Abstract
This paper evaluates the role of homeopathic medicine in the modern world, with an emphasis placed upon various concerns to medical professionals, as well as the attitudes that they exhibit towards these alternative therapies. The paper relates that many believe homeopathic medicine is the only alternative for many individuals who do not trust chemical or technology-based treatments.

From the Paper
"Homeopathic medicine is derived from the necessity of human beings to avoid harsh chemicals and environmental conditions, which do not always provide the help and relief that is intended. As a result, homeopathic medicine has evolved into a substantial business, with an influence in all aspects of medical care and treatment and its importance in the medical world has also increased. The following discussion will evaluate the key principles of homeopathic medicine in greater detail, emphasizing the importance of this treatment on the medical canvas. Homeopathic medicine involves the utilization of treatments derived from natural ingredients, which promote the eradication of illness and overall well being whenever feasible (British Homeopathic Association, 2004). Homeopathy provides relief for a wide variety of illnesses and conditions, which may not respond to chemical or technology-based treatments, which often create dangerous consequences for patients (British Homeopathic Association, 2004)."

Tags:homeopathic, medicine, treatment

Abstract
This paper discusses ten specific cases such as the case of Jenny, a thirty-two year old Caucasian female complaining of acne vulgaris, who was recommended the use of calcarea carbonica because of its applicability to clients with chilled extremities and anxiety and who was advised to avoid baked goods and refined sugars to begin a regular meditation, yoga or tai chi to help her relax. The author points out another case, with the herpes simplex virus causing the cold sores, for whom natrum muriaticum was elected because of its general applicability and relevance to Jim's overeating of salty snack foods; at the six month visit, he had not experienced any cold sore eruptions. The paper relates that carbo vegetabilis was recommended for a case of asthma, which reduced symptoms and dependence on his inhaler.

From the Paper
"When asked, Roy admitted that he is under a lot of stress at work. Roy is poised and charming and does not seem to have any aggressive or overly emotional tendencies. However, when we began talking about his job, we noticed his shoulders tensing. Roy also enjoyed making jokes about uncomfortable topics and thus tended to cover up his uncomfortable emotions, like anger, with humor. We recommended the remedy Natrum muriaticum, as it applies readily to Roy's symptoms, including his responsiveness to massage, his suppressed emotion, and his tendency to keep his feelings concealed from those around him."

Tags:acne, asthma, nervous, natrum-muriaticum, diet

Abstract
The paper explains that complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) describes an array of healing modalities whose time for serious consideration and integration into the present healthcare system may have arrived. The paper states that homeopathy is the most controversial form of CAM and discusses the biases claiming that homeopathy treatment is an an implausible treatment, but affirms that homeopathy is an important topic for public health. This is due to the affordability, accessibility and efficacy of homeopathic remedies.

Outline:
The Perception of Complementary and Alternative Medicine in Conventional Medicine
Homeopathy: Medicine of the past and the future
Implications for CAM in Public Health

From the Paper
"It is possible that unfounded accusations of quackery and the like are but a smokescreen that has been thrown up to blur certain facts about CAM's increased appeal. It is also possible that conventional health practitioners and the pharmaceutical industry are striving to monopolize treatment in the US. It is more likely however, that evidence-based research, which has become the pinnacle of standards for excellence in testing the efficacy and safety of treatment with drugs, is an improper testing method for CAM (Novella et al., 2007). CAM uses few, if any pharmaceutical treatments, and should be held to appropriate contextual standards for what CAM in general, and each therapy in particular, claims. Homeopathy, for example, displays effects that are vastly different than the action of drugs, and requires fundamentally different protocols from which to study and gather evidence."

Tags:complementary, alternative, medicine, public, health, homeopathy

Abstract
This paper explains that there is nothing inherent in many alternative medical therapies that specifically distinguishes them from the way contemporary drugs and surgery are employed because these are simply tools in the hands of a practitioner. The author makes a clear and compelling case for the establishment of a national clearinghouse for alternative health care system information for the general public and health care practitioners alike. The paper points out that regulatory constraints may keep important information about the potential benefits of alternative treatment modalities from consumers.

