An evaluation of the ongoing debate across Canada over governmentfunding of organizations to challenge violations by the federal government of rights protected under the Charter of Rights and Freedom.
Abstract The paper shows how the issues involved in the debate over governmentfunding of organizations to challenge violations of rights protected are often complex and that arguments for and against governmentfunding both have merit. The paper explains that the relative merits of these respective arguments depend upon the specific violation involved, but concludes that in general, advocates of governmentfunding for challenges offer the most convincing arguments.
From the Paper "The Charter guarantees the fundamental freedoms of Canadian democracy, including freedom of conscience and religion; freedoms of thought, belief, opinion and expression; freedom of the press and other media of communication; freedom of peaceful assembly; and freedom of association. In addition, democratic rights such as voting, regular elections, and limits on Parliamentary sessions are guaranteed, as are mobility, legal, and equality rights.
"The problem is, many of these guaranteed rights cannot be adequately protected unless lengthy court action is pursued, which costs money. Proponents of government funding for challenges of violations consider this necessary because many Canadians are worried about enforcement of the guarantees in the Charter and are skeptical that their rights are being truly acknowledged by the government."
Abstract This paper supports the argument that educating students to use the Internet is one of the best and most effective ways of insuring their success once they graduate. The author argues that without the ability to use the knowledge that is available on the Internet, or World Wide Web, it is impossible to succeed in today's world. The Internet also serves as a window to the world for today's students and allows them to learn about other societies and promotes global awareness. The author argues that without more governmentfunding these skills will only be available to the wealthy who attend private schools, when these skills could open up the world to all students, rich or poor.
From the Paper "The Internet allows children to learn more about themselves and the world around them. The federal government currently allocates only about six percent of the funding for public schools with state and local governments picking up the remainder of the tab. he federal government deeply affects education through its policy making, regulatory, research and development activities. The government must further support and urge local and state governments to provide Internet access to children and to foster and support initiatives and activities that will enhance the learning process utilizing the Internet. What we put in our students today, they will give back ten times tomorrow."
Abstract This paper compares governmentfunding of political parties in three democratic countries: the United States, Great Britain and France. It looks at the significance of the issue of financing political party electoral campaigns. It concludes that all three countries have implemented changes in campaign finance regulations, but considers the government as a necessary source of some of the funds for political candidates and parties, but differ on the issues that have an impact on electoral activity.
From the Paper "political party electoral campaigns has long been a subject of discussion and as significantly of controversy. Given ..."
Tags: political parties, campaign finance, France, Great Britain, United States
Explores the way in which arguments are constructed for the pro and con positions regarding governmentfunding for abortions, emphasizing the pro position.
1,575 words (approx. 6.3 pages), 5 sources, 1993, $ 55.95
Introduction:
The intention of the following pages is to explore the way in which arguments are constructed for the pro and con positions regarding government funding for abortions. Although both positions will be summarized, the pro position will be examined in more detail.
The Abortion Polarities:
The essential abortion "debate" consists of two diametrically opposed positions. Those who favor abortion as an available option for women under a number of conditions, generally labeled the "pro-choice" position. Those of this mind-set contend that the fetus is essentially not yet human life, but tissue that is ..."
From the Paper "The issue of abortion is one of the most divisive social and political issue in America today. There are two opposing armies of dedicated true-believers, one opposing abortion under any circumstances because they view it as the murder of an unborn child, and the other upholding the idea of choice as an absolute allowing the woman to secure an abortion without hindrance at any point in her pregnancy. "
Abstract This paper examines the social conservative and social liberal perspectives on abortion and the right to life in the United States. In addition to examining the basic precepts of both camps, the paper also discusses some of the ways that the groups battle each other as well as some of the ways that the government has attempted to accommodate the views of both camps.
From the Paper "Subject: Politics Conservative and Liberal Perspectives on Abortion & What the U.S. Government Is Doing About Them Few social issues are as enflamed as is the abortion and right to life issue in the United States. The schism that exists on this issue between social conservatives and social liberals is just about as wide as such divides can be on an issue. In essence, the issue can be reduced to differences in ideological perspective. The social conservatives (hereafter conservatives) believe that it is immoral to have an abortion."
