Abstract
This paper compares the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Brazil and the United States from 1993 to 2003. It discusses GDP growth levels. The author expands on the Brazilian and American economies. The paper includes schematic representation.

From the Paper
"Gross domestic product (GDP) is one way by which to measure the performance of an economy. Even more important than the actual value of the GDP is the growth that the GDP is able to sustain over a ..."

Tags:GDP, Brazil, United States, gross domestic product

Abstract
This paper discusses the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) concept and examines how it is used to determine the level of output of an economy within a given year. It looks at how there are three approaches to calculating GDP including the production, expenditure and income approach.

From the Paper
"Economics studies the behavior of the aggregate economy. It is broken down into two parts: microeconomics and macroeconomics. Microeconomics analyzes market behavior of individual consumers and firms to understand the decision-making process of firms and households (Lieberman et al, 2000, p. 337). Macroeconomics is the study and measurement of an entire economy. Macroeconomics studies the movement and trends in the economy as a whole, while in microeconomics the focus is on factors that affect the decisions made by firms and individuals. "

Tags:gdp, nominal, real

Abstract
The paper shows that there are some important limitations of the real GDP concept as an indicator of improvements in the welfare of a society. The paper shows that the limitations of real GDP can be explored in three ways: (1) non-market productive activities are left out; (2) real GDP is not a welfare measure; and (3) inequality exists in the distribution of income.

From the Paper
"Real GDP (Gross Domestic Product) is a measure of the value of all the goods and services newly produced in a country during some period of time, adjusted for inflation. Real GDP has been increasing in Australia since the 1990s. According to Taylor, Moosa & Cowling (100) in Macroeconomics, improvements in the welfare of individuals in any society cannot occur without such increases in real GDP. However, real GDP was never intended for this role. It is merely a gross tally of goods and services bought and sold, with no distinctions between transactions that add to welfare, and those that diminish it. Instead of separating costs from benefits, and productive activities from destructive ones, real GDP assumes that every monetary transaction adds to welfare. Real GDP is the most comprehensive measure of a nation's economic activity."

Tags:Child-rearing, surplus, production, income, distribution

Abstract
This paper discusses how the 1990s unprecedented GDP growth shows increasing wages, but more likely labor inefficiencies due to the increased participation of older and less skilled workers. This paper also explores how several factors lead to an increase in the price per unit of GDP.

From the Paper
"The concept no longer had to do with production, now it had to with anything, good or service, to which a market price could be attached. The focus of GDP changed from production to consumption (Cobb, Halstead, Rowe). The increase in services provided by divorce lawyers, day care centers, and financial advisors caused a shift. In January 1962 the Personal Consumption Expenditures broke into 45.1% non-durables, 12.7% durables, and 42.2% services. In January 1972 the Personal Consumption Expenditures broke into 39.7% non-durables, 14.3% durables, and 46.1% services. The trend continued through January 2002, 29.0% non-durables, 11.9% durables, and 59.1% services (Bureau of Economic Analysis). In 40 years, non-durables dropped from 45.1% of personal consumption expenditures to 29.0%."

Tags:common, measure, country, health, original, concept, gross, government, employees, law, firms

Abstract
GDP, or gross domestic product, measures the output of goods and services within an economy by factors of production, e.g. labour, within a twelve month period. This paper focuses on explaining what GDP is, methods of measuring GDP and its limitations as a measure for the quality of life of residents.

From the Paper
"There are other limitations of GDP's usefulness as an indicator of the quality of life that must also be evaluated. For example, GDP may not accurately reflect the total economic activity of a nation because items such as DIY and household labour (housewifery) are excluded as is the underground economy. Activities such as drugs and prostitution go unrecorded. Although such activities are illegal they are a highly lucrative business and the expenditure on these goods or services may amount to a sizeable sum that has therefore been withdrawn from the circular flow and disappeared into this underground sector from the national accounts. We cannot know for sure the exact amount that has been withdrawn but we can estimate this by analysing the demand for cash in the economy as illegal activity is usually conducted with cash."

