Abstract
This paper uses the incident of the boat containing asylum seekers that sank off the shore of Australia to discuss the issue of public trust in government. It looks at the role John Howard's administration had in misleading the people of Australia about the disaster and how the Australian people responded.

From the Paper
"One of the most disillusioning things that can happen to a citizen of a democracy is to discover that one's own government - the legal and political extension of oneself - has lied to one. This is far more damaging both to an individual's belief in his or her government and in the end to that government itself than is a citizen's disagreement with that government. This does not, of course, only happen in Australia. Many Americans (to look across the Pacific) believed that their government should not go to war with Iraq, but even as they disagreed with their government's actions approval for American President Bush remained high. However, after it was discovered that the Bush administration lied to the American people about its claims for the necessity of going to war and going to war quickly, more and more Americans have begun to have an unfavorable opinion of their government - and rightly so. If there is a single obligation that a democratic government has to its people it is to tell them the truth. The Australian government has itself recently failed to do this and as a result deserves to lose the confidence of the people that it claims to represent."

Tags:foreigners, children, overboard, hmas, adelaide, middle, east, north, africa, ships, refugees

Abstract
In this article the writer looks at he actions of the Federal Acquisition Reform Act (FARA) of 1995. The writer discusses FARA's accomplishments.

From the Paper
"The Federal Acquisition Reform Act (FARA) of 1995 accomplished much in the way of streamlining the government contracting and purchasing activity across the spectrum of government and military spending activity. FARA itself includes such aspects of federal acquisition regulations as: * Competition * Commercial items * Reform provisions related to certification requirements among others ..."

Tags:federal, acquisitions, reform, acquisitions

Abstract
In this article, the writer examines in some depth the nature of the lackluster voter participation rates during the past two federal elections. Subsequent passages in this essay discuss the nature of the reasons that are employed to explain low voter turnout rates in Canadian federal elections. Additionally, the writer proposes useful strategies that could be (and are being) employed in order to combat low voter turnouts.

Tags:politics, voters

Abstract
This paper provides an analysis of the relationship between politics and senior citizens in U.S. policy making by exploring the issue of long-term care and various reform proposals designed by legislators to help fund long-term care that is currently woefully underfunded. Various interests groups, senior advocacy groups and industries are discussed that show the connection between politics and senior citizen policy making.

From the Paper
"Few issues that pertain to Senior Citizens are as politically charged as the issue of long-term care. Longer life expectancy from medical advances and dwindling Social Security resources threaten to undermine the quality of life for many senior citizens who require long-term care in nursing homes, assisted-living facilities, their own homes or other managed care facilities for the aged. Involving federal, state and local government, the insurance industry, the real-estate industry and numerous coalitions and interest groups that advocate for senior citizens..."

Tags:illness, funding, state, federal, local, taxes, insurance, reverse mortgages, equity, assets, Medicaid, nursing homes, assisted-living facilities, media, AARP

Abstract
The paper analyzes the book, which looks at the U.S. government's involvement in the tobacco industry. It discusses shifts in policy making with regard to tobacco and the influence and power of the tobacco industry to fight anti-smoking policies. The effect of federalism on product regulation is discussed, as is the release of the report by the Surgeon General, Luther Terry, in 1964; claiming smoking as a health risk. The Federal Trade Commission's role in regulating cigarettes is looked at and the interference of politics in neutral, scientific, and impartial regulation is raised. The paper concludes with recommendations for the future, such as the rationalization of public policy and the monitoring of policy changes.

From the Paper
"The tobacco issue has been a difficult one in the American political system from the beginning of tobacco as a cash crop. The issue has become even more complex in recent years, with one arm of the government offering subsidies and other support to tobacco growers while another is challenging the health risks involved and still another is seeking legal redress. The government has for some time in effect been on both sides of the issue at the same time. Many of the reasons for this can be found in the book Smoking and Politics: Policy Making and the Federal Bureaucracy by A. Lee Fritschler and James M. Hoefler, most recently in its 5th Edition as the authors update their analysis every few years."