Abstract This paper argues that the U.S. government has been woefully remiss in addressing the deepening crisis in the public schools. The paper argues that the government's answer is always to throw more money at the educational system in a manner that only tends to deepen the crisis. The paper maintains that the problems with the public school system lay not in the lack of money being provided by the government, but in how the funds are allotted toward public education and the criteria for eligibility of those funds.
From the Paper "There is a lot of talk today about education, specifically the problems with our Public schools. It seems no matter what the problem, the solution is always to tax the people. The message from Congress to this regard is loud and clear: We like the public school system so much that we'll tax you billions of dollars to pay for it; we'll pass laws to mandate standardized national testing and curriculums; and we'll increase the Department of Education's budget every year. However, they don't like public schools enough to send their children there. Congress thinks Public schools are a great idea for our kids, but not for theirs. The three R's of education are not reading, 'riting, and 'rithmetic -- they're retreating, requiring, and rejecting. If Congresspersons aren't willing to risk their own children's futures on a failing public education system why are we?"
Abstract This paper discusses the highly controversial issue of abortion, beginning with a look at the famous case that made abortion legal and the moral and legal questions that make the subject so controversial. The paper presents arguments on both sides of the debate and concludes with the author's own opinion and how she was influenced by the research done for this paper.
From the Paper "The expulsion of a fetus from the uterus before it can survive on its own. This is how Merriam-Webster?'s Collegiate ?? Dictionary defines abortion. From the beginning of its legality, abortion has been a hotly debated subject. In 1973 the Supreme Court ruled in Roe v. Wade that a woman?'s right to privacy gives her the right, free from state interference, to terminate a pregnancy. In this ruling, Supreme Court Justice Harry Blackmun divided pregnancy into three stages. In the first stage, called a trimester, abortion was to be legal for any reason for the woman, whether the reason was medically or socially driven. In the second trimester, state?'s interest in the health of the mother gave it the right to regulate abortions. In the third trimester, at the time of viability, the state?'s interest in the potential for life would allow for them to only make legal abortions available for the life or health of the mother. This is where we derive the definition provided above for abortion."
Abstract This paper discusses why the current financial funding system for Amtrak doesn't work and what needs to be changed. The writer claims that Amtrak is doomed to failure, even with government subsidies, if it does not improve service, become more efficient and find ways to increase revenue not just rider-ship. It examines the type of governmentfunding which have been recieved since the 1970's and how, in the current economic climate of America, finances of Amtrack need to change.
From the Paper "Congress initially created Amtrak in 1970 as a for-profit organization, offering national rail service. It was signed into existence in 1971 and to date has never produced a profit. In 1997, Congress's Amtrak Reform and Accountability Act stipulated that the rail system had to achieve operational sufficiency by the end of 2002 and prohibits Amtrak from using any federal funds for operating expenses after fiscal 2002."
Abstract This paper focuses on Government to Citizen (G2C) transactions mainly in the US. These include citizens? services and digital democracy. The concept of electronic government is to provide services and information to citizens electronically, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. As the demand for electronic services increases, governments are challenged to provide these services to citizens. Digital democracy may be defined as any electronic exchange of value in the democratic process. The spectrum includes Online Campaigns, Internet Voting, and Constituency Participation.
What is e-government?
Citizens Services
Digital Democracy
Political Online Campaigning
Disadvantages of Web advertising
Online Fund Raising
Internet Voting
On-line Voting Initiatives
Why Internet voting?
Requirements of an Internet voting system
Security Problems meeting requirements of an Internet voting system
Implementation Problems
Vision
The Impact of the Internet on Democracy
Direct Democracy
Representative Democracy
Digital Divide
Conclusion ? The year 2005
Abstract The role of the federal government in determining policies and practices in the nation's school is traced. The author contends that the federal agency's role is limited, and may involve little more than seeing that applications for funding are properly submitted, compliance or audit issues resolved and money disbursed in timely fashion.
