Abstract This paper explains that, although GeneralRobert E. Lee is most often remembered as the man who opposed the end of slavery, he also played an important role in the Mexican-American War and the Reconstruction period and served as the superintendent of West Point and the president of Washington College (now known as Washington and Lee College). The author points out that Lee was the son of Light Horse Harry Lee, a famous military leader of the Revolutionary War. The paper relates that Robert E. Lee was arrested after the Civil War and indicted for treason; however, he was never tried. The paper states that, although Lee applied for a federal pardon in 1865, five years before his death, his application for restoration of citizenship was granted only in the 1970s.
Outline:
Childhood and the Need to Follow in the Footsteps of His Father
Lee's Time at West Point
His Military Training
His Marriage
The Time before the Civil War
The Choice to Defend Virginia
The War and Its Conclusion
Lee after the War
Lee's Death
From the Paper "Lee began his service to the Confederate States by doing vital staff work to plan the army's attacks. His plans for the battle of Manassas were totally successful; this represented the first major victory of the war for the Confederate States. This was a shock for the North. The North had planned on a victory bringing a quick end to the war. But, the victory went to the South. Although Lee was unable to attend the Battle of Manassas (also known as the Battle of Bull Run), his battle plans led to the Southern victory. The South won this battle in great part to Lee's great military experience and battle strategies."
Abstract This paper states that more than any man in American history, GeneralRobert E. Lee earned a simultaneous reputation as a hero and a traitor. The paper explains that Lee was a general who did not believe war was a solution to political problems, a hero of the secessionists and a born aristocrat who believed that the Union, despite its Jeffersonian ideals of democracy, should be kept intact. The author believes that, against his better practical instincts, Lee was forced to accept his state's (Virginia) decision to withdraw from the Union and the Confederacy's decision to pin its highest hopes on his skills as a military leader.
From the Paper "Lee was in Virginia and was not under active orders at the moment when Virginia finally decided to leave the Union. This also was the precise moment when Lincoln, via Francis P. Blair and Lee's military mentor General Winfield Scott, offered him command of the army that was being formed in response to the President's call to arms. It was agonizing for Lee to decide to leave the army he had served for thirty-two years, the tradition established by his father and other heroes of the Revolution, and follow his state on what he believed was an unwise course. Yet "he believed he had no other option". He resigned his commission with the army, and within a few days accepted command of the newly created "military and naval forces of Virginia".
Tags: arristocrat, hero, traitor, secessionist, union
Abstract This paper is about the early life of Robert E. Lee and his military career. It covers most of his major battles during the American Civil War. The paper shows that it was Lee's last stand in the Civil War that causes him to be remembered as a true military leader and dynamic strategist.
From the Paper "Because of this Lee's mother Ann Hill Carter was left by herself to raise young Robert. There he learned patience, control, and discipline. Eventually he became old enough to acknowledge his family's Christian faith and accepted it as his own belief. Since Lee was brought up in a strong military family, he had strong beliefs and values, but lived in a family that showed little emotion. For example after the death of his father, Lee was sent directly to West Point academy only six months after the loss to train in the footsteps of his father."
Tags: fredericksburg, Thomas, J., Jackson, Ambrose, E., Burnside, Appomattox
Abstract The novel, "The Killer Angels" by Michael Shaara, is a story depicting the courage and heroism of people involved in the Battle of Gettysburg, which took place in 1863 and, in the process, proves to be a lot more than a mere history lesson in Civil war. This paper focuses on how Shaara depicts the character of Confederate GeneralRobertLee. It also discusses the importance of studying individual battles in the American Civil War, as each battle had its own causes and reasons.
From the Paper "Robert Lee was an intelligent man who was well aware of his reasons for fighting this war and also understood the reasons that others had. He believed in giving every man enough freedom to stand for his own views and beliefs. On one occasion, while talking with Lt. General Longstreet, Robert lee explains that his sole reason for fighting was duty and obligation. He wanted to protect his people and winning or losing wasn"t his aim. He wasn"t for slavery or against it, but it was important for him to properly discharge his duties, which included siding with the South."
