Abstract
The paper shows how the articles "The Debate Has Been Miscast From the Start," by Henry Louis Gates Jr., "The Absence of Girls in the Current Debate on Education," by The American Association of University Women, (AAUW), and "The Cloister and the Heart," by Jane Tompkins, all use a rhetorical structure as a means of communicating their opinions. The paper asserts that the tone and complex issue of Gates' article are effective because while his examples are rather complicated, the overall tone is casual, proving that even multi-faceted issues can be easily understood. The paper then highlights the AAUW's use of statistics and shows how it clearly demonstrates the gender gap in education, and finally, the paper discusses how Tompkins' personal stories and interviews are familiar while still maintaining a sense of legitimacy.

From the Paper
"Gates argues that contrary to what many believe, multiculturalism already exists in American society, but is lacking in the American educational system itself. He believes that multiculturalism in education will only truly be achieved when immigrants and minorities are equally accepted to universities, and are educated in the language that they are accustomed to speaking. In response to the opinion that this sort of multi-lingual education is potentially divisive and will alienate students, Gates replies that the American public is already separated in much that same way, and that scholarship and education should reflect that diversity. He then argues that it is precisely this diversity that, when combined and nurtured, forges a communal identity that is unique to American culture. He gives examples of dancers, artists, and writers, all from different cultural backgrounds, who have worked together to form part of American culture."

Tags:tone, statistics, narratives, multiculturalism, gender, gap, education, pre-professionalism

Abstract
This paper serves as a discussion of the points being made related to theory and criticism. The writer uses selected writings of Virginia Woolf, Walter Benjamin, and Henry Louis Gates, Jr. to illustrate the theories.

From the Paper
"If we look at the criticism and theories of Virginia Woolf, Walter Benjamin and Henry Louis Gates Jr., we see how socio-political influences impact literature and art. In the case of Woolf and Gates we see that socio-political influence often silences or distorts art works by those marginalized by mainstream socio-political groups. This is true with women in the sixteenth century, as Woolf argues as it was true of African Americans in the ... "

Tags:racism, feminism, gender, art, literature, sign, signified, identity, voice, materialism, socio-politics

Abstract
The paper highlights the leadership formula presented by Machiavelli in chapter eight of "The Prince"; in doing so, the paper not only analyzes this leadership formula but also identifies business strategies and circumstances that would seem to have the most in common with this approach. From there, the paper analyzes the competitive nature of North American business within the computer products and software sector and compares Bill Gates to Machiavelli's princes who become powerful men through wicked means.

From the Paper
"As time allows over the next several pages, I will highlight the leadership formula presented by Machiavelli in chapter eight of The Prince; in doing so, I will not only analyze this leadership formula but also identify business strategies and circumstances that would seem to have the most in common with this approach. From here, I will analyze the competitive nature of North American business within the computer products and software sector and compare Bill Gates to Machiavelli's princes who become powerful men through wicked means. Ultimately, the assumption of this paper is that, whilst undeniably a brilliant and progressive..."

Tags:bill, gates, dark

Abstract
This paper uses essay style in a creative format to describe how native American author Adrian Louis might respond to Christopher Columbus's plans to pillage the islands of India. The writer uses a letter Christopher Columbus wrote on his plans to return to the islands and what he found there, combined with present examples of short stories authored by Louis, to create this paper.

From the Paper
"In a letter to Lord Raphael Sanchez dated March 14, 1493, Christopher Columbus describes his most recent expedition. In this expedition, Columbus travels beyond the islands of India and discovers fertile lands containing healthy native Indians who are timid but kind and eager to trade gold for trinkets from the sailors. Columbus describes his future plans to return to the area to trade goods for gold, not so much as to take advantage of the naive Indians, but in order to convert them to Christianity (Columbus). In a series of short stories, author Adrian C. Louis, writes on behalf of..."

Tags:columbus, louis, indians

Abstract
This paper discusses the capture, trial and sentencing of Louis Riel. The paper discusses the public viewpoint on his sentencing, expressing the view that there is little evidence of intelligent reasoning. The paper suggests that those who do not wish to see Louis Riel hanged protest that he is a champion for the half breeds and native people of the Northwest whose heritage is being degraded and stripped away by the Canadian government.