Tags:capita, gdp, hdi, index, life, measuring, methods, ppp, quality, real

Abstract
This paper defines GDP (Gross Domestic Product) and uses Qatar as an example of its application; however, the author contends, there are a number of reasons GDP cannot be relied upon solely to determine the economic wellness of a country. Instead, the author states that the real GDP must take into account the population. The paper concludes that, to measure the real GDP as an indication of economic well-being, factors such as per-capita income, composition of goods and the happiness of the citizens must be considered.

From the Paper
"What if an increase in GDP is because of the increase in inflation? Inflation increases the price of everything and because of this the value of GDP increases. This type of increase in the value of GDP because of inflation is also not very good as economic wellness and people's standard of living is directly related to the physical quantity of goods being produced and not the quantity. So, we need to taking into account the inflation factor also and adjust the nominal GDP with inflation factor to arrive at the real GDP and only this way we can tell whether or not the country is enjoying economic well-being or not."

Tags:output, period of time, standard of living, inflation, degradation of environment

Abstract
This paper looks at the faulty methods used for determining the GDP. It points out that the GDP is the result of forecasts made by various public agencies at different times of the year. The paper also looks at the view held by many economists that the GDP is largely based on the purchase of imaginary items. Finally, this paper explores the problem of the faulty assumptions used to determine the value of goods and services.

From the Paper
"Another problem is also inherent in the GDP. When figuring the value of all the goods and services included in the GDP, assumptions are made about how long it takes people to create those goods and services. The thing is, polls have shown that the average workweek in 2000 was more than ten hours longer than in the early 1970s. And commentators point out that these days, so much work is done away from the work site because of laptop computers and so on, that even that estimate may be way out of whack. That seems that it could make for a skewed result, to say the least. "

Tags:gross, domestic, product, congressional, budget, office, economy

From the Paper
"GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT, ITS COMPONENTS, AND THE EFFECTS OF PERSONAL INCOME TAX POLICY IN THE UNITED STATES
This research examines the concept of gross domestic product (GDP), the components of GDP, and the effects of personal income tax policy on GDP in the United States. GDP is a measure of the total flow of goods and services produced by an economy over a specified time period, excluding intermediate products and depreciation (Byrns & Stone, 1995). The value of intermediate products is included in the prices of the final consumption goods. The omission of an adjustment for depreciation differentiates GDP from net domestic product (NDP). Lastly, GDP measures include no adjustment for indirect taxes or government subsidies. The absence of these adjustments means that the GDP is valued at market prices, as opposed to factor.."

Abstract
This paper analyzes an article linking fiscal policy and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), 2004-2005. The paper examines the article's prediction on a strong GDP growth and its relation to possible effects on banking.

From the Paper
"This paper analyzes an article from a business and financial publication. The article deals with projections for gross domestic product (GDP) in the United States over the last-half of 2004 and 2005. The article predicts strong GDP growth during the focus period and the article attributes a major causal role for the predicted GDP growth to the deficit-spending fiscal policy of the Bush Administration. (Hansard) This paper also considers how the predictions made in the article, should they materialize, will affect the..."

Tags:Fiscal policy, GDP, banking, Government Spending

Abstract
This paper discusses the differences between two methods of analyzing the economy, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), which is considered to be the most comprehensive measure of economic activity, and the Genuine Progress Index (GPI), an alternative approach offered by the group Redefining Progress as a way of linking the economy with social and environmental variables so as to create a more comprehensive and accurate measurement tool by accounting for the value of human, social, and natural capital, in addition to standard measures of produced capital.

From the Paper
"Economic indicators demonstrate the rate of progress in the economy in terms of growth, income, employment, government expenditures, imports, and similar factors. For the most recent quarter available, the second quarter of 2005, the Bureau of Economic Analysis reports that inflation-adjusted gross domestic product (GDP), which is considered to be the most comprehensive measure of economic activity, increased 3.4 percent after increasing 3.8 percent in the first quarter. Growth has thus slowed slightly and is far below the high in 2003 when the increase exceeded 7 percent. The current rate of growth was enhanced by consumer spending on goods and services, which increased 3.3 percent; by exports, which increased 12.6 percent; and by business fixed investment, which increased 9.0 percent."

Tags:gdp, gpi, economy