critical issues for fear of contradiction without even taking care of the way the audiences construe their statements. It is therefore, imperative that the political deliberations are not to be taken as an honest account of the real world facts or the account of own visualizations of the speaker but to be analyzed in the perspectives of social objectives that it aims to fulfill."

Tags:Bush, Clinton, White, House