Abstract The paper is a review of the poem "The Road not Taken" by RobertLee Frost and opens up by stating that one always questions one's decisions, wondering if a decision was the correct one and in fact what would have occurred had the alternative decision been taken. The paper relates that the poem reflects on life's choices and continues by giving the reader an outline of the poet's history and his origins. It is thought that the poem is a description of a walk that RobertLee Frost undertook in the forest of Dymock.
Outline:
The man
The road not taken
Conclusion
From the Paper "Robert Lee Frost was born in San Francisco to Isabelle Moodie and William Prescott, Jr. in March 26, 1874. After his father's demise in 1886, he, his mother and sister moved to New England to be closer to his paternal grandparents who were living in Eastern Massachusetts. Frost married Elinor Miriam White in December of 1895. Looking for better pastures, Frost took his family to settle across the Atlantic in 1912 and settled in Beaconsfield, London. It was in this period of his life that Frost made the acquaintance of people who would eventually play a critical role in his literary career. Among them were the Dymock poet Edward Thomas, T. E. Hulme and Ezra Pound
It was in Frosts return to America in 1915 that his literary career truly took off. After Pound's review of his works, he gained acclaim particularly for the work he did while he was in England. He became a popular writer and lecturer while at the same time taught English at Amherst College and Bread Loaf School of English of Middlebury College in Ripton, Vermont. Aside from his literary work, Robert Lee Frost is also famous for the reading of the poem "The Gift Outright" on January 20, 1961 after the inaugural speech of President John F. Kennedy. He also influenced modern views on poetry that encouraged its public recitals and incorporation to other modern arts."
This paper take a detailed look at one of the greatest battles of the Civil War. Follows GeneralRobert E. Lee and his men as they plot their strategy and take action against the Union Army leading up to and during the battle.
2,110 words (approx. 8.4 pages), 6 sources, 2000, $ 66.95
Abstract This paper follows GeneralRobert E. Lee and his men as they plot their strategy and take action against the Union Army leading up to and during the Battle of Gettysburg. It also goes into great detail about the military strategy that both the Union Army used prior to this attack, and the affect it had upon the outcome of this battle, and what affect it had on the eventual outcome of the Civil War.
From the paper:
"There were over 70,000 Confederates involved in the Battle of Gettysburg. Of those men, 3,903 died, 18,735 were wounded, and 5,425 were missing, for a grand total of 28,063 men lost. That is about 40 percent of the soldiers who fought the battle. The percentage of men lost on the last day was much higher. Total losses on both sides came to 51,053.
"The Battle of Gettysburg was a major turning point in the Civil War. More men were lost in this battle than any other battle of the Civil War. After such a crushing defeat, Lee was never again able to launch a full-scale offensive on Union ground. The battle was also a landmark in the minds of people for years to come. Abraham Lincoln quoted in November 1863, "The world" can never forget what they did here.? Although the Confederates suffered a tremendous defeat that third day of July, their dedication and determination are still evident in the valiant effort displayed during those three long days."
Tags: army, big, cashtown, cemetery, chancellorville, charge, civil, general, hill, jackson, lee, little, longstreet, militia, pickett, ridge, robert, round, seminary, stonewall, top, union, virginia, war
Abstract This paper examines the Battle of Gettysburg which took over a period of three days during July, 1863. It describes how the battle was fought by 75,000 Confederate soldiers under the leadership of GeneralRobert E. Lee and almost 84,000 Union soldiers who came under the command of General George G. Meade. The paper discusses how, with about 51,000 casualties and more than 10,000 soldiers dead, Gettysburg is considered to be one of the most tragic battles of the American history and one that changed the course of the Civil War.
