Abstract Emperor HaileSelassie's reign in Ethiopia has been described by the term Kleptocracy, indicating that the Emperor and his cronies plundered the country for their own benefit. Ethiopia was a poor country in any case, and it was poorer after Selassie had taken most of its wealth and left the peasants much worse off then they were when he arrived in office. This paper examines HaileSelassie's reign from 1930, through to his flee from invading Italian troops in 1935 and his reinstatement as Emperor in 1940. The paper traces HaileSelassie's attempts to reform Ethiopia's economy and his final fourteen years in office in which he became greedier and cared less for his subjects.
From the Paper "Improvement was slow and was hindered by a number of factors, but by the early 1970s the economy had started to grow and to diversify into areas such as manufacturing and services. Such improvements did not aid most Ethiopians, however, and about four-fifths of the population remained subsistence farmers who lived in poverty (Ofcansky and Berry 149). This was one reason why there was growing opposition to the regime of Haile Selassie during the last fourteen years of his reign. There had been a coup attempt in 1960, after which the emperor sought to reclaim the loyalty of the opposition by stepping up reform."
Abstract This paper traces the origins and development of the Rastafarian religion, beginning with the spokesman, Marcus Garvey. The contributions of Emperor HaileSelassie are focused upon and the development of the religion in Jamaica is studied. The philosophy behind the religion is explored and its doctrine is laid out. The religion's colors, symbols and rituals are explained and the external influences on the religion are looked at.
From the Paper "However, the Rastafarian movement gained a following and formally began in 1930, after Selassie was crowned and the evident completion of the millennial expectations of Marcus Garvey. Furthermore, one of its early leaders Leonard Howell, who in 1933 was arrested by the Jamaican government for preaching a revolutionary doctrine (The Perennial Dictionary of World Religions, Keith Crim, editor, p. 601), helped formed the theology of the movement. His arrest helped shaped the movement's organizational structure."
Abstract "The civil war in Ethiopia involves a fight for independence by the province of Eritrea, and this war began in 1961. At that time, the central government in Addis Ababa, then the government of HaileSelassie, broke a United Nations sponsored autonomy plan for the region.
From the Paper "The civil war in Ethiopia involves a fight for independence by the province of Eritrea, and this war began in 1961. At that time, the central government in Addis Ababa, then the government of Haile Selassie, broke a United Nations sponsored autonomy plan for the region. Eritrea is the triangular northernmost province of Ethiopia. It is dominated by a range of mountains that flattens out to form the Barka Plains in the west, with an arm of the Danakil depression one of the hottest regions on earth extending in a southeasterly direction, along the Red Sea. The Greek name for the Red Sea was Erythra Thalassa, and it is from this that Eritrea derives its name. It consists of 46,000 square miles of land, or an area about the size of Pennsylvania or Mississippi. It is believed that this region holds the key to Ethiopia's political stability and territorial ..."
Abstract Emperor HaileSelassie's reign in Ethiopia can be described by the term Kleptocracy as the Emperor and his cronies plundered the country for their own benefit.
From the Paper "Emperor Haile Selassie's reign in Ethiopia can be described by the term Kleptocracy as the Emperor and his cronies plundered the country for their own benefit. Ethiopia was a poor country in any case, and it was poorer on the whole once Selassie had taken most of its wealth to be his own and left the peasants much worse off then they were when he arrived in office. In the book The Emperor, journalist Ryszard Kapuscinski shows ways in which the wealth was transferred from the poor to the leadership and the ways in which the Emperor and his friends spent what wealth the country did produce.
Kapuscinski often merely shows the results without discussing the process underlying it. For instance, he presents a scene early in his book which shows the huge difference that existed between the lifestyle of the Emperor and that of the ..."
From the Paper "Emperor Haile Selassie's reign in Ethiopia has been described by the term Kleptocracy, indicating that the Emperor and his cronies plundered the country for their own benefit. Ethiopia was a poor country in any case, and it was poorer after Selassie had taken most of its wealth and left the peasants much worse off then they were when he arrived in office. Selassie was Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974. He came to power at a time when Ethiopia had to deal with the expansionist policies of Italy prior to World War II. The world powers, especially those in the League of Nations, were not inclined to counter Italy's attack on Ethiopia in 1935. In the early years of the world war, however, Ethiopia was retaken from the Italians by the British, who would continue to dominate Ethiopian affairs after the war ended in 1945. Selassie was restored to power at that time and tried..."
From the Paper "Harold G. Marcus, in Haile Sellassie I: The Formative Years, 1892-1936, attempts to portray the Ethiopian leader who "was a political icon to some, a monster to others, and to all a legend." Marcus tries to bring this larger-than-life leader down-to-earth and show what Sellassie was really like, as a leader and as a man. It is the author's argument that Sellassie was clearly the center of power in Ethiopia in the last half century: "As the architect of the modern state, he had managed his country's entry into the world, in the process becoming a global figure" (x).
