Abstract This paper uses the author's tones in "Anna Karenina" and "Chronicle of a Death Foretold" to compare Leo Tolstoy's and Gabriel Garcia Marquez's cynical tone towards society. Both authors use satire and irony to criticize the corruption of society and the institution of marriage. The paper shows that Tolstoy focuses on his disapproval of the upper-class aristocracy, while Garcia Marquez satirizes society in general. Tolstoy does not present the aristocracy with much honor or morals, unlike Garcia Marquez who uses a town that, although is corrupted, still has a strong moral back bone.
From the Paper "Tolstoy and Garcia Marquez also differ in the amount of honor and morals that their characters contain. Tolstoy's mocking tone towards society is displayed when he is describing society's view towards adultery. Vronsky thinks of "the position of a man pursuing a married woman, and, regardless of everything, staking his life on drawing her into adultery, has something fine and grand about it, and can never be ridiculous" (Tolstoy 117). Adultery is not a fine or grand act; it is a sin that defies the purity of marriage. Tolstoy uses society's indifference towards adultery as a way to create irony because society permits adultery, as long as it does not break apart a family. Once Anna leaves her husband for Vronsky, society rejects her. Tolstoy displays how society approves of adultery as long as it does not disrupt the social arrangements of marriage."
Abstract This paper discusses the life and personality of musician, Jerry Garcia. It discusses various events from his childhood and how these helped to form his personality. The paper specifically looks at Carl Jung's theories of operant conditioning and behaviorism and how they relate to the life and experiences of Jerry Garcia. The paper also analyzes Garcia's personality in terms of Jung's core principles of identity such as the ego, the personal consciousness and the collective unconscious.
From the Paper "Jerry Garcia's personality can be analyzed also in terms of Jung's core principles of identity such as the ego, the personal consciousness, and the collective unconscious. Psychedelic drugs open the mind to what might be termed a collective unconscious in which the world is filled with symbols. The shadow part of the personality would explain Jerry's persistent drug use in spite of the health problems it would cause him later in life and eventually led to his death. Jerry Garcia, evident in the type of shows the Grateful Dead played during their decades-long existence, was also enamored with the dream world. Long, extended music jams were perfect opportunities to let the mind roam free and explore the unconscious dimensions of the human personality. Jerry's father-like image makes him an archetype, too. With the big, bushy beard he became known for, Jerry Garcia almost resembles the Christian depiction of deity; Jerry Garcia was nothing but a rock and roll God, which is another reason why Jungian psychology can best explain the life and personality of the musician."
Tags: operant conditioning, behaviorism, consciousness development
Abstract Gabriel Garcia Marquez and his works are inextricably linked to a style of literature known as magical realism, which is a type of literature that is usually characterized by elements of the fantastic woven into the story with a serious presentation. This paper examines how Garcia Marquez uses this element in his works, such as in "One Hundred Years of Solitude" and "Leaf Storm".
From the Paper "In his 1955 book, "Leaf Storm," Marquez set a new direction to Colombian literature by experimenting with linear time (Cohn). He suspended the forward movement of time through the experiences of the individual characters and of the town itself (Cohn). His use of time reduplicates at the level of form the historical and social situations in a town where the flow of time is no longer significant."
Abstract Christina Garcia's "Dreaming in Cuban" follows three generations of women in a Cuban-American family, and looks at the effects of the Cuban diaspora in America. This paper examines how the novel relates to how families are divided over the revolution.
From the Paper "A patchwork of incident, memory, letters, dreams and visions provides glimpses of a Cuban family at home and in exile in the '70's and '80's, but Garcia's debut suffers from its fragmented style. From disparate times, places, and (mostly female) points-of- view, Garcia reveals the circumstances and inner lives of various members of the del Pino family."
