Abstract
In this article, the writer argues that there really are scientifically provable differences between the brains of men and women. Specifically, the paper explores how the brains of men and women atrophy over time. The writer then looks at how men and women have different intellectual competencies - differences which, broadly stated, suggest that men are better in the realm of mathematics and mathematical logic while women are better in the realm of language arts and visual memory. Lastly, the writer notes that evidence provided by Doreen Kimura suggests that boys and girls differ in their levels of aggression because they really do have minds shaped by widely divergent hormones. The writer concludes that it is simply not smart to suggest that men and women are exactly the same.

From the Paper
"Simply put, the process by which the brain atrophies in men and women is quite pronounced, can be measured quantitatively, and suggests that men and women experience varying levels of mental acuity and efficacy at different points in their lives. As an addendum, this sort of thing clearly indicates that the differing behavior of men and women in, say, their middle to late 50s is not necessarily predicated upon sociological constructions but upon differential aging of the brain and the changes in behavior this creates.
"There are also cognitive differences between men and women that suggest different patterns of competencies - not necessarily, as ideologues on both sides of the gender debate might like to argue, different intellectual capacities. For instance, a host of studies conducted over many years proves that men perform better than women when it comes to spatial tasks such as those that involve object manipulation and/or envisioning an object moving through space."

Tags:differences, sex, cerebral, atrophy

Abstract
The paper examines how, when people discuss gender relations, specifically gender discrimination in the Canadian workplace, they usually conduct their discussion on the presumption that there are only two genders - male and female. The writer proposes that gender relations have become much more complex than this, and the paradigm of just two, opposite genders is increasingly being challenged. The paper analyses some of the repercussions of this aspect of gender relations in the Canadian workplace. There is a rising tide of gender activists who are questioning the binary paradigms that pervade our thinking about gender relations, e.g. man OR woman, gay OR straight, etc.

Tags:gender, relations, workplace

Abstract
In this article, the writer examines gender transgression in video games and video game culture. It is shown how the construction of gender in video games reflects a corporate model targeted at specific audiences rather than a simple reflection of social gender norms. In this context, it is argued that video games represent a site for role-playing in ways that violate both the corporate-constructed gender roles of game worlds to the norms of masculine and feminine in our society. A particular focus of this paper is on female game designers and players, whose interactions with video game culture critically undermines common conceptions of female gender identity and how individuals internalize and re-vision their own conceptions of gender identity.

From the Paper
"The video game industry - embracing both console and computer games - is one of the most massive entertainment industries in the world today, yielding annual revenues in excess of Hollywood's movie industry. Given its global extent and popularity, as well as its potential for role-playing, video game culture has been the site of scholarly interest for understanding human gender relations. This essay proposes to examine gender transgression in video games and video game culture. It will be seen how the construction of gender in ..."

Tags:gender, video, games

Abstract
The paper discusses the declaration by Nancy Bonvillain that "gender relations can be characterized on a continuum from full equality to the complete domination of members of one gender by members of another...[and] may include economic, social, political and religious activities." The paper examines how this serves as a reminder of the complexity of conducting gender analysis in different contexts. This essay argues, with reference to several case studies on representations of women in early Canadian writing, that gender analysis must necessarily consider the existence of both the observer and the subject along a continuum that incorporates a recognition not only of gender, but also of variables of race, class, politics and religion.

Tags:gender, women, canada

Abstract
This paper first notes that gender is a social concept formed by various influences, beginning with the parents, who convey the primary gender identity of mother and father for women and for men. The paper then explores the origin of the nature of gender and gender attitudes and shows their effect on behavior.

Tags:sociology, gender, identity

Abstract
This paper explores possible sources of gender roles and discusses some of the problems they create for society, as well as proposing some solutions. In this essay, the writer examines and compares two works concerning the issue of gender roles. The writer studies Judith Lorber's article 'Night to His Day' and the work 'Masculinity as Homophobia' by Michael S. Kimmel. The writer maintains that the fight for the civil rights of all people in the United States seems promising. Further, the writer notes that equality for both race and gender has come a long way since the early 20th century, but there is still a lot of work to do. The writer concludes that if gender role segregation continues, the opposition of sexes will continue indefinitely and that it seems that the best way to solve this problem is to fight to stop gender role enforcement from birth.

