Abstract
This paper presents a policy briefly outlining where the province of Ontario is failing single parents on welfare (or, more generally, single parents struggling to survive economically). The paper explores the problem, the nature and history of the issue and the stakeholders involved. It then looks at what the government (at least at the provincial level) can do and what is being done in other (European) jurisdictions. Finally, the paper discusses two possible policy options that hold out significant promise.

Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
History of the Issue
Stakeholders and Policy Recommendations
Governments and the Issue
Economics and Politics
What other Jurisdictions are Doing
Two Possible Options that Might Work

From the Paper
"In the end, social workers concerned about the rampant phenomenon of single parents in Ontario finding themselves trapped on social welfare can generally agree that something different from the prevailing provincial approach to the issue is needed. First of all, the minimum wage needs to be raised to at least $10 per hour and OW benefits need to be increased, as well. Simply put, ridiculously low wages give people little incentive to leave welfare behind exacerbate the cycle of poverty. Furthermore, child care services need to be implemented in full in this province - and that means money should be put towards new facilities. A huge amount of money is not necessarily required, but if a small percentage of funds allocated for social welfare were instead put into state-funded childcare facilities, that might be just what single parents need in order to re-access the labor force."

Tags:welfare, wages, stakeholders, divorce

Abstract
This paper includes five short essays that address the following five questions: 1) Should the U.S. continue to invest in the space program; 2) Should oil drilling be allowed on public lands; 3) Are government-sponsored T.V. shows ok for children to watch; 4) Should the U.S. government provide parents with vouchers for school choice programs; and 5) Should alcohol and tobacco products be banned in the U.S.?

From the Paper
"According to U.S. National Space Policy, for half a century the U,.S. has led the world in space explanation and use and has developed a solid civil, commercial and national security foundation. For these and a variety of other reasons, America must continue to invest significantly in its space program. From my perspective there are two major issues that should serve as drivers for more investment in the space program. The first of these is the depletion of natural resources..."

Tags:Theodore Roosevelt, Star Wars, private school, minorities, lower-income, Prohibition, taxes, environment, natural resources

Abstract
This paper explains that, whereas marriage used to be an institution, which helped individuals gather and maintain wealth and eventually give some of it to the government, divorce is the great disperser of wealth because two households now must be supported thus stimulating the economy. The author points out that, if both partners work, they pay more proportionally because of the marriage tax; however, if the tax payer is a single head of household, the tax rate is significantly lower than for a married individual filing a separate income tax return; single head of household parents, who fall below a certain income level, are given special tax breaks called tax incentives to help pay for childcare. This paper relates that some states, like Louisiana, have actually changed their laws so that there are two types of marriage contract: The "Death Do Us Part" marriage, which requires extensive legal maneuvering to dissolve, or the "Until We Get Tired of Each Other" marriage, which makes marriage easier dissolve. Several long quotes.

From the Paper
"There have been studies that divorced fathers buy their children more toys and take them to more places of amusements than married fathers. Divorced fathers also need a social life, so they buy newer clothing and go to events where they can meet available divorced or single women. Divorced women also tend to over indulge their children, because they always feel guilty about leaving their children with the baby sitter. Divorced women with access to childcare also date. They buy new clothes and spend money on health clubs and dieting that they not do if they were happily married. All of this buying is good for the economy. The State governments get more sales tax money, the Gross National Product keeps raising and this keeps the Federal Government happy as well."

Tags:dowry, marriage-tax, no-fault, capitalists, lawyers

Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that the adoption process is one that should not be entered into lightly and one that professionals should take great responsibility ethically in providing necessary services to the birth parents who are considering entering into an adoption proceeding. The inequity of adoption laws are historically noted in this work as well as the failure of the legal system in protecting the birth parent from suffering associated with denial of information as to her child's well being. It is the belief of the researcher that provisions for adult disclosure of birth parent information and identification should be inclusive in laws and regulations governing adoptions in order to protect the individual who has everything to lose, and specifically for protection of the birth parent.

Outline:
Objective
Introduction
Statement of Thesis
Literature Review
Summary and Conclusion

From the Paper
"The rights of the birthparents should be given the most weight in the adoption process as compared to the adoptive parents. While the adoptive parents have much to gain, the birthparents are those who have much to lose if the adoption process is not handled properly, ethically, according to prescribed laws, and responsively as to the psychological needs of the birthparents who are giving up their child for adoption. The intention of the birthparents who give up the child for adoption generally is one that is noble and is directly based upon a decision to allow the child the opportunity for a better life than the birthparent is able to provide. However, after the child has become an adult, the goal of adoption has been successfully concluded and there should be no reason whatsoever that the birthparent and child should be hidden from one another legally."

Tags:adoption, child, mother, family, infant

Abstract
This paper shall present a policy brief outlining where the province of Ontario is failing single parents on welfare (or, more generally, single parents struggling to survive economically). The paper explores the problem, the nature and history of the problem, the stakeholders involved, what government (at least at the provincial level) can do, what is being done in other (European) jurisdictions, and two possible policy options that hold out significant promise.

