Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the nature of the gender gap that exists between girls and boys at the primary and secondary levels of education. This paper first discusses some of the root causes that influence the development of gender stereotypes and the gender gap in science and math. It then examines some of the effects of this gender gap also within an educational context.

From the Paper
"Consistently, studies have demonstrated that gender stereotypes can have an effect on the ability of girls to excel in either science or math. Cultural perceptions that assume that those subjects are the domain of boys and not girls can have a deleterious effect upon the ability of girls in a schooling setting to pursue and master either of these subjects that are considered to be so crucial. Science and math constitute two of the core academic subjects that are taught in school, especially at the primary and secondary level. Despite the basic importance of science and math to education at these levels, studies seem to indicate that the current educational situation actually accentuates the gender disparities that exist between girls and boys regarding learning in science and mathematics."

Tags:gender, gap, education

Abstract
The paper addresses the gender gap within the digital divide between men and women, and across nations and economic levels. It gives reasons why the gender gap is a cause for concern, and why the digital divide is important.

From the Paper
"Men and women do not access information and communication technology ICT at the same rates nor do they enter the fields that develop future ICT applications and direction at the same rates. There is a digital divide that is widening between men and women in this regard and the divide exists across nations and economic levels. This research considers the digital divide in general, the gender gap within the digital divide in particular and reasons that the gender gap ..."

Tags:OECD, organization economic co-operation, development, international business, digital divide, gender gap, UNDP

Abstract
This paper discusses the gender based wage gap in Canada as it relates to the educational levels of the economy's constituents. The paper explains that Canada's wage gap has not disappeared and now it appears that the gap actually worsens the higher the educational level of women based on a percentage of income compared to males of the same educational level.

Tags:equal, pay, college

Abstract
This in-depth paper analyzes the available research regarding the existing gap between the sexes in regards to employment and wages. While evidence proves that the gender gap in employment and wages is narrowing, it still has a long way to go. This paper contains relevant statistics and information relevant to employment and wages. This paper examines the various fields of employment where the gender gap is narrowing, including: Education, medicine, law and computer sciences. The writer also delves into the issue of sexual power in the workforce, specifically the sexual power of men over women, which is addressed in this paper.

From the Paper
"One area where the gender gap is narrowing far more speedily than any other is in the education field. For example, there are more females in law school and Med schools than ever before. There are more females entering the Computer Sciences field than ever before. In fact, science, which had always been thought of as a sort of a male preserve, is now enrolling women in Silicon Valley. In British Columbia the Education Minister has asked teachers, principals and other educators to consider their priorities. "The reason: a comprehensive assessment iof the reading and writing skills of 140,000 British Columbia students that showed girls doing better than boys in every category and at every grade level." Nevertheless, of the brighter high school graduates who do not go on to college "70 to 90 percent are girls."

Tags:equality, women, men, employment, wages, pay, rights, law

Abstract
This analysis discusses the social norm and professional practice of gender bias in the sciences and engineering. The analysis uses gender bias to explain the gender gap between male and female scientists and engineers at the academic and professional level in American culture.

From the Paper
"Women have come a long way as professionals over the past half century. Women have made advances as scientists and engineers, with a handful of them heads of universities and chief executive officers in scientific or engineering companies. The problem with this development is that only a few women have progressed to the top of these fields, rather than roughly half which is their number in the general population. The main reason for this is the social and professional practice or phenomenon known as gender bias."

Tags:discrimination, unconscious, socialization, marriage, family, assertiveness, single-mindedness, National Academies of Science, women, glass ceiling

Abstract
The paper reveals the statistics that show how girls have consistently academically outperformed boys in school. The paper then explores why, despite this apparent advantage of girls over boys in primary and secondary schools, women still lag in terms of economic growth. The paper explains the factors that still impede women's career success over men and highlights how having children is one of the major factors that limit women from excelling in their careers. The paper asserts that the academic goals of women should be attained, in spite of their families.

