Abstract The paper discusses the nature of the Japanese tea garden and its focus on art and symbolism. The paper explains the essential role each section of the garden and the buildings built within it, play in the Tea Ceremony. The paper also looks at the type of trees and plants featured in the garden.
From the Paper "The waiting area or yoritsuki is a small building near the gate of the garden used for part of the Japanese purification ritual. Guests wait in this building or area before the beginning of the tea ceremony. While they wait, they are seated on a carpet or bench, where they may partake of cups of hot water, or of the tobacco tray. The tobacco tray holds loose tobacco and two pipes. This is placed in the waiting area, as there is no smoking allowed in the Tea House. (Cheeke)"
Tags: serenity, gardening, tranquility, chashitsu, Zen
Abstract This paper is an analysis of Operation Market which was the plan for the First Allied Airborne Army to capture and hold the crossings over the canals and rivers from Eindhoven to Arnhem inclusive, laying what was referred to as "a carpet of airborne troops" along the 2nd Army's main axis of advance. It details the problems that the Operation faced, why they occured, and how these failures led to the ultimate failure of the operation.
From the paper:
"However, if blame must be assigned, and in historical analysis, it usually must, then "responsibility for Market Garden's failure can be given to planners at strategic and operational levels who seemed hell-bent on carrying out the operation". They accepted extra risks without modification of the plan and forced the British First Airborne Division to accept too many of the risks. Despite having the hardest task, they were assigned lowest priority in the transport allocations."
Tags: airborne, arnhem, bridge, far, garden, ii, market, paratroop, too, war, world
Abstract This paper describes the evolution of Laura, a character in Kathleen Mansfield's short story "The Garden Party". The author points out that Laura is the youngest child of a privileged New Zealand family. The paper relates that, from beginning of the story, Laura exhibits signs of independent thinking and, as the story ends, she faces death immediately after enjoying the excesses of one of her family's parties.
From the Paper "Katherine Mansfield's The Garden Party focuses on a wealthy New Zealand family and their collective narrow, in fact, almost incestuous, view of the world with themselves egotistically placed in the center of events. The family's youngest daughter, Laura, serves as the story's protagonist as she struggles within the confines of the lineage to which she was born; that of a rather cynical family unit which seems oblivious to events outside their specific circle of influence. Laura is immediately portrayed as different from other members of her family, as she interacts comfortably with the help hired to prepare for the pending garden party and, in fact, permits one of the hired hands to determine the location for the party's marquee."
Abstract The following paper discusses one of the many historical attractions in Wilmington, the famous Airlie Gardens. Designed at the beginning of the 1900?s, it encompasses some sixty-seven acres of post-Victorian European style gardens, including ten acres of freshwater lakes. This paper also focuses on the life and works of Minnie Evans, who worked as a gatekeeper in the Airlie Gardens, from 1948 to 1974, painting the scenery in the gardens whenever she had a break. This paper discusses the way in which her drawings of the Airlie Gardens helped her start her career as a well-acclaimed artist.
From the Paper ?A descendent of slaves from Trinidad, Minnie was born in a log cabin in Long Creek, North Carolina on December 1, 1892. She and her mother moved to Wilmington in 1893, and there Minnie was raised by her grandmother. She completed the fifth grade, and then went to work as a sounder, selling oysters and clams door-to-door. Minnie always saw a world invisible to everyone else and throughout her life, even her childhood, her night dreams were filled with visions, and her days filled with sights and voices only she experienced.?
This paper reviews "The Inward Garden: Creating a Place of Beauty and Meaning" by Julie Moir Messervy, which explores the possibilities of creating garden spaces that work on us in an intimate fashion.
1,130 words (approx. 4.5 pages), 0 sources, 2005, $ 39.95
Abstract This paper explains Julie Moir Messervy in her book "The Inward Garden: Creating a Place of Beauty and Meaning" defines archetypal landscapes or spaces, which are universally evocative and meaningful, the landscape of "within-ness" or "immersion". The author points out that these gardens may include features such as water, a very large sweep of grass, a very dense growth of bamboo in a thicket or a cave. The paper suggests a very important element in the construction of gardens is the use of walls or sections of fencing to separate different areas of the landscape, to create the background for demonstration of garden art or to hide unsightly views.