From the Paper
"When it comes to defining people from a sexual perspective in the United States, people often confuse two words: sex and gender. The word "sex" has a purely biological definition, creating the categories of male and female. "Gender" has a completely different connotation, and contains many more than two categories. Gender roles in society are incredibly pervasive, and play an important role in defining a person. According to Judith Lorber in her article 'Night to His Day', children learn to play certain gender roles from birth, receiving cues from many different sources. In Michael S. Kimmel's 'Masculinity as Homophobia', the author focuses more on the male experience, focusing on how males learn and "perform" these roles that define our society. These articles contain a lot of similar themes, and at certain points it seems like they compliment or expand on each other. At the core of the concept of gender it is observable that both sexes receive subliminal cues from influential figures that attempt to define their actions for the rest of their lives; however, the separate expectations that apply to each sex are striking in their dissimilarity."

Tags:civil, discrimination, diversity, gender, rights, sociology

Abstract
The way in which society defines the structures and strictures of gender has developed in the last century into a field in which there is an abundance of textual dissertation concerning gender, identity, body image, and other issuances of definitional standards that often defy the status quo and change the way in which we think about what it is to be a man or woman. The paper shows that these essential qualities that define gender are harder to determine the more we explore the boundaries that have been set up, in many cases, as no more than cultural myths that represent the continuance of a socio-economic class system. One of these myths is the idea of the mythical body image, or the ideal physiological representation of a society in which gender lines are clearly defined in terms of male and female. This paper explores the idea of this image in terms of its contrivance, ramifications, social constructionism, and its support of gender stereotypes to provide an understanding of how our culture defines male and female images of perfection.

From the Paper
"Myths traditionally focus on the superhuman or divine while providing a model of behavior for their consumer, who is more often than not encouraged by them to accept a sort of socio-economic status quo, along with a sense of diversion and the illusion that in escaping reality, the person buying into the myth is escaping the status-quo of an
economically oriented social class system. This particular diversion is carried on through time and changed, if slightly, by successive generations as the gradations of society change with time (although the continuance of myth is often retrogressive concerning the continuance of the society). Although the theme may only change slightly, the
presentation of a new myth within this traditional trope suggests other changes that are more important."

Tags:body, gender, stereotype, media

Abstract
The paper deals with the question of whether environment or nature defines sex and explains that it is impossible to know. The paper discusses that certainly there is compelling evidence against either of these factors being totally responsible for gender. Gender is something that a person feels--it is not defined by how a person appears. The paper emphasizes how even then, a person only ascribed themselves an emotional gender based on traditional assumptions about the binary gender. The paper concludes that with the abolition of these traditional assumptions, gender, in a way, has become obsolete.

Tags:sexuality, binary, gender

Abstract
This paper describes gender schema, talks about the author's own gender schema and her adherence/divergence to a perceived general gender schema (a composite of other social members' schema). The paper explains that a gender schema is formed in response to the perceived importance of differentiating males from females. The paper highlights that it is a key part of stereotype formation and can be restrictive in the expectations it leads people to form of others when they are identified as "male" or "female."

From the Paper
"A person's gender schema affects how they treat all other people regardless of age, race, or social position, because we assume that everyone fits into one of two categories: male or female. There are other cultures that do not have a binary gender schema, and allow people to occupy a "third position" combining traits that Americans would see as male or female. It is unfortunate that gender schema are so restrictive and create expectations and judgments about people's authentic selves that can damage the psyche (Valian 208)."

Tags:gender, schema, sexism

Abstract
This paper raises the question of whether there is a relationship between gender stereotypes in children's books and a child's perception of gender. The analysis is based on a qualitative review of research articles.

From the Paper
"This study sought to determine the existence of the relationship between gender stereotypes in children's books and children's perceptions of gender. The exploration of this topic involved a qualitative review of research articles that addressed this topic from multiple perspectives. Several research studies that focused on measuring the gender representations in children's books were based on the premise that the presence of gender stereotypes in books automatically translates into children's gender stereotypical perceptions. However, the remaining research studies suggested that children's gender perceptions played a stronger role in shaping..."

Tags:Is, there, a, relationship, between, gender, stereotypes, in, children's, books, and, a, child's, perception, of, gender?