Abstract This paper explains that the Gothicstyle was more or less successfully translated to the construction of the Christ Church Cathedral of Montreal. The author points out that, originally, this style was developed in England in the early part of the nineteenth century and became a defining style in Canadian architecture from the 1840's to the early twentieth century.
Abstract This paper discusses interior design during and after the Gothic revival of the late eighteenth century, noting that True Gothic architecture originally developed from the Romanesque style, emerging in the twelfth century. According to the paper, this style dominated until the beginning of the Renaissance in the fifteenth century. Gothic architecture is noted for size and elaborate decoration. However, Gothic architecture is first defined in terms of a change in Romanesque church architecture when diagonal ribs were added to the groin-vault, as is first seen at the Abbey Church of St. Denis near Paris.
From the Paper "Gothic architecture developed in the twelfth century and was revived several times, notably with a major revival beginning in the eighteenth century and spreading throughout Europe and to America. Gothic interior design was included, though it changed over this time and was often more an evocation of the Gothic rather than an actual copy of the original style. From the mid-eighteenth century until the rise of Fascism in this century was a long era in Italian history during which certain trends cold be observed that linked the decades together. At the beginning of this era, Italy as a country did not exist. "
Abstract This paper describes Gothic architecture of the high and late Medieval period. It particularly focuses on the style of the Abbey Church of St. Denis near Paris, discussing its linear design, light and color. The paper discusses the style of Gothic churches and how their design (such as their arches and linear patterns) is aimed at causing the viewer to look upwards towards God.
From the Paper " One is left to imagine how such structures impressed visitors of centuries ago, many of them illiterate or otherwise uneducated, for whom at least popular Christianity and Roman Catholic Church authority were extremely important psychological bearings. The unusual, often very pale light of larger Gothic churches is much promoted by wall surfaces that can seem like transparent curtains towards a feeling of weightlessness with higher reaches of a structure featuring many smaller windows but with the observer's eye naturally drawn to what are often large panels of light afforded by stained glass windows of different kinds. Windows are often seen of the 'lancet' design that appear singly, or grouped together in rows, in some churches giving the impression of a kind of fortress lined by vertical slits, part of the upward verticality that all such churches feature. When examining Gothic church architecture one locates far more than understanding of the power or authority of Rome, in what can be a strong insight into the medieval mind, in a view of society as was thought to be logical and proper, and in other insights into just what Gothic cathedrals have meant, some of them through time and into the present, for the residents of dozens of European cities for whom the landmark cathedral has offered constant reminders of another dimension that is decidedly a-material, and yes, a sense of the principal church as the proper orientation point for human society in a manner that lingers."
Abstract This paper compares Gothic architecture and Renaissance architecture, showing the change that came over architecture with the shift from the more massive and decorated style of the Gothic to the cleaner classical lines of the Renaissance, a period which also borrowed from the Moslem style to make new use of the dome, as in religious buildings by Brunelleschi.
From the Paper "Gothic architecture developed from the Romanesque style and emerged in the twelfth century. It prevailed until the Renaissance beginning in the fifteenth century. Gothic architecture was marked by size and elaborate decorations. However, Gothic architecture was first defined in terms of a change in Romanesque church architecture diagonal ribs were added to the groin-vault, as was first seen at the Abbey Church of St. Denis near Paris (Frankl 1). In part because of its origins, Gothic architecture has long been associated with France and is considered a French style, though in fact, others used it as well. Gothic architecture is probably represented for many people by Notre-Dame de Paris, a facade known from countless stories and other representations as well as for itself. "
Abstract This paper looks at the fundamental characteristics of the Gothic literary form including horror, terror, and intensely dark and shadowy settings. The author examines the works of Horace Walpole, Ann Radcliffe, and concentrates primarily on the personal gothicstyles of Edgar Allen Poe in "The Fall of the House of Usher". The paper includes Poe's biography and how his life circumstances affected his writing.
From the Paper "The haunted and luckless life of Edgar Allan Poe ended in 1849, but the body of literature that this life produced lives on as a legacy to the literary world. Although the Gothic genre of literature faded into near obscurity by the end of the nineteenth century, Poe's sense of suspense and tendency for terror became a major influence in the development of the genres of mystery, science fiction and horror that emerged in the twentieth century. It is a legacy that was born in the early twentieth century writings of authors such as H.P. Lovecraft. It is a legacy that was reborn in Anne Rice's vampires and one that lives on in Stephen King's Overlook Hotel. It is a legacy that will live on, quoth the authors, "Evermore".
Abstract This paper discusses how the Gothicstyle of architecture was born in Paris, France and spread throughout Europe. With standard elements of stained glass, ribbed vaults, and pointed arches, the Gothicstyle is easily recognizable from its origins and influence. The paper examines some key pieces of architecture such as Notre Dame, the Abbey Church of St. Denis and the Cathedral of Sens and the paper contains images and pictures as illustrations.
From the Paper "The Abbey Church of St. Denis was renovated by the Abbot Suger of the city in 1137. It was built around a pre-existing Carolingian church which was left standing because it was said to have been consecrated by Christ himself . Added to the Carolingian church were a two towered narthex and a choir. Individual Gothic elements of the new facade were combined for the first time at St. Denis like double towers, sculpted portals, a round window, and vertical compositions in groups of three . The new Gothic choir consisted of a double ambulatory, seven radiating chapels, glass stained windows, rib vaults, and pointed arches. Influences for St. Denis came from the cathedrals of Durham (ribbed vault), Caen (skeletal frame and linear quality of walls), and Angevin (light and space) ."