Outline:
Introduction
Women and the Economy
Conclusion

From the Paper
"It has been found through numerous studies and reports that girls have consistently academically performed better than boys in school. At primary school, girls have been shown to supersede boys in overall academic performance. During the 1960s, boys aged 16 years outperformed girls by 5%. By 1987, however, only about 80 boys for every 100 girls had achieved five GCSE high-grade passes (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization [UNESCO], 2003). In 2005-2006, 62% of girls in their senior year of compulsory education obtained at least 5 GCSE grades A to C, in contrast to only 52% of the boys receiving the same grades (National Statistics, 2006). This academic gender gap manifests early among students. More alarmingly, the widening gender gap in terms of academic performance increases with age. From Key Stage (KS) 1 to KS 4, girls have been shown to outperform boys in at least 3 subjects. AT KS 3, boys did better in math and science, while girls did better in English."

Tags:women, equality, wages, patriarchy, child-rearing, caregiver

Abstract
This paper discusses the significant changes to traditional gender roles in the last 30 years. Research proves that women today are pursuing careers more so than ever before. The myth of masculinity is undergoing a transformation as is the image of fatherhood. Many men are downshifting from work away from the home in order to spend more time directly parenting their children. The writer describes the damaging effects of forcing men and women into customary gender-based roles which deprive children of maximizing their career options, status and lifestyles that run opposite to what society sees as acceptable. This paper also explains why applying biologically based assumptions in feminine behavior is not only scientifically unsound but socially damaging.

From the Paper
"Meekly evolving into your gender role, be it policeman or housewife, will merely enforce what men and women have been trying to get away from these past 20 years: gender roles can cause more harm than good. We can not expect future generations to be as comfortable and confident of what they can achieve if it is still expected of women to stay home with the children while the men work hours on end to support the family.
Despite the fact that acceptance is suppressing some would be nurturers, it is believed by some that because men and women are fundamentally different they should accept their different roles throughout society. Opponents would rather have women at home with the children. They would keep the men at work and out of the homes based on traditional gender views."

Tags:women, men, perception, sexuality, research, statistics, children, career

Abstract
One of the buzzwords in recent presidential elections has been "gender gap." Poll after poll, particularly in the past four presidential campaigns, have shown that men and women view candidates differently on the issues and vote accordingly. The gender gap, however, has been around for at least five decades, and we will study it here and learn how men and women tend to cast their ballots.

Tags:gender, gap, elections

Abstract
This paper reveals that boys are served more by special education programs than girls and discusses how this may be genuinely due to their differing educational needs. The paper also discusses, however, how teachers may be responsible for giving more attention to boys than girls and this is why they find it easier to identify emotionally disturbed boys. The paper notes that researchers have not yet found differences in state policies with regards to this gender gap in special education. The paper asserts that regardless of limited research on the real reasons of the gender gap in special education, educators are required to pay equal attention to girls and boys in their classrooms.

Outline:
Introduction
Are There Gender Differences to Account for the Gender Gap in Special Education?
Are State Policies Responsible for the Gender Gap in Special Education?
Analysis of the Findings and Conclusion

From the Paper
"Studies on disability have by and large emphasized on commonalities among persons with disabilities instead of addressing gender based differences. This is the reason why there is little known about the different experiences and characteristics of boys and girls with disabilities (Gender as a Factor). It is interesting to note that the problem of the gender gap in special education does not exist in the United States alone. Studies have addressed this topic in relation to the disabled populations in the United Kingdom, Norway, and Canada as well. As a matter of fact, researchers have also noted the differences between the learning needs and academic achievements of boys and girls in the regular classroom. The differences among boys and girls in the regular classroom allow us to infer that boys and girls are, indeed, different in terms of their educational needs and achievements. Hence, the gender gap in special education may exist for a genuine reason."

Tags:disabilities, attention, boys, girls, state, policies

Abstract
This paper examines how gender bias in education refers to the persistent gender gap that exists in the field of education and how various strategies have been adopted and several reforms have been introduced to tackle this issue. It looks at how women are always taught to be less aggressive and less assertive than their male counterparts, and for this reason, they tend to stay away from more competitive or professional fields of education. It shows how some changes are needed in the way teachers handle this problem in the classroom and how vast literature on the issue suggests that teachers play a vital role in gender gap issue.

From the Paper
"It has also been noticed that lower self esteem and confidence in girls is directly connected with teacher's attitude towards more assertive and confident girls. While teachers permit and even encourage assertive attitude of boys, the same behavior is not tolerant when exhibited by a girl and she is seen as a disruptive element. Reay report suggest that the reason why most girls choose not to enter the more competitive fields of education is because they have been conditioned to do so."

Tags:teachers, classroom, sport, confidence