Abstract
This paper explains that, by analyzing the similar and contrasting definitions of the use of the split infinitive, the reader can realize how different guides use different objectives to impart a meaning to various grammatical terms. The author points out that, in discussing the split infinitive, the "Webster Guide" makes a faulty assumption that popular literature and various theorists have defined the syntactical usage with a far wider meaning. The paper concludes that the definitions of the split infinitive as a misnomer appear logically and grammatically adequate in the "Webster Guide"; while the "Canadian Guide" provides a more detailed explanation of usage within certain styles of speech and writing. The paper includes several quotations.

From the Paper
"In this manner, the term is being nullified since it does not really represent a technical "splitting" of the infinitive within a technical usage format. The appurtenant aspect of the infinitive provides a grammatical explanation of why the "Webster Guide" does not agree that the term is valid in language other than slang. However, the "Guide to Canadian English Usage" tends to propose that, although a split infinitive may not be a correct form of writing, it can still be seen as a definitive explanation for syntactical alignment of these words within a social and standardized written context:"

Tags:standardized, misnomer, definitive, adverb, requirements

Abstract
In this paper, the writer provides three guidelines on the definition and the historical background of the split infinitive for English grammar usage. The writer points out that the similarities between the guidelines represented do not provide adequate historical validity to the proposed norms and commonalities for using the split infinitives. However, the writer maintains that the Webster Guide makes a faulty assumption that popular literature and various theorists have defined the syntactical usage with a far wider meaning.

Tags:split, infinitive, guidelines

Abstract
This paper discusses how the study of case marking patterns in language has aroused considerable interest over the last decade and how the animacy hierarchy is thought to play a key role in different case marking patterns. The paper explains that most ergative languages, however, do not have exclusively an ergative-absolutive basis and that the accusative-nominative patterns are usually present somewhere in the grammar. The result is a split ergativity in which A is marked for ergative case or left unmarked depending on the certain features in a language. This paper examines syntactic features of an unspecified language in the data and investigates the case marking system at the morphological level. The paper then argues how the split ergative patterns reflect the animacy hierarchy.

Outline:
Abstract
Introduction
The Syntactic Features
The Split Ergativity
Conclusion

From the Paper
"At the morphological level, typological research has suggested that a tendency for a split between accusative and ergative patterns occurs based on the tense/aspect of the verb, the activity of the predicate and/or the relative animacy of the noun phrases (De Lancey, 1981). It is said that ergative patterns are associated with verbs in the perfective aspect or the past tense, with stative predicates, and with noun phrases low in animacy. In addition, the distribution of ergative and accusative case marking patterns seem to be constrained by a universal hierarchy of nouns. In recent years, it is the animacy hierarchy that has received increasing attention when applied to the area of the study. "

Tags:Syntax, Semantics, animacy, hierarchy

Abstract
This paper examines the Sino-Soviet split and the international system during the Cold War era. It argues that the Sino-Soviet split did not have the dramatic effect on the international system that it might have had because the political and intelligence establishments in the United States believed that the Communist Bloc was unified in opposition to the West. To demonstrate this thesis, the paper will consider the evidence from primary sources such as speeches, policy statements by key Soviet, Chinese, and Western leaders, as well as supporting sources.

From the Paper
The Sino-Soviet Split and the International System This paper examines the Sino-Soviet split and the international system during the Cold War era. It argues that the Sino-Soviet split was not taken advantage of by the United States for more than a decade because the American political and intelligence establishments continued to believe that the Communist Bloc was unified in opposition to the West. To demonstrate this thesis, the paper will consider the evidence from primary sources such as

Tags:sino, soviet, split

Abstract
The paper analyzes four newspaper articles that mention English or grammar. The paper summarizes each article into one paragraph and the writer provides personal comments on the articles. The writer describes the articles as "on the border of humorous with a blend of seriousness." The writer further discusses how people often make mistakes in their writing and fail to proofread their work; these grammar mistakes can sound humorous.