Abstract The paper discusses the movement away from classical designs in the Romantic Period. The paper describes the new taste for Gothic architecture that was a response to science and technology that challenged old views and ideas of reality. The paper looks at John Vanbrugh's Blenheim Palace, Horace Walpole's magnificent Strawberry Hill residence and Hagley Park's Gothic ruin as examples of the Gothicstyle in the 18th century.
From the Paper "Between 1750 and 1850 in Europe, a new artistic style arose and prospered in Europe, one which is now referred to as the Romantic Period. This period originated toward the end of the 18th century in Germany, where critics wished to distinguish between "modern" traits and "classical" traits, such as those found in ancient Greek and Roman art forms. At this time, many artisans and supporters of the arts in Europe, particularly in England where Romanticism in literature began, revolted against the observable regularity of classical art and moved instead toward a style that had its beginnings some four hundred years before during the Medieval Era."
Tags: Greek, Roman, Blenheim, Palace, Strawberry, Hill
Abstract This paper discusses how author Mary Shelley utilizes both romanticism and Gothicstyles in her classic novel "Frankenstein". More specifically, the paper examines how Shelley uses romantic and Gothic conventions to a draw a parallel between the character of Victor and his creation.
From the Paper "Both Victor and the monster embark on typical Romantic quests, again drawing a parallel between the two. In Romantic literature, characters explore the unknown, often in search of irrational explanations. Victor journeys into the realm of creationism and takes on a God-like persona. "Life and death appeared to me ideal bounds, which I should first break through, and pour a torrent of light into our dark world. A new species would bless me as its creator and source; many happy and excellent natures would owe their being to me" (52). Victor yearns for incomparable knowledge and is willing to isolate himself from happiness and support to attain it. "And the same feelings which made me neglect the scenes around me caused me also to forget those friends who were so many miles absent, and whom I had not seen for so long a time" (52). "
Abstract This paper looks at the evolution of gothicism in literature from the classic gothic tale "The Tell-Tale Heart" by Edgar Allen Poe to two of Stephen King's short stories, "Strawberry Spring" and "I Know What You Need."
From the Paper "Gothicism began as a type of imitation medieval-ism using medieval effects such as subterranean dungeons, secret passageways, flickering lamps, screams, moans, bloody hands, ghosts, graveyards and other emblems of dark mysterious evil as its texture .."
Tags:gothic, horror, Stephen King, Edgar Allen Poe, Strawberry Spring, I Know What You Need, The Tell-Tale Heart
Abstract This literature review research paper examines the history of the Mission Style (Arts and Crafts) furniture and style movement. The brief history of materials and style gives a feeling of how this movement evolved and grew into the Prairie home style, which includes home design. It explains how modern reaction to the computer age has adapted the Mission style furniture to include modern materials and mass production to enable more people the opportunity to enjoy the style, function, and feeling of the original-era furniture.
From the Paper "The start of the Mission Style furniture era started in San Francisco, California in 1894. This Mission Style movement started in the Mission Communities in California when the Missions were training people to be furniture craftspeople. Often the materials they used were what were available locally. These materials included timber, fine wood, finishes, blacksmith nails, castings and hardware. (Mission Furniture 1980). The furniture built in this Mission Style was and is a blend of form and function that blends the natural beauty and warmth of the materials used."
Abstract This business paper discusses management styles. Autocratic, democratic, laissez-faire, and situational leadership styles are analyzed. Since scenarios keep changing and especially because the recent years have seen vast transformation in organizations all over the world, the situational style of management is identified as the most appropriate approach.
Abstract This paper provides an insight to the architectural styles in the United States' Key West and discusses the most predominant type of architecture there; the conch style. The author details the origins of conch houses and how they were adapted to the tropical weather of the Florida Keys. The paper also explains how the Key West architecture now has its roots in the conch houses of the original settlers, but also in the Bahamas, Africa, and even New England. In addition, other architectural styles are briefly described as well as how building codes have affected the landscape.
From the Paper "These homes are also aesthetically pleasing to most people and they have a lot to offer to the right person who is looking for a home to call his or her own in Key West or one of the other islands that make up the Florida Keys. They reflect the heritage of the area and the settlers who came from many other places to make their homes there on Key West. They also reflect the island life and the beauty of a climate that is so very tropical and sunny and warm most of the time. The conch house is not the only game in town, though, when it comes to where a person can live on Key West."
Abstract This paper addresses differences in learning styles between boys and girls. It looks at culture and social issues of gender differences. The paper cites studies that show differences between boys and girls in terms of cognitive processing, not cognitive abilities. The paper looks at the need of schools to tailor instruction to students' diverse learning styles.
From the Paper "Learning style according to Gurian simply refers to the individual and diverse ways in which students process information. With respect to learning styles Miller informs that existing ..."
Abstract This paper discusses the different learning styles and language proficiency in terms of second language acquisition. It provides an overview of learning styles and their effects on language skills and variables. The paper looks at learning theories and contains an outline.
Tags: Learning style, language proficiency, second language acquisition, English as a second language
Abstract This paper describes the characteristics of each of the styles of leadership. The author points out the kinds of messages sent from each of the styles. The paper relates the bias toward democratic leadership.
From the Paper "In a seminal and much-cited article on the subject of leadership, Lewin, Lippitt and White coined the term democratic-style leadership to refer to a method of managing that involved give and take between leaders or managers and the people whose jobs they were guiding. Later identified with group leadership, democratic leadership was valorized vs. autocratic leadership on one side and laissez-faire leadership on the other. One may readily infer the bias in favor of democratic leadership style from the mere naming of the other style terms."
