Abstract
This ten-page undergraduate paper argues that the government cutbacks and restructuring of the past two decades, whereby care was largely moved from the health care system to the home, resulted in excessive burdens on women caregivers and in elder abuse. Care needs to more evenly distributed.

Abstract
This paper takes a look at global defense companies and the adaptations they have been forced to make over the years, in order to survive. According to the paper, defense spending has resulted in increased production of goods and services needed to satisfy the increased demand, a process that contributes to higher income and employment in the economy. The paper discusses how cutbacks influence the general economy.

Outline:
Chapter One: Introduction
Chapter Two: What are the Research and Development (R&D) Options for Companies such as NGC?
Chapter Three: What Options will be Most Beneficial to the Employees and the General Public of the U.S.?
Chapter Four: Can the U.S. Remain a Superpower and Protect Its People from Terrorism while Reducing Its Military?
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In spite of these changes in the nature of the threats being arrayed against the U.S. at home and its interests and allies abroad and despite President Bush's articulation of specific campaign promises to "skip a generation" in weapons procurement, all three of the Pentagon's advanced fighter plane programs continued to receive funding; in fact, in 2002 alone, almost $12 billion was allocated to the Air Force's F-22 Raptor, the Joint Strike Fighter/F-35, and the Navy's F-18E/F fighter plane (Ciarroco, 2002). According to Ciarroco, "The F-22 has been described as a costly cold war relic designed for an enemy that no longer exists. The Super Hornet, as the F-18E/F is known, has not been able to meet key performance goals that were used to justify its development" (2002, p. 2). The JSF (also known as the F-35) was considered one of the more likely programs to be cut or scaled back; within weeks of September 11, 2001, though, Lockheed Martin was awarded a $19 billion development contract, and international partners formally joined (Ciarroco, 2002). "

Tags:NGC, weapons, research, development, defense, budget, battlefields, pentagon, government

Abstract
This research paper attempts to determine what will happen to the employees of companies such as NGC if the U.S. government deems it necessary to reduce current spending amounts on military systems. To this end, this study considers the research and development (R&D) options for companies such as NGC, specifically, which options will be most beneficial to the employees and the general public of the U.S. Moreover, this paper looks at whether the U.S. can remain a superpower in order to protect its people from terrorism, while reducing its military expenses.

Outline:
Chapter One: Introduction
Context of the Problem
Statement of the Problem
Research Questions
Significance of the Study
Research Design and Methodology
Organization of the Study
Chapter Two: What are the Research and Development (R&D) Options for Companies such as NGC?
Chapter Three:What options will be most beneficial to the employees and the general public of the U.S.?
Chapter Four: Can the U.S. Remain a Superpower and Protect Its People from Terrorism while Reducing Its Military?
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In recent years, many pundits have been heard lamenting the loss of the 'good old days of Communism,' when America's enemies were well demarked and neatly contained in known geographic areas. By sharp contrast, today, the terrorist threats arrayed against the United States and its interests at home and abroad are dramatically different than years past, and even the most enthusiastic weapons systems advocates would likely be reluctant to suggest that such innovations would prove effective against these increasingly nebulous threats to America's security. In spite of the growing need for more sophisticated weapons and communications systems on the battlefield, some analysts suggest that the Department of Defense has failed to continue the pace of modernization projects that was historically maintained during the Cold War. One author emphasizes that, "It would be wrong to say U.S. forces have reached the point where they are forced to use obsolete weapons and equipment. On the other hand, according to the department, the need to step up modernization funding is growing with each passing year" (Brasher, 2000, p. 203). This is not to say, of course, that the new types and levels of threats have been ignored, but rather that defense spending is not being used to its maximum advantage today, but the policymakers are trying."

Tags:america, spending, cutbacks, budget, military, systems

Abstract
This paper presents research, which shows the implications, by the year 2015, for a global defense company if there are cutbacks of more than 20 percent of the U.S. federal budget. The author presents an analysis of current projects to indicate how funding is used towards military sustainment and how projected cuts could affect those projects. The paper demonstrates how the employees of global defense companies, the military and the general population of the United States could be affected. The methodology for this study is content analysis.