Tags:option, Canada, poverty, family, poor

Abstract
This paper discusses that parental intervention in a child's education is important, irrespective of the parents' qualifications or financial status. The paper states that parental intervention in a child's education promotes growth of students and can be promoted by designing programs. The paper recommends that elementary school authorities should review the requirements of students in consultation with their parents and that parents should feel comfortable to communicate with the teachers. The paper concludes that parental involvement in elementary schools can be achieved only if it is legally mandatory and that governments should institute policies that call for equal participation of parents, teachers and elementary school authorities.

From the Paper
"Parental intervention in a child's education is important irrespective of the parent's qualification or financial status. Parental involvement promotes academic, emotional and social growth of students. It is beyond doubt that a child who dedicates more time for homework will perform well at school. A well completed homework enables a student to learn systematically. It will also reflect in the character of the child. Involvement in a child's home work enable parents to keep in pace with the lessons at school and know more about the performance of a child. This will also help them to communicate with their teacher in the case of poor performance or absence on a day. Other than homework, parents can teach children to spend their leisure time in a fruitful manner. They can advice children to engage in reading rather than spend time to watch television. Parental involvement in children's studies gives room for conversation. Parents can indulge in positive conversation by giving advice on good behavior and values which will evolve good character in a child. Parents can instill interest in a child's learning. Involvement of family in a child's learning thus influences the child's character and ability throughout life. The success of parent assisted children will be one step ahead of those who are deprived of it."

Tags:parent, elementary, school

Abstract
This paper examines how the New Right thinkers particularly focus on single parents in their attack on the decline of the traditional British family, as they believe that the best situation for children to be raised in is by two loving heterosexual and married parents. It looks at how these Right views are heavily associated with Thatcherism and how many of the thinkers are politicians, writers or moralists, who tend to support the Conservative government. It analyzes how they believe that the increasing amount of single parent families is largely to blame for the decline of the conventional nuclear family and how they claim that promiscuity, pre-martial sex, illegitimacy and divorce, which are now often common features of a modern relationship, come together with single parenting and take part in the extensive decline of the family.

From the Paper
"As society changes the family and relationships within it will inevitably also change. Many New Right thinkers have criticized some of the modern changes, as they believe that they undermine the importance of the family. For example, the 1969 Divorce Reform Act has allowed a greater freedom for couples who are unhappy within their marriages to separate. However New Right thinkers have heavily criticized this and have attacked governments as they believe that divorce threatens the commitment and responsibility that couples rightfully should devote to their marriages, as divorce provides such an accessible and easy escape if things should not go as planned."

Tags:feminism, functionalism, domestic, violence, child, abuse, contraception, divorce, career, women

Abstract
This paper explores the challenges for modern-day school leaders in providing equal effective education to all. The paper examines the bureaucratic and political problems that school principals and educators face in their attempt to overcome these hurdles and provide the best educational system for their students.

From the Paper
"As districts decentralize responsibility, politics at the school level takes on greater importance. The local school becomes a more consequential site of power. Political activity expands as more resources, responsibility, and decision-making authority are devolved to the local level and as debates regarding the logistics of that authority continue to rage."

Tags:administration, educational, political, politics

Abstract
This paper portrays the practices of a number of large organizations in Australia as pertains to paid parental leave. Factors influencing the decisions of these organizations are presented and international guidelines are discussed. The writer explains that the Australian government does not require paid leave , relying instead on private initiatives. The need for public discussion and a cohesive policy is underscored.

From the Paper
"There is presently no provision or policy for paid parental leave in Australia and access to such leave is much restricted. Individual enterprise efforts determine the extent to which this leave is available in the community and private sectors and there is still very little knowledge about the basis on which individual companies and businesses introduce the practice of paid parental leave. This paper has drawn upon a number of case studies pertaining to the practices followed in this regard by some large organizations in Australia. Different rationales and perspectives that influence the decisions in such organizations have been outlined in this paper along with the manner in which they are implemented. Paid parental leave continues to be a fundamental issue in effecting equal employment opportunities for women but research has indicated that the potential effect of such a practice is much curtailed by limitations that are imposed on formal entitlements. The basis for such leave is adversely impacted by the practical availability of other family benefits in the working and organizational environment."

Tags:policy, gender inequalities, maternity leave

Abstract
This paper examines corporate governance since Shell became a fusion of the Royal Dutch Petroleum Company, located in the Netherlands, and the Shell Company, based in the United Kingdom. It analyzes the merits of the British and Dutch systems of the newly merged company and looks at how, despite reservations on both sides, the Dutch structure of corporate governance is best to use as the model for the Shell of the future.

From the Paper
"The decision to dilute the British Shell's dual listed corporate structure is likely to arouse concern among those who feel that a decision to merge the two parents would leave the Dutch arm with excessive management control over the company's British interests. The British shareholders of Shell in particular feared that when the parent companies were merged the Netherlands system of monitoring would have a paramount influence. After the merger, the member of the board of directors and board of management are now to be appointed by both nation's shareholders, and the Dutch section of the company will be continued to be monitored by the supervisory tier of its corporate structure, including the company's transparency and disclosure change."

Tags:royal, dutch, petroleum, company