Abstract
This paper explains that, although male dominated society excludes and exploits women, as portrayed in Ibsen's "A Doll House", the importance of friendship between women can overcome their marginality and restore women to the center of a husbanding society. The author compares Bauman's work to Beauvoir's and points out that Beauvoir writes about the exploitation of women in Western bourgeois society; whereas, Bauman recounts the trials of women in the void of that society smashed to pieces by the Nazis. The paper relates that Beauvoir sees the "eternal feminine" nature of a woman as shaped by the male dominated, patriarchal social structure even if women join together to off set the "masculine universe". The author thenstates that, in contrast, in Bauman's existential account of WWII, the friendship of five women who do "band together" to establish a "counter-universe" and survive is not only important but also vital.

From the Paper
"The women in Mrs. Pietrzyk's room joined their common longings for life and love to link themselves back into the woman's world of hope, mystery, the sway of her body moving through the ebbs and tides, and the attainment of woman's wisdom. They did this with nothing but their hearts in a time of death. The rejected martyrdom and the paralysis mold. De Beauvoir says the lot of woman's life is passive waiting, but in truth nothing is more powerful: "I've been thinking now about this glorious future that I dreamed up last night. Will it come true? Shall I ever live a free, useful, happy life with someone I love and who loves me? "

Tags:marginality, bourgeois, nazis, wisdom, existential

Abstract
This paper contains a thesis stating that although male dominated society excludes and exploits women as portrayed in Ibsen's "A Doll House", the importance of friendship between women can overcome their marginality and restore women to the center of a husbanding society. This paper compares and contrasts the importance of female friendship described in Bauman's "Winter into Spring" and despaired of in "The Existential Paralysis of Women" by Simone de Beauvoir. The first point of contrast is that Beauvoir writes about the exploitation of women in Western bourgeois society, whereas Bauman recounts the trials of women in the void of that society smashed to pieces by the Nazis.

From the Paper
"The thesis of this paper is that although male dominated society excludes and exploits women as portrayed in Ibsen's "A Doll House", the importance of friendship between women can overcome their marginality and restore women to the center of a husbanding society. This paper compares and contrasts the importance of female friendship described in Bauman's "Winter into Spring" and despaired of in "The Existential Paralysis of Women" by Simone de Beauvoir. The first point of contrast is that Beauvoir writes about the exploitation of women in Western bourgeois society, whereas Bauman recounts the trials of women in the void of that society smashed to pieces by the Nazis."

Tags:girlfriend, bond, women, relationship, trust

Abstract
This paper compares three feminist Hispanic literary works: "The House on Mango Street" by Sandra Cisnero, "How the Garcia Girls Lost Their Accent" by Julia Alvarez, and "Dreaming in Cuban" by Cristina Garcia. The paper investigates how the issues of gender, race, ethnicity, belief, education, family and culture affect identity found in these literary works.

From the Paper
"During the last few decades, a new genre has emerged, the female Hispanic writer. These women are enriching the American literature landscape with their lyrical stories and ethnicity. They are telling stories of young girls, mothers, grandmothers, and friends, who have been transplanted from a culture a world away into the American dream. They are telling their own stories. Telling those who read their tales what it's really like to grow up with little or no knowledge of the language and customs, trying desperate to adapt and meld into American life, weaving old ways and new into their own identity."

Tags:race, ethnicity, belief, education, family, culture, affect, identity

Abstract
This paper discusses how much of literature conveys the male-female relationship through the review of three different pieces of literature: John Steinbeck's "The Chrysanthemums", Doris Lessing's "To Room Nineteen" and Ernest Hemingway's "Hills Like White Elephants". It shows how all three pieces of literature, attempt to prove that the basic truth in a male-female relationship is that men and women are different, in our habits, in the way we react to situations in life, environmental stimuli and in our attitudes regarding relationships. It examines how through the stories presented, it can be seen that communication undoubtedly plays a foundational role in the development of any healthy relationship and it often serves to bridge the gap between people with misunderstandings, or to solidify a mutual sense of commitment.