From the Paper "They also have a sense of isolation which may prompt guests to spend some time there and think about the unexpected turns of life that they have faced. When one has changed the house in winter, then they normally wait for spring to arrive so that they start on designing the landscapes for the new yards that they have. Yet, this is not an easy task, and landscaping the complete yard, with a lot of nooks and crannies may be a big task. This can be simplified with the use of temporary annuals till one has decided on the correct combination of perennials or shrubs. These can be of warm colors like red and orange and they will provide a bright background to draw attention to the area. If the area is too large, then cool colors like blue or green should be used to make the area appear smaller and more distant."
Abstract This paper begins by defining literacy gardens. It continues to mention already existing gardens and explains, through example, their advantages and functions. It discusses how literacy gardens add the element of verbal learning to nature and science. In conclusion, the author explains how these gardens are effectual in re-enforcing what has been learnt in the classroom in an informal environment.
From the Paper "The Holy Cross School (l"Ecole Sainte Croix) has grown considerably since its founding in 1927. Designed to serve a bilingual community, the Holy Cross School can uniquely benefit from the planting of a literacy garden. Removed from the confines of the classroom's four walls, students can learn new vocabulary words through visual and other sensory stimuli. For example, flower and tree names will be printed in both English and French. Just as a successful literacy garden in Providence, Rhode Island helped Hmong Laotian immigrants learn English, so too will the Holy Cross School's literacy garden help its young students grasp the linguistic concepts they learn through traditional school curriculum. In addition to promoting reading, writing, and communications skills, the literacy garden will have numerous benefits for students and community members."
Abstract This paper examines the historical, social and environmental influences that determined the make up of the Japanese garden and how the traditional Japanese garden translates into the Japanese garden prevalent in the United States today.
From the Paper "The Chinese brought in Confucianism, Buddhism, and Zen. The relationship between nature and human construction became "fused more in the days of mountain Buddhism, during the 9th-12th century." The word Shinto comes "from the Chinese Shentao, which means the mystic rules of nature and/or the path leading to a grave." The Japanese found proper place in the Confucian classics they inherited from China, and their notions of "purity" in the rituals of the indigenous Shinto religion." Shinto, the worship of nature, has influenced how Japanese relate to nature. There is sacredness in everything. This Shinto concept translates to Japanese people not changing the balance of aesthetics, which reinforces proper place ideology.
One of the Ancient Age periods--the Heian, began with the transfer of the capital to Kyoto in 794 and the period lasted till 1185. The Heian period explored creativity beyond the realm of religion. Gardens were in many nobles' homes plus the imperial palace, and they had a certain look, a shinden-style, which the Sakuteiki manual formalized.. During the Heian period the nobles built pleasure gardens, strolling gardens, and architectural monuments such as the Golden Pavillion, Kinkaku, in Rokuon-ji, Kyoto."
Tags: Shinto, Zen, Heian, Muromachi, medieval, Teizoden, botanical
Abstract An extremely close reading of two poems in "Songs of Experience". The essay analyzes "The Garden of Love" and "The Little Vagabond." Read in isolation, "The Little Vagabond" might be interpreted as an indictment of liquor and the ways in which the formidable substance has degraded religious virtue. However, when read in context with ?The Garden of Love,? the poetic dialogue suggests that the Church has both created and nourished this schism of physical and spiritual. Examined as a cohesive pair, "The Garden of Love" and "The Little Vagabond" create a resounding indictment on the evolution of the Church and its effect on future generations.