Tags:U.S., government, tobacco, industry, policy, making, shifts, anti-smoking, federalism, regulation, health, risk, recommendations

Abstract
This paper examines the nature of the Federal Reserve System, the push towards centralized banking in the United States, the panic of 1907, the evolution of the Federal Reserve during the 20th century, and the future of the institution.The paper highlights the significant role that the Federal Reserve System has played in the history of the United States since its creation. The paper explains that the Federal Reserve System was the final and most successful attempt by the United States government to create a centralized banking system for the nation that could help stabilize the economy and centrally coordinate financial policy-making. The paper then points out that, though significant criticism has been leveled at the Federal Reserve, throughout its history, there are few indications that the Federal Reserve will be abolished in the near future. In conclusion, the paper shows that for the foreseeable future, the Federal Reserve System will be an undeniable feature of American political and economic life.

Outline:
Introduction
What Is the Federal Reserve System?
Early History of Banking the United States, 1791-1913
The Panic of 1907 and the Birth of the Federal Reserve
From 1913 to the Present: The Evolution of the Fed
Criticism and the Future of the Fed
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The Federal Reserve System was first established in the wake of the Panic of 1907. Earlier attempts to create such a system of federal banks had failed, but the Panic provided the impetus by apparently highlighting the need for a system like the Federal Reserve System. The Federal Reserve Act (1913) called for a system of eight to twelve mostly autonomous regional reserve banks. These banks would be owned by commercial banking interests, but coordinated by a committee appointed by the President of the United States (Flaherty sec. 13). In this way, the Federal Reserve System was originally devised as a private banking system that could operate largely in the public interest."

Tags:central, bank, monetary, policy, political

Abstract
This paper looks at the federal deficit from five economic perspectives: opportunity costs, the production possibilities curve, the invisible hand principle, the Laffer curve and good economics vs good politics. The paper then looks at different methods for controlling the deficit.

Tags:deficit, economy

Abstract
This paper discusses, summarizes and analyzes "McConnel v. Federal Election Commission", which has its roots in twentieth century campaign reform. The paper explains that the Supreme Court was split on its interpretation of "McConnel v. Federal Election Commission" and that it was a division clearly defined by priorities of protection - protecting either the sanctity of the elections that allow for the government to run, or the system of laws that allow for the execution it provides.

From the Paper
"The judicial branch has a long taken responsibility for judging the constitutional viability of congressional acts to curb the corruption capable in campaigns, recognizing that their review standard needed to not only meet the absolute doctrinal lines, but the spirit behind them that guides the country; id est, the Supreme Court is responsible for insuring that while Congress tries to regulate their own elections, they do not under-regulate to the point that it might be possible for corruption to exist or even seem to exist and they do not over-regulate to the point that the basic freedoms provided to those tax paying, election-contributing constituents are not suppressed."

Tags:twentieth, century, campaign, reform, financial, expenditures, contributions, opinion, election, illegitimacy, corruption

Abstract
This paper describes the 2001 Australian Federal Elections and the challenges faced by the winning party, the Liberal Party. The issues discussed include health, defense, taxation and immigration. It gives a brief history of the party and its principle goals. The paper includes interviews with Afghan Australians and it discusses the detention centers. The paper describes how the Liberal Party plans to resolve these issues.

From the Paper
"The 2001 Australian federal elections had on its electoral list, the Liberal party, the Labor party, the National party, Australian Democrats, the Greens, the One Nation party and other smaller parties. The two major contenders were the Liberal Party winning the majority of the votes with more than 69 seats, and the Labor Party following closely with 66 seats. The smaller parties won the remaining seats."

Tags:Australia, Immigration, Liberal, Party

Abstract
This paper compares the different perspectives of three historians and political philosophers, James Weinstein, James Q. Wilson, and Ronen Shamir, regarding American federal and state administrative regulation and how it has evolved over time.

From the Paper
"The historians and political philosophers James Weinstein, James Q. Wilson, and Ronen Shamir, would no doubt all agree that a seismic shift occurred during the turn of the century in America, in terms of the way individual rights were conceptualized, and continued to become prioritized over the course of the century from a legal and political perspective. During this period of time, America shifted from an America without a federal income tax, an America where the Bill of Rights was only strictly applicable to federal rather than state legislation, to a nation with a complex civil rights system of litigation and a bureaucratic tax and federal civil service structure. Over the course of the century and afterwards, legislation was passed to make American industry more humane, and to change the integration of women and blue-collar workers into the American nation. The 20th century saw changes as women began to vote, and worker's rights became protected in the capitalist system, and African-American rights were guaranteed legally and legislatively. The political and economic, as well as legal reasons behind this shift, however, remain controversial."

Tags:individual, state, government, corporative, economic, pluralist, judicial, rights, tax