Table of Contents
Introduction
Background and Overview
Research Design
Seven Fields of Practice and Their Features
Mind Body Interventions
Definition
Underlying Theory/Philosophy
Major Features
Common Areas
Unique Features
Primary Applications
Evidence of Effects of Practice
Cost Effectiveness
Controversial Issues
Bioelectromagnetics Applications
Definition
Underlying Theory/Philosophy
Major Features
Practice Modalities (Specific Therapies)
Common Areas
Unique Features
Primary Applications
Evidence of Effects of Practice
Cost Effectiveness
Controversial Issues
Alternative Systems
Definition
Underlying Theory/Philosophy
Major Features
Practice Modalities (Specific Therapies)
Unique Features
Primary Applications
Evidence of Effects of Practice
Cost Effectiveness
Controversial Issues
Manual Healing Systems
Definition
Underlying Theory/Philosophy
Major Features
Practice Modalities (Specific Therapies)
Common Areas
Unique Features
Primary Applications
Evidence of Effects of Practice
Cost Effectiveness
Controversial Issues
Pharmacological & Biological Treatments
Definition
Underlying Theory/Philosophy
Major Features
Practice Modalities (Specific Therapies)
Common Areas
Unique Features
Primary Applications
Evidence of Effects of Practice
Cost Effectiveness
Controversial Issues
Herbal Medicine
Definition
Underlying Theory/Philosophy
Major Features
Practice Modalities (Specific Therapies)
Common Areas
Unique Features
Primary Applications
Evidence of Effects of Practice
Cost Effectiveness
Controversial Issues
Diet & Nutrition
Definition
Underlying Theory/Philosophy
Major Features
Practice Modalities (Specific Therapies)
Common Areas
Unique Features
Primary Applications
Evidence of Effects of Practice
Cost Effectiveness
Controversial Issues
Literature Review
Critique of Research
Data analysis, including statistical procedures used
Conclusions and Recommendations
Replicability

From the Paper
"The comparative efficacy of acupuncture and electroacupuncture can be measured using a sample of rats. Though unable to self-report pain, rats have still been shown to respond to acupuncture treatments versus control groups. This study was able to induce a hypoglycaemic effect in rats when applied to abdominal acupoints. However, this and other studies provide a basis for further research and should not influence the decision for treatment of human diabetes by acupuncture. However, this research does suggest that electroacupuncture is not a placebo effect, as rats do not respond to such effects."

Tags:nonthermal, ethnomedicine, herbal, ayurveda, homeopathic

Abstract
"Acupuncture, Qigong, and Chinese Medicine often called oriental medicine or traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), encompasses a vast array of folk medical practices based on mysticism. It holds that the body's vital energy (chi or qi) circulates through 14 channels, called meridians that have branches connected to bodily organs and functions. Illness is attributed to imbalance or interruption of chi. Ancient practices such as acupuncture and Qigong are claimed to restore balance. Traditional acupuncture, as now practiced, involves the insertion of stainless steel needles into various body areas. A low-frequency current may be applied to the needles to produce greater stimulation. Other procedures used separately or together with acupuncture include: moxibustion (burning of floss or herbs applied to the skin); injection of sterile water, procaine, morphine, vitamins, or homeopathic solutions through the inserted needles; applications of laser beams (laser puncture); placement of needles in the external ear (auriculotherapy); and acupressure (use of manual pressure). (Knipschild, 1990)"

From the Paper
"Acupuncture, Qigong, and Chinese Medicine often called oriental medicine or traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), encompasses a vast array of folk medical practices based on mysticism. It holds that the body's vital energy (chi or qi) circulates through 14 channels, called meridians that have branches connected to bodily organs and functions. Illness is attributed to imbalance or interruption of chi. Ancient practices such as acupuncture and Qigong are claimed to restore balance. Traditional acupuncture, as now practiced, involves the insertion of stainless steel needles into various body areas. A low-frequency current may be applied to the needles to produce greater stimulation. Other procedures used separately or together with acupuncture include: moxibustion (burning of floss or herbs applied to the skin); injection of sterile water, procaine, morphine, vitamins, or homeopathic solutions through the inserted needles; applications of laser beams (laser puncture); placement of needles in the external ear (auriculotherapy); and acupressure (use of manual pressure). (Knipschild, 1990)"

Tags:health, medical, treatment, ill

Abstract
In this article, the writer provides the relevant background and comparison of general medicine and homeopathic concepts of disease. Further, the writer discusses how their similarities and differences affect the choice of treatment modalities and their effect on the patients involved. The research shows that general medicine concepts of disease relate to dysfunctions in the body that are characterized by specific symptoms that can be diagnosed and treated. In contrast, the research also shows that in homeopathy, practitioners consider disease symptoms as the body's own attempts to heal itself. The writer maintains that in most cases, homeopaths use medicines that mimic the symptoms of the disease but do so in such attenuated amounts that these active ingredients are virtually absent from the prescription with most observers suggesting there is a powerful placebo effect at play. The writer concludes that it would seem reasonable to assert that many general medicine practitioners could take a lesson from their homeopathic counterparts by paying more attention to establishing therapeutic relationships and a rapport with their patients rather than ruling out one possible cause after another without regard to what patients have to say about their personal concepts of the disease involved.