From the Paper
"Another story depicting a man and woman relationship is Doris Lessing's "To Room Nineteen". Susan, a married woman, feels a lose of freedom from being a wife and a mother whose days are spent taking care of her family and hardly had time for herself. Because of this feeling, which she was unable to communicate to her husband, she ended up killing herself. She rents a hotel room every afternoon where she spends time alone for herself, and just sits and thinks. Apparently, her husband assumes that she is having an affair. Knowing that her husband won't understand her feelings, she tells him that she is indeed having an affair. In the end, Susan returns to the hotel room and kills herself."

Tags:commitment, life, suicide

Abstract
This paper uses the characters of Janie from "Their Eyes Were Watching God" by Zora Neale Hurston and Rigoberta Menchu, from her autobiography, "I, Rigoberta Menchu, An Indian Woman in Guatemala," to discuss the portrayal of strong, ethnic females in literature.

From the Paper
"The protagonist in Their Eyes decides to thwart conventional thinking and strike out on her own, seeking approval from herself. Janie decides that she is not content with a loveless marriage. She internally feels that the only true way to live is to live a life filled with love. Disenchanted with her state of affairs, she seeks "confirmation of the voice and vision" (Hurston 15) and wants to find the "acknowledged answers" (Hurston 16) to the questions she has inside. The decision to not be satisfied with status quo definitely aids Janie in the exploration of her purpose on earth. Rigoberta too has a decision to make that will transform her life."

Tags:women, young, generation, menchu, foundation, protagonist, love, friends, death, empowerment, treatment, society, communities, family, Zora, Neale, Hurston, and, Rigoberta

Abstract
This paper examines how Mu-lan, Jaia Sun Childers, Zhang Xinxin, and other contemporary Chinese female writers, persist with the idea that women cannot achieve a wholeness in the assumption of a role, whether it be that of Chinese soldier, revolutionary warrior, or scorned lover. It looks at how gender roles appear only to limit a woman; only once she has achieved wholeness with her femininity and her strength as a woman, outside of traditional bonds or in a cultural gender-neutral framework, can the Chinese woman truly aspire to autonomy, intellectualism, and love.

From the Paper
"Chinese women writers have found it necessary even in modern times, to reject the social roles that men have imposed upon them. These social roles represent one that is quite different from that which faced Mu-lan. For Chinese women writers of the 20th and 21st centuries, it has become more crucial for them to bring the idea of femininity into focus, as opposed to Mu-lan who had to hide her femininity entirely. Much of this stems from the Chinese Cultural Revolution. At this time, many of the traditional social and moral values changed, and lost their validity. At this time, women writers who produced works which embraced and celebrated femininity were widely criticized for having thought and ideas that ran counter to the revolution."

Tags:mu-lan, jaia, sun, childers, zhang, xinxin

From the Paper
"Nathaniel Hawthorne in The Scarlet Letter and Maxine Hong Kingston in The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood among Ghosts depict strong women struggling to shape themselves beyond the restrictions of convention. Hester Pyrnne and Maxine Hong Kingston seek to forge new social identities which surpass the codes of their respective communities. Relying upon their creative spirit, they are unable to be limited by worn-out societal restrictions for women. They understand that society seeks to impose upon them unreasonable and oppressive conventions. Instead of accepting the power and weight of these conventions, these women are willing to challenge their communities' petty and destructive centers. In transgressing the too-rigid gender codes which have been ordained for them, Pyrnne..."

Abstract
This paper critically examines two short stories with an emphasis on how women are expected to behave in a specific manner and how the escape from this situation often requires the destruction of the male.

Abstract
This paper presents a look at the role of females and males in literature. The author takes us on a tour of several stories to explore the differences between men and women as well as the roles those differences play in the world of literature.

Abstract
The paper relates that most female characters within modern literature prove to take a subservient economic role to their male counterparts, who in many cases they depend on. The paper asserts that this is an example of the culture condition seen in literature which portrays real-life instances, and argues that despite misconceptions that the female's economic role within the larger community is improving leaps and bounds above other generations, the truth is much more disturbing. The paper reveals that the gender wage gap is closing much slower than many might imagine, and on top of that, women at the tops of the economic ladders, those with high corporate jobs and high levels of education, are actually seeing the gender wage gap increasing within their demographic. The paper further notes that this lesser economic role is in stark contrast to the actual purchasing power of women within modern society, which in many cases proves much greater than other demographics.

Tags:women, economic status, literature