Table of Contents:
Introduction
Context of the Problem
Statement of the Problem
Research Questions
Significance of the Study
Research Design and Methodology
Organization of the Study
What are the Research and Development (R&D) Options for Companies such as NGC?
Table:Government Contractors in Court
What Options will be Most Beneficial to the Employees and the General Public of the U.S.?
Table: Factors Mitigating the Impacts of Military Base Closures
Table: Recapitulation and Summary of Base Closure Journal Articles and Texts
Table: Recapitulation and Summary of Influences on Defense R&D Journal Articles and Recent Media Reports
Overview of Northrop Grumman
Table: Current R&D Initiatives by Northrop Grumman.
Overview of Boeing
Table: Current R&D Initiatives by Boeing
Overview of Lockheed Martin
Table: Current R&D Initiatives by Lockheed Martin
Potential Research and Development Initiatives
Robotics and Robot Companions for the Elderly
Water Desalination Initiatives
Video Games
Can the U.S. Remain a Superpower and Protect Its People from Terrorism while Reducing Its Military?
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The quantitative aspects of the water supply have been widely studied as to specific regions of the world and it is possible to view these trends on a global level. According to Starr (1996), the next few decades are going to be characterized by conflicts - even wars - over increasingly scarce water resources. This author reports that, "Nature annually contributes in fresh water to the world's continents about ten times the world's water use for all purposes. On average, about 70 percent flows to the sea in seasonal floods."

Tags:adjustment options, content analysis, northrop grumman, water

Abstract
While we live in a time of apparently unprecedented prosperity, although, admittedly, a recession may occur in the immediate future, we also live in an era defined by government cutbacks in areas of social welfare. This apparent policy paradox of great prosperity coexisting with extreme conservatism in budgetary policy will be the focus of this essay. It will argue that the explanation for this "paradox" lies, not in finance or economics, but in the fragmented social dynamic of our society. In this analysis, poverty will be shown to be as much a political as an economic construct. However, the prevailing political orthodoxy with respect to poverty and social spending is not likely to change, it will be argued, until economic despair grips a large portion of the population.

Abstract
This paper looks at how current administration is spending money on public health programs and evaluates whether it is really enough. It analyzes whether spending money without restructuring the process in America is really going to have the sort of outcome that the country needs. It examines how the nation is becoming more focused on the "what ifs" of public health care than on focusing on the state of public health as it currently exists due to factors such as biological warfare. It discusses the need for public health programs to prepare in case such attacks occur, but also the need of public health and safety to assist us with the world that we are living in today. A world where people are dying because they do not have access to funds, because programs and cutbacks are shutting the doors.

From the Paper
"Governmental agencies may be advertising grant programs that may at first not necessarily look like public health type block grants. For example the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development offers grant opportunities often that end up keeping the public health infrastructure complete. The Department of Housing and Urban Development the Indian Community Development Block grant (ICDBG) program. ?The Indian Community Development Block grant program provides eligible grantees with direct grants for use in developing viable Indian and Alaska Native Communities, including decent housing, a suitable living environment, and economic opportunities, primarily for low and moderate income persons. Eligible applicants include any Indian tribe, band, group, or nation including Alaskan Indians, Aleuts, and Eskimos or Alaska Native village, which has established a relationship to the Federal government as defined in the program regulations."

Tags:cutbacks, biological, warfare, aids, money, government

Abstract
This essay deals with four areas which are causing Canadian National Parks to disappear--extreme government cut-backs, identity crisis, improper management and ecosystem destruction. It also suggests ways in which the government can change its polices to save these parks.