From the Paper "As the South fought to gain the higher ground General Lee ordered approximately 12,000 soldiers to march across an open field so that the center of the Federal army could be taken. This seemingly desperate assault was called the 'Pickett' s Charge' and was doomed to failure. The soldiers had more than a mile to cross and by the time the battle ended more than half the Confederate army was killed, wounded or captured. The battle had ended and the Civil War was accepted to be the victory for the North and yet, there was no joy for in the words of Joshua Chamberlain, ?In the presence of real tragedy you feel neither pain nor joy nor hatred, only a sense of enormous space and time suspended, the great doors open to black eternity, the rising across the terrible field of that last enormous, unanswerable question.? [Shaara, Foreword 6.]"
An assessment of which presidents qualify as a top five United States presidents, based on the criteria set forth in the book, "Hail to the Chief. The Making and Unmaking of American Presidents" by Robert Dallek.
Abstract This paper uses the criteria established by Robert Dallek in his book "Hail to the Chief. The Making and Unmaking of American Presidents" to determine which presidents of the United States qualify as the top five. Citing Dallek's conclusion that the five characteristics found in the most effective presidents are vision, pragmatism, consensus, charisma and credibility, the paper assesses which presidents possess these qualities and concludes that Harry S. Truman, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson, Bill Clinton and George W. Bush are the top five U.S. presidents ever.
From the Paper "Dallek points out that the White House today is as removed from Washington's day as space travel is from the horse and buggy, and that the global responsibilities a president faces today actually dwarf those his counterpart encountered in the 1790's, as well as the president's impact on the economic and social life of the country. Because of nuclear weapons, electronic communications, and national and international responsibilities, presidents today are forced to think and act differently than earlier predecessors, however, the elements of compelling leadership have remained unchanged through the years."
Tags: presidential, greatness, american, historians, rate, failure, personality, character
Abstract This article discusses the late American poet, Robert Frost. The author describes Frost as a modernist who mingled tradition with innovation and convention with originality and discusses Frost's unique literature style. The paper includes biographical data on Frost and talks about the obstacles Frost encountered throughout his career. The paper also praises Frost for his choice to preserve the conventional lyrical form in his poems.
From the Paper "Frost's biographical data are important in the analysis of his work and its place inside modernism, since he is generally considered as one of the most representative poets of New England due to the local color that he infused into his poetry. He was born in San Francisco and, after he got married, he lived for ten years on the farm his grandfather had given to him in Derry, New Hampshire. Since the income coming from the farm was too low for his numerous family, Frost took up teaching, first in Derry and then in Plymouth. During the ten years the poet spent at the farm in Derry he wrote poetry and endeavored to publish it in various journals and periodicals in New Hampshire, but almost all the editors refused his work."
Abstract Robert Frost was one of America's most beloved poets. His easy-to-read poems are beloved and read in every high school and college in America. As we will see, however, while Frost's language is simple and direct, all his poems contain symbolism and hidden meanings that make his poetry even more memorable.
Abstract This paper examines how environmentalist and desert-lover, Edward Abbey in his essay "The GreatAmerican Desert" warns readers about the perilous dangers of the American deserts while simultaneously stirring curiosity about these fascinating ecosystems. The paper looks at how Abbey both invites and dissuades his readers from visiting the deserts of North America through the use of humor and sarcasm. It also shows how he is rhetorically successful in arguing that the open spaces of the undeveloped deserts are sacred places in need of respect and protection through his clever use of pathos and logos.
From the Paper "The main strategy that appears in this article is an appeal to the reader's logic. Abbey presents examples of the dangers of the desert from the sun to the wildlife, in order to discourage visitors to visit his desert and in a way protect it from them. Another strategy that Abbey almost reluctantly resorts to in order to convince the reader to protect the desert is to explain how one should go about visiting the desert if for some reason they do decide to visit. This is a strategy of acknowledging the opposition that still desires to visit the desert. He starts by bringing in more examples from personal experience. This time he brings in the examples of two friends, John Du Pay wearing only "J.C. Penny high-tops on his feet and a plastic pack on his back" and Douglas Peacock carrying "a ninety-pound canvas pannier on his back". "
Abstract This paper discusses and reviews the book "Lee: The Last Years" by Charles Bracelen Flood. Flood's book looks at the final five years of Robert E. Lee's life after the American Civil War. It is a moving look about a man who gave so much to his people and yet always felt that he had given so little.