From the Paper "William Blake's "Songs of Innocence and Experience" depict a dialogue between "contrary states of the soul" which manifest in "shifting tensions" that are designed to reveal the inextricable interplay between the two qualities. (16) Although these two "states" are "contrary" the former characterized by resilient purity, the latter by irreversible bitterness, they interact with one another to produce syntheses in turn beginning a new dialectic. Growth emerging from "strife" generates direction, negating any notion of stagnancy within either contrary. (17) Jaded and melancholic in tone, the Songs of Experience offer a recurring theme of "blighted and embittered children." (17) The discrepancy presented between the mental and physical age of "blighted" children locates the remedy for the disjunction in the child's search to reunite these entities."
Abstract This paper discusses the teenage girl who battled with schizophrenia in I Never Promised You a Rose Garden. I Never Promised You a Rose Garden is a novel about a teenage girl's three-year battle with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a group of disorders marked by severely disturbed thinking, emotion, perception, and behavior.
Abstract This paper discusses how in the novel, "The Monkey Garden", Sandra Cisneros paints a haunting portrait of a young girl's loss of innocence in a place that had previously symbolized the imagination and freedom of childhood. It examines how, because of her traumatic introduction into adolescent sexuality, the young girl longs for death rather than face losing the innocence and safety of her monkey garden.
From the Paper "For Esperanza, the garden was "a wonderful thing to look at in the spring" (95). The images she uses to describe this wonderful thing are full of childlike wonder -- of cockscombs the "deep red fringe of theater curtains" and fruit trees that yield sweet peaches and "green apples hard as knees." The reader's early introduction into the garden is into a magical place, a veritable Garden of Eden that is stimulates all the senses with its aromas and lush beauty."
Abstract This paper discusses how "Jane Eyre" could be considered a loose retelling of the biblical story of the Garden of Eden. It looks at how many of her characters take turns filling the roles of Adam and Eve, while the other key components of the story--the apple, the serpent, and the tree of knowledge--represent ambiguous abstract concepts. .By discussing and analyzing Garden of Eden imagery and symbolism and Bronte's upbringing, the paper suggests and supports the thesis that the novel is Bronte's feminist reinterpretation of the Bible.
From the Paper "Before delving into the actual development of the Garden of Eden theme in Jane Eyre, it is instructive to look at Bronte's later explanations of her purpose. In the author's preface provided to the novel's second edition, Bronte confronts critics who accused her of impiety; "Conventionality is not morality. Self-righteousness is not religion. To attack the first is not to assail the last," she wrote, justifying her nontraditional approaches and interpretations. She took up this issue more directly in a fabulous passage in her next novel, Shirley. After deciding to skip a church service, Caroline and Shirley discuss Milton's interpretation of Eve; Shirley doubts Milton's interpretation of the biblical figure and proceeds to create her own biblical history, one in which Eve gives birth to the Titans of Greek mythology and in which the historical role of women is glorified. "
Abstract This paper provides a market analysis for Gametraders Garden City, a fictional franchise store that offers retro and current video game products located in the Perth Garden City Arcade, in Australia. The paper presents a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats (SWOT) analysis for the company and then analyses its market strategy and financial situation. The paper also shows the areas of the company that need to be monitored.
Table of Contents:
Executive Summary
Situation Analysis
Market Summary
Market Demographics
Market Needs
The Market And Trends
Market Growth
Swot Analysis
Strengths
Weaknesses
Opportunities
Threats
Competition And Buying Patterns
Product Offering
Keys To Success
Critical Issues
Marketing Strategy
Mission
Marketing Objectives
Financial Objectives
Target Marketing
Positioning
Marketing Mix
Marketing Research
Financials, Budgets, And Forecasts
Break-Even Analysis
Sales Forecast
Expense Forecast
Controls
Implementation Milestones
Marketing Organization
Contingency Planning
From the Paper "GGC will position itself as being the only Australian-owned specialty gaming retail store that offers video gamers the best prices on a wide range of new and retro video gaming products. GGC can offer the gaming market the ability to sell and trade-in most video gaming products regardless of age and offer better prices compare to current competitors offering and trade-in policies. Currently competitors such as Electronic Boutique are losing touch with the hardcore gaming market and the large department stores are not responsive enough in pricing to serve value-seeking hardcore gamers on new releases. Hardcore gamers also consist of retro gamers and collectors who have grown up with gaming and when they enter a Gametraders store such as GGC it ignites their nostalgic feeling of video gaming in the past. GGC have found that releasing video game products faster and at a relatively cheaper price than competitors have grab a market share from them even casual gamers. The hardcore gaming market is currently the most profitable market although smaller market but also they are the most influential. Hardcore gamers dictate what are the games to play and are able to convince casual gamers on places to shop. Casual gamers are sometimes converted as hardcore gamers through game introductions given by hardcore gamers."