From the Paper
"Canadians look at the infamous National Park's landscape and see a vast and beautiful range of Canada at its best. Unfortunately, what one sees is often deceiving. The truth is that the state of Canada's National Parks is alarming. Entire species are disappearing, vegetation is being destroyed by development and urbanization, and the pristine lakes and rivers are being contaminated by pollution. The Canadian Government has not been fulfilling its managerial role in protecting the essential resources that are comprised in Canada's National Parks. The problems that have generated in the Park's system have often dismissed due to their seemingly insignificant characteristics. Unfortunately, all of the insignificant problems joined together to create a devastating picture of dysfunctionality of the National Parks. There are four pivotal points that have caused the Park's disastrous spiral aimed at oblivion. Extreme cuts to the Parks Canada's budget has forced them to compromise their principles on how the parks should be run, and resorted to doing what they could. Parks Canada has found itself in an extreme identity crisis, as financial pressures are pitting conflicting philosophies against one another. The Canadian Government is the root which many, if not all of the posing threats the National Parks has emerged from. Their improper management and mentality has potentially shattered any chance of Canada's ecosystem to flourish. Until the Canadian Government stops seeing the nation's national Parks yet another way to generate a clever income for their institution, the parks will continue to lose their ecological integrity until they fade from man's sight completely."

Tags:canada, crisis, cutbacks, degredation, forestry, government, identity, management, national, park

Abstract
This paper focuses on the problem of homelessness in Toronto, which is an ever-growing problem facing the city. The paper explains that the materialization of this problem has not been caused by one single action or event. Rather, it has been growing due to several factors facing homeless individuals, as well as the society and the government. This paper will discuss the extent of the problem of homelessness in Toronto, the problems that the homeless people are facing today as well as the factors that have led to a rise in homelessness, including the cutbacks in social programmers and policy by the government. Finally, the paper will discuss what needs to be done in order to deal with this problem.

From the Paper
"Homelessness in Toronto is an ever-growing problem facing the city. The materialization of this problem has not been caused by one single action or event. Rather, it has been growing due to several factors facing homeless individuals, as well as the society and the government. This paper will discuss the extent of the problem of homelessness in Toronto, the problems that the homeless people are facing today as well as the factors that have led to a rise in homelessness, including the cutbacks in social programmers and policy by the government. Finally, the paper will discuss what needs to be done in order to deal with this problem."

Tags:vagrancy, north, america, transient, poverty

Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that homelessness in Toronto is an ever-growing problem facing the city. The materialization of this problem has not been caused by one single action or event. Rather, it has been growing due to several factors facing homeless individuals, as well as the society and the government. This paper discusses the extent of the problem of homelessness in Toronto, the problems that the homeless people are facing today as well as the factors that have led to a rise in homelessness, including the cutbacks in social programmers and policy by the government. Finally, the writer discusses what needs to be done in order to deal with this problem.

From the Paper
"Homeless people also face many barriers to accessing the healthcare system, sometimes simply because they do not have a permanent address or because their health card has been stolen. Furthermore, there are prevailing false beliefs and stereotypes about the homeless, particularly since historically homelessness has been linked to vagrancy. Many still believe that homelessness in the result of an inadequacy or failure of an individual rather than the responsibility of the society. Many studies have pointed to the fact that the increase in the number of homeless citizens significantly burdens many other services: health, legal, employment etc."

Tags:shelters, conditions, risk, Toronto

Abstract
The paper focuses on the Texas Workforce Commission and the California Labor and Workforce Development Agency and their similar purpose of assisting displaced workers with unemployment benefits.
The paper examines the policies that are implemented and maintained by these agencies and how California has been involved in cutback and surplus management. The paper concludes that developing strategies for success during times of economic crises is no easy task and one that must not be taken lightly.

Outline:
The Purpose of This Agency
Policies That are Implemented and Maintained by This Agency
How This Department is Involved in Cutback and Surplus Management
How This Department is Involved in Funding to State or Other Governments
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Developing strategies for success during times of economic crises is no easy task and one that must not be taken lightly. Many states throughout the United States are facing economic turmoil and find themselves juggling finances in order to meet overwhelming needs. Despite residing in different states, Team A selected the Texas Workforce Commission and the California Labor and Workforce Development Agency, respectively. Although in different states, the purpose of the commission is the same: assisting displaced workers with unemployment benefits."

Tags:cutback, debt, surplus, management, deficit