Tags:louis, riel, hanging

Abstract
This paper compares the philosophies of Martin Luther King, Jr. and Malcolm X as civil rights activists. It looks at the differences in their methods, King's belief in civil disobedience and nonviolence and Malcolm X's belief in the use of aggressive action violence. It also looks at the committment of both to social change and considers the challenges that current civil rights leaders face.

Tags:Malcolm X, Martin Luther King Jr., civil disobedience, Nation of Islam, non-violence, civil rights

Abstract
This paper states that boxing is seen by many as a brutal sport. The author points out that Roy Jones, Jr., has held world championships in the three weight divisions of Light Heavyweight, Super Middleweight and Middleweight. The paper relates that he has been a force against brutality with a style that is conservative but effective.

From the Paper
"Boxing is seen by many as a brutal sport. Images of men beating each other to bloody submission lead to the misunderstanding that a boxing match is simply a legalized street fight. Roy Jones, Jr., who has held world championships ..."

Tags:boxing, roy, jones, jr., brutality

Abstract
The paper presents a letter explaining what Louis Riel did for this nation in the middle 1800s. The paper describes how he became a national hero for a lot of people in the world and of course mostly for the Canadians. The confrontations he had with the government from that time took him to really hard times; he had to run away and then he gave his life for the community, Metis and their own beliefs and culture. His ideologies were based on respect and equality for all the people in a province. The paper concludes that thanks to him, Manitoba became a province in Canada.

From the Paper
"I believe that without the Louis Riel legacy, Manitoba would not be the powerful and rich province that it is now. So many facts had to happen thanks to Riel, so Manitoba could stay with it's own roots and continue through the history and be at this moment one of the most important places in this nation. We as citizens of this country should realize that this province became part of the Canadian Confederation because Riel negotiated on a provisional government after leading two resistance movements against the former government of Canada, fighting for the Metis people's rights to keep alive his traditions and culture."

Tags:louis, riel, hero

Abstract
This paper is an historical study of The French Revolution. It discusses the situation in France before the outbreak of the revolution. It details the execution of King Louis XVI and his mistakes that led to it. It studies the failed political system at the time as one of the causes of the revolution. Finally, it also gives a detailed examination of Mary Antoinette's role at the time and why she was executed.

From the Paper
"The prevailing theory of Divine right of Kings was the philosophy behind monarchy. Earlier, Louis XIV had used the absolute power of monarchy to the extreme. King was God's representative on earth, and he alone could possess and exercise earthly power. He was always right because he represented and was the incarnation, so to say, of his people.
By the eve of the French Revolution, however, few intellectuals and political leaders accepted idea of the King's divine right. The situation was compounded by Louis XVI's weakness as an absolute monarch, though many supported monarchy in the interest of maintaining law and order and continuation of the national tradition. Louis XVI saw himself as the best judge of the people's good and he tried to do right by them, at least in his own opinion.(<http://www.angelfire.com/ca6/ French revolution 89/bar11.gif>) But to the majority of the people, the King was supposed to be like a father, kind and benevolent. 97% of the population, who were peasants, were fierce monarchists."

Tags:execution, Louis, XVI, Mary, Antoinette, French, Revolution, France

Abstract
This paper compares and contrasts literary articles on how work is regarded in American society today. It explains that Richard Rodriguez offers the traditional viewpoint, a portrayal of all work as filled with the potential of ennobling persons to elevate their condition with sweat. But Henry Louis Gates Jr., it expands, claims that perspectives upon work are tainted by the legacy of racism and slavery. Manual work, however, Richard Reich and Barbara Ehrenreich would counter, is not inherently degrading. It is only because such work has been so poorly paid over the course of American history that such jobs are regarded as expendable, and wealth is seen as equal to success.

From the Paper
"It is Ehrenreich's point of view that offers perhaps the most comprehensive, and the most satisfying portrait of work on a human as well as on a sociological level. Ehrenreich discusses the difficulty of living as a lower-income worker in America today. Quite often, waitresses, maids, and other people whose manual labor makes modern life possible and easy are simply ignored because people who work at more esteemed occupations assume they are better people because of what they do for a living. Because society does not value lower-paid, manual occupations, and by extension the people who work in these occupations, such often have no benefits, low pay, and are seen almost as a fitting and just punishment upon the workers for not being able to move into the ranks of the middle class."

Tags:sociology, wage, literature, stature