As much as might be known about Sellassie, it is Marcus' argument that the real Sellassie has not yet been revealed, and he endeavors to do it. Sellassie portrayed himself as a man who was beleaguered by circumstances, by historical and political..."
Abstract This paper explains that philosopher Donna Jeanne Haraway draws from the tradition of Louis Althusser and Martin Heidegger to develop her hypotheses outlining the nature of the interspecies relationship between people and animal or "hailing". As interpreted by Althusser and Heidegger, the author relates that "hail", which is from the archaic word interpellate, is given an additional meaning by Haraway. Based on Haraway's work, the paper concludes that the "hailing" of animals call people to account for the way they affect the lives of animals, and the "hailing" of people call animals to a close, inseparable, interspecies relationship bound within the structure of human society.
From the Paper "Haraway adds to these two meanings of hail a third, the more conventional meaning of interpellation. Animals hail people to "account for the regimes in which they and we must live", and by doing so, they challenge people to justify the practices of society which create the circumstances of life that animals and people must live in. The effect of the hail is threefold: firstly, humans hail animals, creating a subject out of animals by the hail, bringing animals into our social discourse of power."
An assessment of which presidents qualify as a top five United States presidents, based on the criteria set forth in the book, "Hail to the Chief. The Making and Unmaking of American Presidents" by Robert Dallek.
Abstract This paper uses the criteria established by Robert Dallek in his book "Hail to the Chief. The Making and Unmaking of American Presidents" to determine which presidents of the United States qualify as the top five. Citing Dallek's conclusion that the five characteristics found in the most effective presidents are vision, pragmatism, consensus, charisma and credibility, the paper assesses which presidents possess these qualities and concludes that Harry S. Truman, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, Bill Clinton and George W. Bush are the top five U.S. presidents ever.
From the Paper "Dallek points out that the White House today is as removed from Washington's day as space travel is from the horse and buggy, and that the global responsibilities a president faces today actually dwarf those his counterpart encountered in the 1790's, as well as the president's impact on the economic and social life of the country. Because of nuclear weapons, electronic communications, and national and international responsibilities, presidents today are forced to think and act differently than earlier predecessors, however, the elements of compelling leadership have remained unchanged through the years."
Tags: presidential, greatness, american, historians, rate, failure, personality, character
Abstract In this article, the writer notes that the reggae music artist Bob Marley used a speech by Ethiopian leader Halie Selassie for the song "War." The writer points out that Selassie was an African leader and also a major figure in the religion of Rastafarianism, of which Marley was a member. Marley was also known for his lyrical content in terms of his ability to directly address political issues of the time. The writer discusses that by looking at the song lyrics to the Bob Marley song "War," the listeners of the music and the readers of the lyrics can see how the artist is first of all a Rastafarian by religion, and then an activist by political involvement: the song shows both sides of Marley, the Rasta side and the political side. The writer maintains that despite an observation of his being above politics, Marley was also linked by association with politics by the explicit political themes he often chose as his message. The writer concludes that the result, whether through misinterpretation or intention, was not universally positive or peace-love, either.
From the Paper "Bob Marley was seen by many as a representative voice of the Jamaican lower class and Rastafarian religion and culture, and there are explicit political connections to be made between his music and society, especially his work with the Wailers, during which time the song "War" was co-opted from Selassie's speech. At many times during Marley's life, the connections he made with politics were explicit, as when he used his stage to unite political leaders in a spirit of friendliness and hand-shaking, or when he sang about the dire situation in Africa in songs like "War," which as mentioned was directly taken from a political speech by the Rastafarian deity and Ethiopian dictator Haile Selassie. But at the same time, there is a tension between politics and religion/mysticism in Marley's life and lyrics that makes calling him a political leader or saying that he chose political reggae music difficult. To a true Rastafarian, which image Marley adhered to even at the heights of his international pop-stardom, involvement politics was to be avoided at all costs as a function of Babylon. But at the other end of the spectrum, Marley was definitely involved in political activities, and "War" signifies lyrically what is basically a political message about African unity and peace, only to be achieved through freedom from bondage."
From the Paper "Introduction: Ethiopia - Promise and Peril
In 1974 the "3,000" year-old reign of the descendants of Solomon and Sheba, personified in the "Lion of Judah" Emperor Haile Selassie I, was replaced by a national committee of military men, junior and noncommissioned officers known as the Dergue.. In 1991, after a mere seventeen years in control, the Dergue - led since 1977 by Colonel Mengistu Haile Mariam. - was replaced by a revolutionary coalition still holding power as a transitional government, the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF). The EPRDF, pledged to holding national elections in 1994, has already seen two major coalition members break away: the Oromo Liberation Front (OLF), representing Ethiopia's largest tribe, and the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF), seceding the province of Eritrea from Ethiopia. In..."