From the Paper
"This article came from the newspaper, The Times, with the article, "Traditional Grammar Teaching Is Waste of Time, Say Academics." Notice the title has a mistake in it. It should be "says." The article states that English grammar does not give students writing skills. A study was completed by an English review group in York. The article states that no evidence in over 100 years has connected grammar with better writing skills. While sentence combining, has been beneficial in helping students gain improvements in their writing."

Tags:english, grammar, newspaper

Abstract
In this article, the writer presents a discussion of Nobel Laureate Roger Sperry's work in split-brain research. he split-brain experiments are discussed and related information is provided.

From the Paper
"The following presents a discussion of Nobel Laureate Roger Sperry's work in split-brain research. The split-brain experiments are discussed and related information is provided. This is followed by a conclusion. In the .... split-brain operations were carried out to help prevent epilepsy attacks that were too severe to be helped by medication. The operation was designed to stop the spread of an electrical discharge from one side of the brain to the other. When the corpus callosum is severed the electrical ..."

Tags:split, brain, research

Abstract
This essay paraphrases the stanzas in the poem "The Grammar of Silk' by Cathy Song and critically analyzes each with insight through the use of imagery and language.

Tags:grammar, silk, song

Abstract
An examination of the difficulties and strategies involved in teaching English grammar, especially to grade-school and high-school students. The paper emphasizes the different teaching theories of people such as Theodore Hipple, Arno Jewett, and Alan Puves.

From the Paper
"Modern grammar usage is ever changing as new methods once thought incorrect are now becoming acceptable. One way in which future English teachers can help students to see, understand, and learn from their mistakes is through grammar portfolios. Generally, a student may have many grammatical errors in a first draft of a piece of writing. If a student is able to see incorrect and corrected mistakes, he or she is more likely to improve his or her future pieces of writing more efficiently."

Tags:english, grammar, revision, teaching

Abstract
This paper discusses how interviewing children during therapy involves different skills than the process of interviewing adults and how as pointed out in Garbarino (1992), children do not have the same linguistic or cognitive competence as adults. Therefore, the process of interviewing children is necessarily unlike that of the process for interviewing adults, in that they often have different ways of communicating their thoughts and emotions than adults do. This summarizes the article, "Guidelines for Interviewing Children", which describes this delicate process."

Tags:interviewing, children, guidelines

Abstract
This paper explains that pedagogic grammar is grammar that provides useful descriptions of language forms and their function for pedagogical purposes, which can be organized and sequenced in textbook form to provide systematic teaching and learning as a descriptive and explanatory complement to other language learning activities. The author points out that implications drawn from learner-centered grammar instruction are that these extensive grammar rules and explanations should be presented in such a manner as to approximate the learner's hypothesis-formative process as far as possible. The paper concludes that the deformalization of pedagogical grammars may be through the avoidance of the jargon or keeping this jargon to a minimum to avoid elaborate or complicated analyses.

Table of Contents
Objective
Introduction
Psycholinguistics - Theoretical Framework
Descriptive - Prescriptive Grammar
Pedagogic Grammar
Communicative Competence in English-Language/Grammar
Linguistic
Two Cognitive Principles
Form-based: The Structuralist Theory
Form Selection
Concepts and Factors for Consideration in Analysis
Setting
Ends: Transnational, Interactional and Performative
Speech Events: Speech, Discourse or Speech
Learner-Centered Grammar Instruction Facts
Purpose of Analysis
Implications and Conclusion

From the Paper
"Pedagogical grammar within the English language is based historically on over 400 years of grammar the first of these being in 1580 by William Bullokar followed by the work of John Wallis in 1653 who studied English grammar not on the basis of the models in Latin grammar but within its own frame of reference. Due to the fact that most of the grammar was based on the Latin models there existed a heavy influence in the view of the expert in relation to the English language in the nature of and the terms for the descriptions."

Tags:deformalization, hypothesis-formative, descriptions, systematic, textbook