Abstract
This essay is written in dialogue form as an imaginary interview with the British poet Gerard Manley Hopkins, conducted by the Abbot of St. Beuno, where Hopkins studied theology during his novitiate, and where he wrote two of the three sonnets discussed. It assumes that the later sonnet also dates from this period. It discusses the ideas that underlie each of the three poems, especially the ideas from Hamlet on which Hopkins drew in writing "Carrion Comfort."

From the Paper
"ABBOT Brother Gerard, good that you come so quickly. GMH My lord abbot, my duty is to obey. ABBOT Even so. Dear brother, you know that as a Jesuit, you must adhere to standards above those to which the laity aspires. I discuss the progress of candidates, to see that they are called to the Society of Jesus. GMH Yes, father abbot. ABBOT I understand that although you wrote poetry before entering your novitiate, you burned your poems. GMH Not entirely, my lord abbot. While I felt that they were worthy..."

Tags:hopkins, sonnets, prosody

Abstract
"Matthew Arnold, in "Dover Beach" (1848?), and Gerard Manley Hopkins, in "God's Grandeur" (1877), are both concerned with the question of the presence of God or religious faith in the world.

From the Paper
"Matthew Arnold, in "Dover Beach" (1848?), and Gerard Manley Hopkins, in "God's Grandeur" (1877), are both concerned with the question of the presence of God or religious faith in the world. Neither poet actually asks a question, however, as Arnold sees the "Sea of Faith" withdrawing from the world, while Hopkins enthusiastically perceives God's presence in everything around him. Both poets, however, see human failure to appreciate God as part of the problem of their own times. But where Arnold sees the only option as withdrawal from a world with neither "certitude, nor peace, nor help for pain", Hopkins regrets the blindness of human beings who have come to dissociate themselves from God, even though He is always there in the world. A comparison of the two poems demonstrates not only the difference in their views of religion but the manner in which these ..."

Abstract
This paper presents a short biography of Gerard Manley Hopkins, followed by an analysis of his sonnet, "Thou Art Indeed Just, Lord". The author notes that none of Hopkins work were published until after his death at age 44 from typhoid fever. The paper relates that he gave up writing for a while after he became a Jesuit priest and destroyed all his earlier work.

From the Paper
"Gerard Manley Hopkins was born in Stratford in England on July... . He was the son of a prosperous and artistic family and studied Classics at Balliol College, Oxford in ... . In two years after reading John Henry Newman's ... "

Tags:Gerard Manley Hopkins

Thou Art Indeed Just, Lord

sonnet

Abstract
This paper examines how the new age of scientific certainty in the 19th and 20th centuries generated feelings of doubt about Christianity and its validity. In particular, it looks at how, amid the industrialization and the progressive transformation of the world, modernist writers, such as Gerard Manley Hopkins and William Butler Yeats, explored their beliefs and faith in a higher power. It analyzes how Hopkins's poem, "God's Grandeur," celebrates the greatness of God and Christianity, while Yeats's "The Second Coming" depicts the chaos of his time and questions the role of Christianity and the Christian values of the 20th century. It shows how the poems of both Hopkins and Yeats acknowledge the presence of a higher power through religious allusions, imagery, and the context in which the poems were written.

From the Paper
"Understanding the meaning behind Yeats "Second Coming" entails knowledge of the context, which illuminates the speakers' quest for a higher power. The poem is dated 1919, a year after the end of WW1, the war that came to be known as "The Great War" (Longman, 925), and characterized by its chaos, atrocities and complete destruction. The speakers' says, "Things fall apart; the center cannot hold" (3), referring not only to the global conflicts of his time, but also to the advance in technology that mechanized warfare and led to a frightening number of deaths (Longman, 926). In addition, advance in science not only contradicted the traditional understanding of the universe, but also contradicted religious beliefs, hence the feeling of things falling apart, a sense of loss of control and the imagery of the spiral of the center unable to hold."

Tags:god, grandeur, christianity

From the Paper
"Man's role in the scheme of God's nature is an inherent topic in two English sonnets . Gerard Manley Hopkins' "God's Grandeur" and William Wordsworth's "The World is Too Much With Us." Both poets weave a similar theme throughout their words: that is, a hierarchical view of nature that places God or some Higher Being at the top of the pyramid of creation and unfortunately, man, afflicted with occasional indifference, presides at a somewhat lower niche. The two sonnets glorify the wonder of nature and decry the intolerable treatment of man towards it.


Hopkins' sentiments on nature are quite obvious from the very beginning . his choice of a title. "God's Grandeur" leaves no doubt as to the poet's recognition of nature as the ultimate manifestation of the Almighty. Nature is God's crowning..."

From the Paper
" One of the most important events in the life of poet Gerard Manley Hopkins, an event that shaped his life and colored his poetry, was his religious conversion while attending Oxford University. A number of factors converged in his decision to switch affiliations. He first came under the sway of the Anglican High Church and the Oxford Movement and then was influenced by the great Catholic John Henry Newman. It was clear he was searching for a deep religious experience and was uncertain where to find it:

From its first stirrings in him, Hopkins's quest for oneness was a spiritual odyssey and adventure. Philosophy took its place there at his side but only as a ready squire to aid and support the Christian knight setting forth "to conquer the whole country."