From the Paper "Critics of federal involvement in public schools say that state and local authorities understand better what kind of standards and practices their school districts need. Some also believe that national standards or testing will inevitably lead to a national curriculum, the contents of which may be fiercely opposed by some local school boards. Finally, critics say that increased federal involvement adds another expensive bureaucratic layer to the educational system. In the United States education is supposed to be a responsibility of the sub-national governments. However, the federal government intervenes often to define curricula and standards, to grant research money, to regulate, to allocate scholarships, and so forth. This problem is, of course, not limited to the United States."
This paper is a review of literature and a proposal for research concerning superintendents of small school districts, their relationship between ethics, mandates, laws, and regulations and the process of funding school districts.
Abstract The paper states that there is a critical need for research into the relationships between alternate patterns of educational governance and the ability to mobilize human energy. The paper recommends that research should be done to show how schools can restructure many of their programs to meet the laws and regulations while meeting the needs of the schools. The paper concludes that the hypothesis of this survey research will illustrate how funds and grants should be issued, related to the individual needs of the school and the relationship with the superintendent.
From the Paper "The top ten factors that influence teachers applying for administration positions are relationship among the board, administration, and teachers; salary, community support, quality of community life, impact of the administrative position on home life, reputation of superintendent, poor working conditions, and the control of the board and the superintendent. Basically this shows that the decisions and actions of the superintendent affect stakeholders. The role of the superintendent is an important one when it comes to the district personnel and the shared vision of the school."
Abstract The Israeli broadcasting system is extensive and sophisticated. Much of it is government-funded, and it is utilized by the government to get its message out both to the Israeli people and to the rest of the world regarding issues of import and especially regarding attitudes toward and relations with Israel's Arab neighbors.
From the Paper "INTRODUCTION
The Israeli broadcasting system is extensive and sophisticated. Much of it is government-funded, and it is utilized by the government to get its message out both to the Israeli people and to the rest of the world regarding issues of import and especially regarding attitudes toward and relations with Israel's Arab neighbors. Many of the television and radio outlets not only broadcast their signal but make it available on the Internet and so reach even more of the world than would otherwise be the case. The system has grown rapidly because it has been empowered by the government in a desire to convey its message to the outside world as well as to the people, based on the view that an informed populace would be better prepared for the sorts of crises that face this small country surrounded by..."
Abstract This paper explores whether policy endogeneity partially explains the negative relationship generally reported between parental involvement laws and abortion rates, since parental involvement laws are found to be negatively related to both teen and adult abortion rates. Since parental involvement laws may be more likely to be passed in jurisdictions with a higher level of anti-abortion sentiment, both the laws and anti-abortion sentiment may be responsible for lower abortion rates. To explore this possible interrelatedness, a religiosity-level variable was used as a proxy for anti-abortion sentiment, since anti-abortion sentiment might affect abortion rates directly and indirectly through the greater likelihood of the enactment of parental involvement laws.
From the Paper "The relationship of parental involvement laws and religiosity level to abortion rates was analyzed for teens and adults; regressions were estimated for four age groups: 15-19, 20-24, 25-29, and 30-34 years old. Residence county-level 1995 abortion rates were regressed against parental involvement laws and religiosity levels as well as several control county-level variables--restrictive public funding, unemployment rate, population density, percent of college graduates, extent of poverty, percent of married-couple families, and geographic region. The sample consisted of the 1,008 counties from the 17 states that reported abortion numbers by county and by age group."
Tags:abortion, involvement, laws, parental, rates, research, study
Abstract This paper contends that few topics in American politics are more explosive and more divisive than abortion. It explains that although the legal history of abortion is relatively short, it is complicated and continues to be actively debated and pursued by activists on both sides of the argument: pro-choice activists are refocusing their fight to achieve greater access to abortions for all women and pro-life activists, while combating these new pro-abortion pursuits, continue to fight for an overturning of the original decision that led to the legalization of abortion, Roe v. Wade. This paper reviews a representation of the literature on the abortion debate, as well as the legal history and moral debate.
From the Paper "More than thirty years after Roe the jury is still out. Few topics in American politics are more explosive and more divisive than abortion. Perhaps this is because it encompasses a vast combination of one's constitutional rights, moral issues, religious belief .."