Tags: Cuba Castro, diaspora matriarchial garcia christina female communist del pino novel literature
Abstract This paper examines Alvarez's novel "How the Garcia Girls Lost their Accents" illustrating how the 'accent' is mostly a metaphor for the evolution of several facets of the sisters. 'Accents', become synonymous with a modern, west-influenced lifestyle where equality is introduced into the male-female nexus. The author concludes that the relationships of the four sisters really mirror the male-female relationships of the west and their accents have completely changed?they have been fully assimilated into the Western culture.
From the Paper "Interestingly, Julia Alvarez presents several unique characteristics in the narrative. The novel is set from the early 1960s to the mid 1980, but in reverse chronological order. Such a description helps develop the characters of the four sisters: Carla, Sandi (Sandra), Yolanda (YoYo aka Joe) and Fifi (Sofia). To put the plot in the right order: Carlos is a doctor in the Dominican Republic. Carlos is married to Laura. They have four daughters. Carlos's nuclear and extended family is wealthy and influential?one of a few in the entire nation situated on an impoverished tropical South American Island. Fearing reprisals in the dictatorial reign of Trujillo Ciudad, called only Trujillo in the entire novel (assuming that every Dominican is familiar with the name), the family escapes to the United States."
Tags: julia, alvarez, west, male, female, sisters, synonym, modern
This paper is a review of the book, "Chronicle of a Death Foretold", by the Chilean, Nobel Prize for Literature winning novelist Gabriel Garcia Marquez.
Abstract The paper states that although "Chronicle of a Death Foretold" is a true story and is told in a non-linear fashion, it reads like a detective story, by combining interviews written in a narrative, journalistic style. The paper describes the plot of the book: Rigid codes of honor can bring about an innocent man's death and drive two peaceful brothers to murder while the whole town watches and decides to do nothing. The paper's author compares this book to others written by Gabriel Garcia Marquez.
From the Paper "There is little mention in "Chronicle of a Death Foretold" of the Columbian civil wars and other historical political events that were the backdrop of novels like "One Hundred Years of Solitude", "Leaf Storm" and "In Evil Hour". "Chronicle", however, is also based on a real event. In 1951, Garcia Marquez's childhood friend Cayetano Gentile was hacked to death by two brothers bent on restoring their sister's honor. The crime had a lasting impact on the young journalist and eventually served as the catalyst for "Chronicle of a Death Foretold"."
A comparative analysis of the autobiographical works "The Autumn of the Patriarch" by Gabriel Garcia Marquez and "Invisible Man" by Ralph Waldo Ellison.
1,150 words (approx. 4.6 pages), 6 sources, 2002, $ 44.95
Abstract This paper is on the subject of Gabriel Garcia Marquez work titled "The Autumn of the Patriarch", and a novel by Ralph Waldo Ellison titled "Invisible Man". In many respects, both works are autobiographical. However, it can be said at the same time that the names and the places of the individuals involved, have changed within the content in question. Further, it can also be said that both works are highly 'stylised'. The focus of this paper will be directed toward connecting their biographies with the novels in question.
Abstract Every life experience alters a person in some way. The things occurring during a lifetime thus influences all aspects of life, including work and leisure. This is especially true in the life of a writer. The case of the writer Gabriel Garcia Marquez is no exception. This paper discusses Marquez's life and geographic location to determine the effect of these elements on his works. Works discussed include "One Hundred Years of Solitude", "Chronicle of a Death Foretold", and "A Very Old Man with Enormous Wings".
From the Paper "Colombia, while officially an independent state, has unfortunately followed the trend in many such independent states. Internal conflict has played a prominent role in the state's political difficulties. This conflict currently manifests itself in the form of the Liberal and Conservative parties, founded in 1849. Politics influences much of Marquez's writing, and these two parties form a prominent part of his stories. His readers gain insight into Latin American politics by way of Marquez's understanding of the two repressive and corrupt political parties.