Table of Contents:
Chapter 1: Introduction
Statement of the Problem
Purpose of Study
Importance of Study
Scope of Study
Rationale of Study
Methodology
Chapter 2: Background and Overview
Chapter 3: General Medicine Concepts of Disease
Chapter 4: Homeopathic Medicine Concepts of Disease
Chapter 5: Summary and Conclusions

From the Paper
"Christopher Boorse criticizes the idea that health and disease are evaluative concepts. In his view, this relativizing of the concepts leads to absurd consequences. Assume, for instance, that one defines disease in terms of unwanted things which are candidates for medical treatment. He claims that many recognized diseases are not really treatable. On the other hand, practices such as circumcision, termination of pregnancy or plastic surgery are not good reasons for considering the possession of foreskin, being pregnant or having ears that stick out to be diseases. Another possibility is that one invokes pain or suffering as a criterion for calling something a disease; however, Boorse emphasizes as well that medical textbooks frequently describe instances where the absence of subjective discomfort is accompanied by serious internal injury; by contrast, some people tend to experience severe pain and discomfort during entirely normal processes such as menstruation, teething and childbirth."

Tags:treatment, healthcare, patients, human, body

Abstract
This paper discusses the altercations between conventional medical practice and alternative medicine. The paper explores the issues that affect the cost of natural remedies, in general, and Boiron's products, in particular. The differences between introducing a homeopathic remedy and a pharmaceutical drug to the market is explained.

Outline
Issues That Affect Cost
Impact of Technology on Cost
Market Structure
Implications for Pricing
Strategies to Preserve or Enhance Sales
Moving into an Optimal Competitive Position

From the Paper
"Among the issues likely to affect the costs of Boiron's remedies is the double threat from the American Medical Association (AMA) and the public in search of relief from high medical costs. The AMA still does not officially endorse homeopathy, although the U.S. Office of Alternative Medicine estimates that 30 of every 100 M.D.s in the U.S. practice some form of alternative medicine along with their allopathic practice. (Boozang, 1998, unpaged) There may be, as well, lobbying costs to counteract the activities of allopathic physicians, who "convince legislatures to restrict the scopes of practice of other providers and pressure prosecutors to bring criminal actions against non-physician providers."

Tags:homeopathy, physicians, boiron

Abstract
This paper discusses the use of radio-diagnostic imagery instead of the more standard form of autopsy in forensic medicine. The paper examines the pros and cons of using images provided by machinery such as MRIs instead of the information provided by the more invasive autopsy procedure. The paper discusses the accuracy of radio-diagnostic imagery compared with its less technologically advanced counterpart in determining causes of death. The author concludes that while radio-diagnostic imaging can be useful in forensic medicine, it can not yet replace traditional autopsy.

Table of Contents:
Objective
Introduction
Negative Findings in the use of Radio-diagnostic Imaging in Forensic Medicine
Positive Findings in the use of Radio-diagnostic Imaging in Forensic Medicine
Discussion
Conclusion

From the Paper
"There has been an increase in the use of MRI in forensics in making a diagnosis when death involved either injury or disease. Stated to be one of the: "main criticisms of the use of MRI as an alternative to conventional autopsy is the lack of validation of this imaging technique." This is due to the mixed results that have been reported related to MRI post mortem examinations in the fields of neuropathology and paediatrics."

Tags:MRI, forensic, medicine, Post, Mortem, Magnetic, Resonance, Imaging

Abstract
The paper discusses the increasing trend worldwide towards alternative medicine, which encompasses a diverse group of healing therapies that include chiropractic, homeopathy, massage therapy, acupuncture, herbal medications and many others. The paper notes that although alternative medicine has been around for centuries, it is not accepted by all due to the lack of studies and medical trials, unlike conventional medical treatment. The paper goes on to discuss the differences between complementary and alternative medicine and again, how they differ from conventional medicine, both in their approach and also treatments.

From the Paper
"Complementary medicine aims to balance the whole person physically, mentally, and emotionally, while conventional medicine aims to cure the pathology. Examples of complementary medicine are acupuncture, yoga, music therapy, massage, and aromatherapy. There are numerous alternative medications that are currently being studied to validate their effectiveness as well as assess potential side effects. Recent studies have concentrated on the use of omega-3 fatty acids for bipolar disorder, while several randomized controlled trials have investigated on St. John's Wort (Hypericum perforatum), acupuncture, and S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe), a derivative of L-methionine, as alternative treatments for major depression."

Tags:effectiveness, conventional, medicine, therapies, potential, side, effects

Abstract
The paper examines Elements, a natural remedies company specializing in homeopathic products based on traditional Chinese medicines and treatments. The paper looks at how the company is targeting Stockholm, Sweden for market entry and intends to utilize market success there as a platform to penetrate the rest of Europe. The paper presents a risk analysis for this project and shows how the primary assessment indicates that the Stockholm, Sweden market is a strong candidate for market entry.

From the Paper
"Elements is a natural remedies company specializing in homeopathic products based on traditional Chinese medicines and treatments. The company is targeting Stockholm, Sweden for market entry and intends to utilize market success there as a platform to penetrate the rest of Europe. The risk analysis for this project follows and the primary assessment indicates that the Stockholm, Sweden market is a strong candidate for market entry."

Tags:elements, product, sweden