From the Paper "Lee was well respected, even by the Union troops, who he had once fought with before he resigned his commission and joined the Confederacy. Author Flood writes of a moving time just after the surrender at Appomattox, "When he realized that this was Lee leaving, he stopped and took off his hat. So did every other Union soldier in the yard" (Flood 13). Flood fills his book with emotional scenes like these, pulling the reader into the action and giving them a fuller idea of what Lee was really like, underneath the command and the power."
Abstract The paper discusses how the battle at Antietam ended the first attempt by the South at invading the North, with the army under the leadership of GeneralRobert E. Lee. The paper explains that the battle was inconclusive because while Lee withdrew, the Northern army under McClellan did not follow and so did not destroy the Southern army at this time. The paper shows, however, how the battle did set the stage for the Emancipation Proclamation, making slavery a more explicit subject for the rest of the war. The paper relates that this was something President Lincoln had not wanted to do in this manner, but which he embraced once it was possible.
From the Paper "At the time, General Lee was buoyed by his success at Bull Run but also uncertain about what to do next. He could not go after Pope's army because the later withdrew to Washington and was protected by a fort and by reinforcements. Analysts say he could have fallen back to the fortifications at Centreville, but he did not want to do this because the provisions and forage in that area had all been used up the year before. Lee had other choices he could have made, such as moving west or south, but he also faced the desire to deny the North the time to recover from recent defeats. A move to the west appealed most to Lee, and he was especially interested in an invasion of Maryland, with reasons that were military, political, and psychological."
Abstract This paper analyzes the way the literature of a certain culture portrays that culture. The focus of this paper is on the Asian-American immigrant population. The paper examines and compares two novels written by Asian-Americans, "China Boy" by Gus Lee and "The Hundred Secret Senses" by Amy Tan. The paper contends that the two novels share similarities in setting, the role of multiple languages and the belief in the Chinese spirit world. Nevertheless, the paper points out that these similarities exist only in the most general sense; these three shared themes are dealt with very differently in each book.
From the Paper "The United States of America is a country of immigrants. Throughout the history of our nation, people from all over the world have come to the United States. Disparate as their reasons for new so may be, all immigrants had to learn to cope with a similar situation. Living in a new and, to them, foreign nation, the immigrants had to come to terms with both their present and their past and how the two could be integrated. What that de facto meant is that the immigrants and their children had, in order to become successfully a part of the culture of the United State, to reconcile the culture of their homeland with American culture. This reconciliation was often unwilling or forced, and often fraught with problems. Nevertheless, immigrants often wanted to keep part of their old customs, even while adapting to America. In the twentieth century, America has experienced a wave of non-European immigrants."
A review of "The Americans" a book of photographs by Robert Frank which links different images to create a larger image of the American people in 1955.
1,800 words (approx. 7.2 pages), 4 sources, 2005, $ 71.95
Abstract This paper discusses the structure and importance of the book "The Americans," a book of photographs by Robert Frank. According to the paper, the introduction of this book is written by Jack Kerouac, a name with great appeal in the literary world at the time and a man with an affinity for the sort of American depicted in this book. This introduction added great appeal and contributed substantially to the book's success.
From the Paper "Robert Frank is a leading photographer whose book "The Americans" from 1955 changed photography and how it is viewed in many quarters. The photographs in this volume may seem familiar in form, just as the nature of the book as a whole may seem familiar because we are today accustomed to photo essays that present a theme through a series of photographs among which the precise relationship may not be readily apparent. When Frank published his book in 1955, though, this was a new approach, so new and different that the book had trouble finding a publisher. It was aided greatly by the introduction written by Jack Kerouac, a name with great appeal in the literary world at the time and a man with an affinity for the sort of America shown in this book by Frank. An examination of the book and some of the specific photographs shows why this book has had the influence it has had."