Abstract This paper provides an overview of the central aspects of the Rastafarian Movement and attempts to examine the links between the various cultural, social and philosophical aspects of the Rastafarian Movement. In particular, the paper describes the historical, cultural and social aspects that have influenced the rise of this movement. The paper emphasizes the influence of 'Ethiopianism' on Rastafarianism.
Table of Contents:
Introduction
Methodology
The Rastafarian faith and Ethiopianism
General Characteristics And Beliefs
Social And Philosophical Aspects
Conclusion
From the Paper "There are a number of estimates of the extent of the Rastafarian movement in the world. One general estimate is that there are approximately between 3,000 and 5,000 Rastafarians in the United States. A problem with the estimate of Rastafarianism is that many individuals who dress or adopt the outer appearance of Rastafarianism are in many cases not true Rastafarians. (Rastafarianism) This is partly due to the popularity that this movement has acquired through its views and music since the 1960's. Worldwide, the estimate of those following the Rastafarian faith is approximately 1,000,000 people. (Rastafarianism) In terms of further significant demographic facts, it is also clear the majority of the members are male. "Traditionally, women have played a very minor role in Rastafarianism," (Rastafarianism) and "Women's role in the Rastafarian movement is at best a subordinate one..." (Barrett, 1997, p.78)"
Abstract The paper explains that Benito Mussolini's war ambitions with Ethiopia primarily stemmed from a two-folded national embarrassment and therefore the Ethiopian "problem" was created and instigated by Mussolini. The paper examines the possible solutions that could have averted an Italian war with Ethiopia and illustrates how the historical account of the event presents many "should have, could have and would haves." The paper explains that these solutions all would have required a collaborative effort on the part of Britain and France in ensuring that Mussolini would have neither had the capability nor desire to go to war with Ethiopia.
From the Paper "The second Italo-Ethiopian War of the 1930s exemplifies the pervasiveness of national pride in territorial conquest and state rivalries. The Italians, having suffered an embarrassing defeat at the hands of the Ethiopians during the colonization of Africa in the late 1800s, sought this conflict thirty years later in an effort to revitalize a national sense of superiority. Italian dictator Benito Mussolini wanted to streamline his fascist regime by pre-empting a war with independent Ethiopia in order to remedy the initial embarrassment of being the only European army to lose a war with native Africans during colonization."
Tags: Mussolini, Selassie, Britain, France, Stresa, Conference
Abstract A look at the life and works of Peter Iljitch Tchaikovsky who was famous for his compositions. The paper gives a brief history of his upbringing and early life. It then focuses on one of the more famous compositions called the "Waltz of the Flowers".
From the Paper "Many composers have brought us beautiful music. Some faded into history, while others stood the test of time. If it weren"t for some these composers of the Classical, Baroque, and Romantic period we wouldn"t even have some of the music that we have today. However one of my favorite composers is Peter Iljitch Tchaikovsky. Who wrote some of the best pieces to both listen to and play. "
This essay discusses the novel 'The Painted Bird' by Jerzy Kosinski along with some common criteria for evaluating works of art and determining their cultural value.
1,745 words (approx. 7 pages), 0 sources, 2002, $ 56.95
Abstract The author of this paper defends this novel by Jerzy Kosinski , so often attacked and ridiculed by critics, and hails it as a classic work of art of supreme historical value.
From the Paper Before beginning, however, a few comments on this controversial novel are important leading into the discussion. First of all, it is impossible to read The Painted Bird without feeling strong emotions and asking difficult questions: Could such a story really be true? If it is true, how can people treat other humans in this way? Are there still people in the world like this, seemingly without traditional values or morality? In a similar cultural setting, would I act in the same way? The characters in The Painted Bird demonstrate the most incredible forms of inhumanity and amorality imaginable and the story of the boy's experiences are at times beyond belief. Second, this book has been called everything from a classic of literature (for its portrayal of the horrors of war from the eyes of an innocent child) to an outrageous fabrication (written by a pathological liar and apologist for the Nazis).
An examination of Peter Singer's book "Writings on an Ethical Life" and his view on abortion. The paper explains that Peter Singer has been hailed as the most influential living philosopher and ethicist.
1,907 words (approx. 7.6 pages), 0 sources, 2002, $ 60.95
Abstract This paper focuses on Singer's application of the principle of utility to the ethics of abortion. The first part of the paper discusses how Singer refined the utilitarian principles popularly associated with Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill to his own principle of preference utilitarianism. The second part examines how Singer applies this preference utilitarianism to conclude that abortion is completely moral and ethical. The last section is a critical examination of Singer's utilitarian approach to abortion, as he articulates in the book "Writings on an Ethical Life."
From the Paper "Recognizing the difficulty of measuring pleasure or happiness, Singer instead proposes a principle of utility based on interests. He writes that "my own interests cannot, simply because they are my interests, count more than the interests of anyone else" (16). Instead of acting according to our own self-interests, Singer calls on people to take on a universal point of view. In essence, one's own interests and ideas matter only when seen in their consequence to everyone else's interests. Singer calls this view ?preference utilitarianism.?"