Geographically the country is also divided. The two regional groups include the coste"os, from the Coastal Caribbean, and the cachacos, from the central highland. These groups are divided not only by their geographical associations, but also by their way of living and their occasional disdain of each other. The coste"os with their more informal habits, such as racial mixing, superstition, and generally "primitive" outlook are juxtaposed with the generally more formal cachacos. The latter are proud of their racial purity and their advanced learning. Marquez has placed himself in the former group, finding it useful for his development as a writer."
This paper reviews Julia Alvarez's "How the Garcia Girls lost their Accent", which is about four sisters who experienced a lifestyle change in coming to America from the Dominican Republic.
Abstract This paper examines the four sisters, their parents, the political backdrop, and the Dominican Republic's male-female nexus, which is so different from what one has come to view in America. The author points out that, in "How the Garcia Girls lost their Accent", which is set from the early 1960s to the mid 1980s, each sister brings her own dimensionality, which is a slice of what constitutes a woman. The paper states that the sisters? accents have completely changed; but, for better or worse, they have been fully assimilated into American culture.
From the Paper "It is in Fifi's relationships with men that we see the most vagaries. The start of the novel shows that she is really a person who would support a stable family. She is headstrong and independent. She generally gets what she wants. She presents her parents with their first grandchildren"a boy. She is the only one among her siblings that does not have a college degree, though there is no lack of intellect. Her husband is the most accomplished of all" ?? the German nobody turned out to be a world class chemist.?(p. 31) She seems to hold equal say in her marriage though her husband's character is not explored. Surprisingly, Fifi can adopt different roles."
Abstract This paper explains that the works of Gabriel Garcia Marquez, who received a Nobel Prize for Literature in 1982, demonstrate a unique combination of fantasy and reality. His beloved Columbia is mentioned in almost all his works. The author relates that his book, "One Hundred Years of Solitude," which is about the ghost and spirits that used to haunt his grandmother, is based on the author's own childhood experiences in his home with his grandparents in Aracataca. The paper relates that, in "News of a Kidnapping," Marquez describes the ordeal of the kidnappings and the captivity of ten individuals, including the trauma suffered by the parents and the caretakers of these people and the efforts undertaken by them to free their children from the captors.
From the Paper "Maruja Pachon de Villamizar was a friend of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. She had been kidnapped from her home in Columbia by a group of terrorists and extremists. When Maruja and Alberto Villamizar approached the author in the year 1993 to request him to write a book on the ordeal that had been undergone by Maruja during the abduction, Gabriel Marquez decided to take up the challenge. When he started his research, however, he discovered that there had been nine other abductions of the same kind at the same time, in Columbia. This was when he decided that this particular kidnapping could not be treated as one single episode and separated from the others. Therefore, he decided, he would research all the ten abductions that had taken place, and then write his story. This is the background of the book 'News of a Kidnapping'."
Abstract This paper discusses Colombian situation by mentioning Benedict Anderson's work, "Imagined Communities". It then examines how Gabriel Garcia Marquez's "One Hundred Years of Solitude" creates a myth of Colombian history and how its magical realism expresses Latin American collective consciousness.
From the Paper "Marquez has long expressed an aim to write what he refers to as 'the true history of Colombia'. One Hundred Years of Solitude may not have any factual basis, although it does contain fictionalised versions of actual historical events, but it is a response to the inadequacy of official history and a myth of the history of Colombia. It begins with the founding of an Eden-like Macondo in an innocent and 'magical' time and follows its progression through the stories of various generations of the Buendias till its eventual destruction by a great wind. It is a myth of evolution, of progress, and of the loss of innocence of a whole society. It begins in an era where magic is possible, and follows the loss of this magic to science and technology. "
Abstract An examination of Federico Garcia Lorca's trilogy of plays later dubbed the "rural trilogy", which include "Blood Wedding", "Yerma" and "The House of Bernarda Alba". The paper explains that there plays were written over the span of five years, and stand both as individual works and smaller parts of a larger whole. The paper points out that while there are a number of shared and repeated themes, including the subjugation of women in both past and contemporary Spanish society and the power of men that arises from such subservience, the plays are primarily concerned with frustration and repression. The paper then looks at how in the "rural trilogy", Lorca explores the repression of overpowering instincts and desires by societal norms, the hedging of characters' primordial passions by the conventions that govern their lives.