Abstract
This paper discusses how much of the imagery in Gerald Manley Hopkins' poetry is written in bad-taste and how much of this bad-taste involves the sexual urge in some way. Through an analysis of some of his poems, it looks at how Hopkins was phonocentric poet and how it is possible to trace moments of bad-taste in specific, recurrent sound-patterns. It examines the bad-taste in Hopkins' consistent allusion to the pleasurable act in terms of his idiolect, his poetics and the running tropes that facilitate bad-taste in his poetry. It concludes with the idea that Hopkins was, indeed, a poet of Baroque bad taste.

From the Paper
"In the final line of the third stanza, the two modes come together in the word "burn", which matches the brevity of the b with the dragging of the urn. The unification of these sounds is significant. It reveals the word "urn", in "burn" as in a vessel used for preserving the ashes of the dead; this links with "ash", and picks up on "beadbonny", wherein "bonny" becomes "bony". (Perhaps the "bead" in "beadbonny" picks up on the Old English form of the word, meaning prayer"). This layer of meaning is only uncovered if one follows closely the sound patterns in the poem. "

Tags:etymology, homosexuality, repression, sexuality, taste, victorian

Abstract
While Alfred, Lord Tennyson's "In Memoriam" and Gerald Manley Hopkins's sonnets appear to be complete opposites in terms of their development, both poets have a common theme involving a firm connection to God running throughout their works. The paper shows that, specifically, within the hopeful parts of their works, both poets relate to God through the same type of philosophy and dispel newly found scientific reasoning that the existence of man is but a meaningless and random occurrence using science's own language. It shows, too, that in the doubtful parts of their works, both connect to God through feeling him in their pain and woe.

Paper Outline:
I. Introduction
II. Hopkins's Philosophy in "God's Grandeur" and "As Kingfishers Catch Fire"
III. Tennyson's Philosophy in "In Memoriam" Part 95 and 118
IV. Hopkins Direct Connection to God through Suffering in "Carrion Comfort"
V. Tennyson's Connection to God through Suffering in Parts 1 and 124 of "In Memoriam"
VI. Conclusion

From the Paper
"This revelation (described by Tennyson in the footnote) is instated by the "repeating [of] my own name two or three times" similar to Hopkins's idea of instress, Tennyson describes entering a state of intense "consciousness of individuality" where he comes to a realization of man's place in the world as his individuality "seemed to dissolve and fade away into boundless being" (pg. 95, footnote 1). This boundless being matches closely with Hopkins's idea that when looking at any object's (including one's own) inscape a person sees God's plan and purpose for that object within the scheme of the time and the universe."

Tags:carrion, gerald, grandeur, kingfishers

Abstract
This paper is a review of "Black Mass, The Irish Mob, The Boston FBI, and a Devil's Deal" written by Dick Lehr and Gerard O'Neill. The paper describes the investigation in the book of two notorious criminals of South Boston's Irish ghetto, Jim `Whitey' Bulger and his brother, Billy Bulger, where one gets arrested and the other remains on the FBI's `top ten' list of wanted criminals.

From the Paper
"A Review of Dick Lehr and Gerard O'Neill's Black Mass, The Irish Mob, The Boston FBI, and a Devil's Deal. (New York: PublicAffairs, 2000). In 1988, the authors set out to investigate two notorious criminals of South Boston's Irish ghetto, Jim `Whitey' Bulger and his brother, Billy Bulger. Whitey Bulger was Boston's most powerful crime boss, and his brother had been made President of the Massachusetts Senate in 1978, both men in collusion those of similar background inside Boston's FBI that permitted Whitey Bulger's career to continue. In 1994, Bill Bulger and several near the top of Whitey Bulger's organization were arrested. Whitey Bulger disappeared and has since been on the FBI's `top ten' list of wanted criminals. Black Mass will interest readers exploring an environmental approach to criminality in its description of a practically tribal south Boston Irish culture."

Tags:bulger, southboston, environmental

Abstract
The paper relates that Gerald Manley Hopkins' use of vocabulary, rhythm techniques and innovative poetry writing styles makes him one of the most influential poets in history. The paper explains Hopkins' innovations of sprung rhythm, his use of vocabulary and rhyme and his idea of 'inscape' and 'instress', two words to describe the inner nature of his poetry.

From the Paper
"Gerald Manley Hopkins was born in Stratford, England in 1844. His father was a writer of poetry and technical books, so one can see where he got his unique gift of poetry. As a young boy, he already showed a great attraction to poetry, and he received many awards throughout his school career. His life had a great impact upon his poetry. He converted to Roman Catholic at the age of twenty-two, and was estranged from his family. He ended up burning many of his early poems because he felt poetry was not the proper selection for a serious religious man."

Tags:sprung, rhythm, vocabulary, rhyme, inscape, instress