Abstract The paper provides an assessment of the painting "Livia's Garden Room at Prima Porta" in order to show how it is a clear technical, symbolic and cultural point of inflection in the history of Roman art. The paper analyzes the symbolic entities such as the laurel, the bird and the garden as well as the themes of diversity, fertility and serenity.
From the Paper "When Augustus evolved to take on the mantle of Octavian, uniting ruler of the glorious Roman Empire, his tenure would initiate a period characterized by an interest in reform, rebirth and the strict maintenance of peace-time conditions. His rule is one which , even today in historical reflection and through the lens of Roman mythology, reflects a high-water mark with respect to the cultural state of affairs. In some of the most well-known and singular pieces to come from this time and place, we are shown something of the combined public sentiment and self-declaration which preserved Augustus in a place of high regard to history. Particularly, in such works of art as were produced in close vicinity to the city of Rome from which he held a seat of sweeping and revered authority, there is an opportunity to observe some of the qualities which the Emperor pointedly sought to associate with his rule and the era there represented for Rome, Romans and the world under their purview."
This paper examines Hieronymus Bosch's painting, "The Garden of Earthly Delights" from a different perspective to those accustomed of viewing his work as dark and tormenting.
Abstract The following essay suggests that we view "The Garden of Earthly Delights" scene, and especially the middle panel of the tryptich, as being either a scene of elevated spirituality or one of unconscious desire rather the out-and-out orgy that it is often depicted as being.
From the Paper "We are so accustomed to thinking of Hieronymus Bosch as the painter of devils and of the torments of humans that we forget that this description of his work may in fact not even be true. A closer examination of his work, for example, his most famous painting, "The Garden of Earthly Delights" suggests an ambiguity about his work that it is not usually credited with. His vision of humanity and life is certainly not one of unmitigated sweetness, but nor is his assessment of the human condition unmitigatedly dark."
This paper examines the following four works of literature and how they affected the literary philosophy of their eras: Voltaire's 'Candide', Anton Chekhov's 'Enemies', Giancamo Leopardi's 'The Infinite' and Virginia Wolf's 'Kew Gardens'.
Abstract This paper studies the different ways that four works of literature from different genres reflect the dominant literary philosophy of the era of their authors. It argues that over the course of the last three centuries, from the 18th century to the present, the ways that literature has depicted the human condition has been characterized by an increasing focus on the interior, rather than the exterior life of fictional and non-fictional characters. It studies Voltaire's 'Candide', Anton Chekhov's 'Enemies' , Giancamo Leopardi's 'The Infinite' and Virginia Wolf's 'Kew Gardens'.
From the Paper "One of the most perfect expressions of the Enlightenment's Rationalism can be found in Voltaire's Candide. Voltaire depicts a society rife with hypocrisy, particularly religious hypocrisy. The length of Voltaire's work is that of a novella, but the prose has the quality of a satire, or an extended parody, in this case a parody of the philosopher Lebiniz's sensibility that the entire world is good, and that the world in which we dwell is the best of all possible worlds. Voltaire's authorial voice is present throughout the work, and even when the author is chronicling the inner voice of the characters, there is a strong sense of plot, of action, and of an author's philosophic "project" at work."
Tags: literature philosophy Voltaire 'Candide'Anton Chekhov 'Enemies', Giancamo Leopardi 'The Infinite' Virginia Wolf 'Kew Gardens' Enlightenment Rationalism