From the Paper "In Blood Wedding, the first play of the trilogy, the Bride's sexuality and freedom are stifled by a marriage to a socially acceptable but unexciting bridegroom. This is made readily apparent in Act One, Scene Three, where the Bridegroom proposes to the Bride. Throughout the scene, the Bride speaks flatly, dutifully. When her father says "Don't be so solemn," she responds "I'm happy. When I say 'yes', I say it because I mean it," and later, "I know my duty" (Lorca 19). The entire scene is joyless; it's the conclusion of a business arrangement rather than a pronouncement and acceptance of eternal love and togetherness. The Bride is only responsive to her future husband as a duty, a social responsibility (Allen 162)."
Abstract This paper explains that in Gabriel Garcia Marquez' "Chronicle of a Death Foretold" Santiago Nasar's is killed by the hands of Angela Vicario's two brothers who accuse him of having dishonored their sister. The author points out that the murder of Santiago Nasar is a symbol of mid-20th century Latin American moral values, culture and gender roles in the sense that the events that occur in the small Colombian coastal town are representative to the entire Colombian society. The paper relates that, through the literary technique of foreshadowing, the narrator tries to convince his readers that Santiago's fate dictates his death.
From the Paper "In Latin American society, honor is taken very seriously as it is an integral part of local culture. In this sense, honor is the fundamental moral value that must be kept intact. Once harmed, someone's honor must be avenged irrespective of what this implies because without the trait of honor, any man is lost and seen as an outcast in Latin American society. Consequently, in Marquez's novel, all of the characters are shaped and deeply influenced by this powerful moral value. It is somewhat ironical that defending honor as the supreme moral virtue does not rule out murder."
A comparison of three literary works by female Hispanic writers, "The House on Mango Street" by Sandra Cisnero, "How the Garcia Girls Lost Their Accent" by Julia Alvarez and "Dreaming in Cuban" by CristinaGarcia.
Abstract This paper compares three feminist Hispanic literary works: "The House on Mango Street" by Sandra Cisnero, "How the Garcia Girls Lost Their Accent" by Julia Alvarez, and "Dreaming in Cuban" by CristinaGarcia. The paper investigates how the issues of gender, race, ethnicity, belief, education, family and culture affect identity found in these literary works.
From the Paper "During the last few decades, a new genre has emerged, the female Hispanic writer. These women are enriching the American literature landscape with their lyrical stories and ethnicity. They are telling stories of young girls, mothers, grandmothers, and friends, who have been transplanted from a culture a world away into the American dream. They are telling their own stories. Telling those who read their tales what it's really like to grow up with little or no knowledge of the language and customs, trying desperate to adapt and meld into American life, weaving old ways and new into their own identity."
Abstract The immigrant experience is addressed in two novels, No-No Boy by John Okada and Dreaming in Cuban by CristinaGarcia, and in each case the relationship between the immigrant and his or her homeland as well as the new country to which the immigrant has come. The degree of assimilation is partly related to issues of generation, with first-generation immigrants having more difficultly than younger ones
From the Paper "The immigrant experience is addressed in two novels, No-No Boy by John Okada and Dreaming in Cuban by Cristina Garcia, and in each case the relationship between the immigrant and his or her homeland as well as the new country to which the immigrant has come. The degree of assimilation is partly related to issues of generation, with first-generation immigrants having more difficultly than younger ones.
The novel No-No Boy by John Okada recounts aspects of the immigrant experience in America though the experience of its main character, and the author shows an understanding of the historical forces that helped shape that character in his place and time. The main character is beset both by a sense of loss of the parent culture and tensions within the adopted culture to which he has become acculturated. Okada evokes issues of ..."
